Kingkel languages

Pama–Nyungan language branch of Australia

Kingkel
Rockhampton–Gladstone
Geographic
distribution
Queensland
Linguistic classificationPama–Nyungan
  • Maric?
    • Kingkel
Subdivisions
  • Bayali
  • Dharumbal
Glottologrock1234

Kingkel is a putative small branch of the Pama–Nyungan family in Queensland, consisting of:

  • Bayali,
  • Dharumbal.

The two languages are not close.

Bowern (2011) reclassified Darumbal as a Maric language, but did not address Bayali. Bouckaert, Bower, and Atkinson (2018), based on more data and languages of the region, classify Darumbal as a sister of Mbabaram (and therefore related to Maric languages, though as the first to branch off within that group). Bayali is grouped with Waka-Kabi languages to the south.

Map of traditional lands of Aboriginal people around Mackay, Rockhampton and Gladstone, Queensland.

References

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Paman languages
North
Northeast
Wik
Lamalamic
Yalanjic
Southwest
Norman
Thaypan
Southern
Other
Dyirbalic
Maric
Waka–Kabic
Durubalic
Gumbaynggiric
Wiradhuric
Yuin–Kuric
Gippsland
Other
Yotayotic
Kulinic
Kulin
Drual
Lower Murray
Thura-Yura
Mirniny
Nyungic
Kartu
Kanyara–Mantharta
Ngayarta
Marrngu
Ngumpin–Yapa
Warumungu
Warluwaric
Kalkatungic
Mayi
Wati
Arandic
Karnic
Other
Yolŋu
Other
Macro-Gunwinyguan?
Maningrida
Mangarrayi-Marran
Gunwinyguan
Other
Tangkic
Garrwan


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