Laelian
Laelian | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Laelian on an aureus. Caption: IMP. C. LAELIANVS P. F. AVG. | |||||
Gallic usurper | |||||
Reign | approximately late February to early June 269 (against Postumus) | ||||
Predecessor | Postumus | ||||
Successor | Marcus Aurelius Marius | ||||
Born | Gaul | ||||
Died | 269 | ||||
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- v
- t
- e
- Death of Alexander Severus (235)
- Harzhorn (c. 235)
- Usurpation of Magnus (c. 235)
- Usurpation of Quartinus (235)
Year of the Six Emperors (238)
- Revolt of Gordian I & Gordian II (238)
- Battle of Carthage (238)
- Siege of Aquileia (238)
- Reign of Pupienus & Balbinus (238)
- Invasion of the Carpi (238–239)
Reign of Gordian III (238–244)
- Sabinianus Revolt (240)
- Fall of Hatra (241)
- Resaena (243)
- Misiche (244)
Reign of Philip the Arab (244–249)
- Invasion of the Carpi (245–247)
- Secular Games of 248 (248)
- Usurpation of Sponsianus (240s)
- Usurpation of Pacatianus (248)
- Usurpation of Jotapianus (249)
- Usurpation of Silbannacus (249 or 253)
- Decius' Rebellion (249)
Verona and death of Philip & Philip II (249)
Reign of Decius (249–251)
- Plague of Cyprian (250–270)
- Decian persecution (250–251)
- Gothic invasion of Cniva (250–251)
- Carpi invasion of Dacia (250)
- Nicopolis ad Istrum (250)
- Beroe (250)
- Philippopolis (250)
- Usurpation of Julius Priscus (251)
- Abritus and death of Decius and Etruscus (251)
Reign of Trebonianus Gallus (251–253)
- Death of Hostilian (251)
- Mariades' Revolt (252)
- Nisibis (252)
- Barbalissos (253)
- Interamna Nahars (c 253)
Reign of Aemilianus (253)
- Antioch (253)
Reign of Valerian and Gallienus (253–260)
- Thessalonica (254)
- Thermopylae (254)
- Dura-Europos (256)
- Gothic invasion (256–257)
- Invasion of Shapur (258)
- Invasion of the Alemanni (258–260 approx)
- Mediolanum (259)
- Scythian invasion (259–260)
- Edessa (260)
Reign of Gallienus (260–268)
- Caesarea (260)
- Usurpation of Ingenuus (260)
- Usurpation of Regalianus (260)
- Usurpation of Macrianus Major (c. 259–261)
- Gallic Empire (260–274)
- Death of Saloninus (260)
- Roxolani Invasion of Pannonia (260)
- Campaigns of Odaenathus (260–267)
- Usurpation of Quietus (261)
- Usurpation of Balista (261)
- Usurpation of Valens Thessalonicus (261)
- Usurpation of Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi (261)
- Usurpation of Macrianus Minor (261)
- Pannonian Rebellion (261)
- Usurpation of Mussius Aemilianus (261–262)
- Postumus' Campaign against the Franks (262)
- Postumus' Campaign against the Alamanni (263)
- Ctesiphon (263)
- Scythian Invasion (265–266)
- Assassination of Odaenathus (267)
- Usurpation of Maeonius (266–267)
- Scythian Invasion (267–269)
- Heruli Raids (267)
- Athens (267)
- Usurpation of Acilius Aureolus (268)
Reign of Claudius Gothicus (268–270)
- Usurpation of Laelianus (269)
- Reign of Marcus Aurelius Marius (269)
- Augustodunum Haeduorum
- Naissus (268/269)
- Lake Benacus (268 or 269)
- Capture of Athens (269)
- Palmyrene Empire (270–273)
- Bostra (270)
- Palmyrene invasion of Egypt (270)
- Vandal Invasion (270)
Reign of Aurelian (270–275)
- Usurpation of Victorinus Junior (271)
- Junthungi Invasion (271)
- Domitian II (271)
- Tetricus I & Tetricus II (271–274)
- Rebellion of Felicissimus (270s)
- Placentia (271)
- Fano (271)
- Pavia (271)
- Tyana (272)
- Immae (272)
- Emesa (272)
- Razing of Palmyra (273)
- Usurpation of Faustinus (c. 273)
- Châlons (274)
Reign of Tacitus (275-276)
- Gothic Invasion (276-277)
Reign of Probus (276-282)
- Vandal Invasion (276-278)
- Sarmatian Invasion (278)
- Usurpation of Bonosus & Proculus (280)
- Usurpation of Julius Saturninus (280)
Reign of Carus (282-283)
- Carus' invasion of the Sasanian Empire (283)
Reign of Carinus (283-285)
- Usurpation of Julian of Pannonia (284-285)
- Margum (285)
Laelian (/leɪliən/; Latin: Ulpius Cornelius Laelianus),[1] also incorrectly referred to as Lollianus and Aelianus,[2] was a usurper against Postumus, the emperor of the Gallic Empire. His revolt lasted from approximately late February to early June 269.[2]
Origins
Little is known about Laelian. He shares the same nomen as a prominent Hispano-Roman family, the Ulpii, that included Trajan among its members, and may have been a relative.[2] This is supported by the strong allusion to Hispania on an aureus he struck, which featured the design of Hispania reclining with a rabbit to her side. If he indeed was a relative, this may be the reason Hispania allied itself with Claudius II, after the death of Laelian, seemingly without a struggle.[citation needed]
Rule
Laelian declared himself emperor at Moguntiacum (modern-day Mainz in Germany) in February/March 269,[3] after repulsing a Germanic invasion.[4] Although his exact position is unknown, he is believed to have been a senior officer under Postumus,[5] either the legatus of Germania Superior or the commander of Legio XXII Primigenia.[2] Laelian represented a strong danger to Postumus because of the two legions he commanded (Primigenia in Moguntiacum and VIII Augusta in Argentoratum);[2] Despite this, his rebellion lasted only about two months before he was executed,[6] reputedly by his own soldiers, or by Postumus' troops after a siege of Laelian's capital.[1] The siege of Moguntiacum was also fatal for Postumus; it is said he was slain when he refused to allow his troops to plunder the city following its capture.[7]
Laelian (under the Latin name Lollianus) is listed among the Thirty Tyrants in the Historia Augusta.
See also
References
Sources
Primary sources
- Aurelius Victor, Liber de Caesaribus
- Eutropius, Brevarium, Book 9
- Historia Augusta, The Thirty Tyrants
Secondary sources
- Southern, Pat. The Roman Empire from Severus to Constantine, Routledge, 2001
- Potter, David Stone, The Roman Empire at Bay, AD 180-395, Routledge, 2004
- Jones, A.H.M., Martindale, J.R. The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol. I: AD260-395, Cambridge University Press, 1971
- Michel Polfer, "Laelianus (A.D. 269)", De Imperatoribus Romanis] (1999)
External links
- Media related to Laelianus at Wikimedia Commons