Kingdom of Bhaktapur

Kingdom in Medieval Nepal

𑐏𑑂𑐰𑐥 𑐡𑐾𑐱‎ (Newar)
1428–1769
Flag of Bhaktapur
Insignia of the Kingdom of Bhaktapur
CapitalBhaktapur Durbar Square, BhaktapurCommon languagesNewar (official)
Sanskrit (religious)Religion
Newar Hinduism and Newar BuddhismGovernmentMonarchyHistory 
• Established
1428
• Gorkha conquest
1769 CurrencyMohar
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Malla dynasty (Nepal)
Kingdom of Nepal
Today part ofNepal

The Kingdom of Bhaktapur, also known as Bhadgaon, (भक्तपुर राज्य) was a kingdom ruled by the Malla dynasty of Nepal from 15th century until its annexation in the 18th century. It was established in 1482 after King Yaksha Malla died and his sons divided the valley into four kingdoms: Bhaktapur, Kantipur, Patan, and Banepa. Banepa, however, was soon annexed by or submitted itself to Bhaktapur.[1][2]

In 1769, It became part of the Gorkha Kingdom―present day Kingdom of Nepal―after an aggressive unification campaign launched by Prithvi Narayan Shah.[2]

History

Since the reign of the first Malla king, Arimalla, over Kathmandu Valley, Bhadgaon had always been at the center of political events. After the lineage of Arimalla ended with Jayadeva Malla in 1258, it was the residence of House of Tripura. The Tripura House, along with its main rival from Banepa, the House of Bhonta played a prominent part in shaping the valley as it stood at that time. Eventually, the Bhonta House declined and Tripuras enjoyed full authority in the valley.[3]

In 1353, Jayasthiti Malla, was brought from the south by Devaladevi, the de facto head of Tripura House, and she married him to Rajalladevi, her granddaughter. Yakshya Malla was the grandson of Jayasthiti, and all the later rulers of the valley descended from him.[4]

Monarchs

The following table provides a list of monarchs of Bhadgaon with their regnal dates.[5]

Name Reign
Raya Malla 1482–1509
Bhuwana Malla 1505–1519
Prana Malla 1519–1547
Vishva Malla 1547–1560
Trailokya Malla 1560–1613
Tribhuvana Malla co-ruler of Trailokya[6]
Ganga Rani co-ruler of Trailokya[6]
Jagajjyoti Malla 1613–1637
Naresha Malla 1637–1644
Jagat Prakasha Malla 1644–1673
Jitamitra Malla 1673–1696
Bhupatindra Malla 1696–1722
Ranajit Malla 1722–1769

References

Citations

  1. ^ Lall 1994, p. 60.
  2. ^ a b Josephson 1988, p. 88.
  3. ^ Shaha 1990, p. 39–50.
  4. ^ Petech 1984, p. 133–150.
  5. ^ Shrestha & Singh 1972, p. 73–74.
  6. ^ a b Pokhrel, Aupson (2023). "King Trailokya Malla". Itihasaa: Encyclopedia of Nepali History. Retrieved 22 April 2024.

Bibliography

  • Vaidya, Tulasī Rāma (2002). Bhaktapur Rajdarbar. Centre for Nepal and Asian Studies, Tribhuvan University. ISBN 978-99933-52-17-4.
  • Shaha, Rishikesh (1990). Ancient and Medieval Nepal (PDF). Kathmandu, Nepal: University of Cambridge.
  • Shrestha, D.B.; Singh, C.B. (1972). The History of Ancient and Medieval Nepal (PDF) (1st ed.). Kathmandu: University of Cambridge.
  • Regmi, Mahesh C. (1972). "Regmi Research Series" (PDF). German Oriental Society. 4.
  • Lall, Kesar (1994). Folk Tales from the Himalayan Kingdom of Nepal: Tales of Three Brothers. Ratna Pustak Bhandar.
  • Sen, Jahar (1992). India and Nepal: Some Aspects of Culture Contact. Indian Institute of Advanced Study. p. 60. ISBN 978-81-85182-69-8.
  • Josephson, Richard (1988). Nepal Mandala. R. Josephson.
  • Petech, Luciano (1984). Medieval History of Nepal (PDF) (2nd ed.). Italy: Fondata Da Giuseppe Tucci.