List of Jewish Canadian politicians

This list comprises persons who belong to the Jewish faith, who have been elected to the federal House of Commons, legislative assemblies of provinces and territories, and members appointed to the Senate.

The first Jewish Canadian politician elected after Confederation was Henry Nathan Jr., elected as a Liberal MP to the House of Commons in a by-election in 1871. Both George Benjamin and Selim Franklin were elected in pre-Confederation Canada and are therefore not listed.

There have been 45 Jewish Canadians who have served as Members of Parliament, as well as 20 who have been named Senators. After the 2015 Canadian election, the highest number of Jews were elected to Parliament in history – with 7 MPs (2.1% of the House of Commons). Elected in the 2021 Canadian Federal Election, Melissa Lantsman became the ninth currently-serving Jewish MP. Of the current federal Jewish politicians, 6 are Liberals (6 MPs, 0 Senators), 3 are Conservatives (2 MPs, 1 Senators), 1 is a New Democrat (1 MP, 0 Senators) and two sit as Independent (2 Senators).

Provincially, Jews have been elected to 9 of the 13 legislatures – with only New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Northwest Territories and Nunavut never having Jewish representation. There are currently four Jews serving in three provincial legislatures. Of those members, three are Conservative (two Progressive Conservative, one United Conservative) and one is Liberal (one Quebec Liberal).

Federal

House of Commons

Member of Parliament Riding Took office Left office Party Ref. Note
Henry Nathan Jr.
(1842–1914) 		Victoria District November 24, 1871 January 21, 1874 Liberal [1]
Samuel William Jacobs
(1871–1938) 		Cartier December 17, 1917 August 21, 1938 Liberal [2]
Abraham Albert Heaps
(1885–1954) 		Winnipeg North October 29, 1925 March 25, 1940 CCF [3] Winnipeg City Councillor (1917–1925), founding member of the CCF (1932), previously Labour/Ginger Group (1925–1932)
Samuel Factor
(1892–1962) 		Spadina July 28, 1930 June 10, 1945 Liberal [4] Toronto City Councillor (1926–1928)
Peter Bercovitch
(1879–1942) 		Cartier November 7, 1938 December 26, 1942 Liberal [5] Quebec MNA (1916–1938)
Fred Rose
(1907–1983) 		Cartier August 9, 1943 January 30, 1947 Labor-Progressive [6]
David Croll
(1900–1991) 		Spadina June 11, 1945 Liberal [7] Mayor of Windsor (1931–1934, 1939–1940)
Ontario MPP (1934–1943)
Senator (1955–1991)
Maurice Hartt
(1895–1950) 		Cartier March 31, 1947 March 15, 1950 Liberal [8] Quebec MLA (1939–1947)
Leon Crestohl
(1900–1963) 		Cartier June 19, 1950 March 21, 1963 Liberal [9]
Herb Gray
(1931–2014) 		Windsor West June 18, 1962 January 14, 2002 Liberal [10] Leader of the Opposition (1990)
Deputy Prime Minister (1997–2002)
Solicitor General (1993–1997)
President of the Treasury Board (1982–1984)
Minister of Industry (1980–1982)
Minister of Consumer Affairs (1972–1974)
Minister of National Revenue (1970–1972)
David Lewis
(1909–1981) 		York South June 18, 1962 April 7, 1963 NDP [11] Leader of the NDP (1971–1975)
November 8, 1965 July 7, 1974
David Orlikow
(1918–1998) 		Winnipeg North June 18, 1962 November 20, 1988 NDP [12] Manitoba MLA (1958–1962)
Winnipeg School Trustee (1945–1950)
Winnipeg City Councillor (1951–1958)
Marvin Gelber
(1912–1990) 		York South April 8, 1963 November 7, 1965 Liberal [13]
Milton L. Klein
(1910–2007) 		Cartier April 8, 1963 June 24, 1968 Liberal [14]
Max Saltsman
(1921–1985) 		Waterloo—Cambridge November 9, 1964 May 21, 1979 NDP [15]
Barney Danson
(1921–2011) 		York North June 25, 1968 May 21, 1979 Liberal [16]
Bob Kaplan
(1936–2012) 		York Centre June 25, 1968 October 24, 1993 Liberal [17] Solicitor General (1980–1984)
Jack Marshall
(1919–2004) 		Humber—St. George's—St. Barbe June 25, 1968 March 22, 1978 Conservative [18] Senator (1978–1994)
Simma Holt
(1922–2015) 		Vancouver Kingsway July 8, 1974 May 21, 1979 Liberal [19]
David Berger
(born 1950) 		Saint-Henri—Westmount May 22, 1979 December 28, 1994 Liberal [20]
Sheila Finestone
(1927–2009) 		Mount Royal September 4, 1984 August 10, 1999 Liberal [21] Minister for Multiculturalism (1993–1996) / Minister for Status of Women (1993–1996) / Senator (1999–2002)
Gerry Weiner
(born 1933) 		Pierrefonds—Dollard September 4, 1984 August 24, 1993 Conservative [22] Mayor of Dollard-des-Ormeaux (1982–1984)
Minister of Multiculturalism and Citizenship (1991–1993)
Dave Barrett
(1930–2018) 		Esquimalt—Juan de Fuca November 21, 1988 October 24, 1993 NDP [23] Premier of British Columbia (1972–1975)
British Columbia MLA (1960–1984)
Elinor Caplan
(born 1944) 		Thornhill June 2, 1997 June 27, 2004 Liberal [24] Minister of Citizenship & Immigration (1999–2002)
Minister of National Revenue (2002–2003)
Ontario MPP (1985–1997)
North York City Councillor (1978–1981)
Raymonde Folco
(born 1940) 		Laval—Les Îles May 1, 2011 Liberal [25]
Richard Marceau
(born 1970) 		Charlesbourg June 2, 1997 January 22, 2006 Bloc Quebecois [26]
Jacques Saada
(born 1947) 		Brossard—La Prairie June 2, 1997 January 22, 2006 Liberal [27] Government House Leader (2003–2004)
Minister of Democratic Reform (2003–2004)
Minister for La Francophonie (2004–2006)
Minister for Economic Development (Quebec) (2004–2006)
Irwin Cotler
(born 1940) 		Mount Royal November 15, 1999 October 18, 2015 Liberal [28] Minister of Justice (2003–2006)
Anita Neville
(born 1942) 		Winnipeg South Centre November 27, 2000 May 1, 2011 Liberal [29]
Susan Kadis
(born 1953) 		Thornhill June 28, 2004 October 13, 2008 Liberal [30]
Tony Clement
(born 1961) 		Parry Sound-Muskoka January 23, 2006 October 19, 2019 Conservative [31] Ontario MPP and Provincial Cabinet Minister (1995–2003)
Minister of Health (2006–2008)
Minister of Industry (2008–2011)
President of the Treasury Board (2011–2015)
Mark Adler
(born 1963) 		York Centre May 2, 2011 October 18, 2015 Conservative [32]
Joe Oliver Eglinton—Lawrence May 2, 2011 October 18, 2015 Conservative [33] Minister of Natural Resources (2011–2014)
Minister of Finance (2014–2015)
Jim Carr
(1951–2022) 		Winnipeg South Centre October 19, 2015 December 22, 2022 Liberal [34] Minister of Natural Resources (2015–current)
Manitoba MLA (1988–1992)
Julie Dabrusin
(born 1971) 		Toronto—Danforth October 19, 2015 Incumbent Liberal [35]
Karina Gould
(born 1987) 		Burlington October 19, 2015 Incumbent Liberal [36] Minister of Democratic Institutions (2016–current)
David de Burgh Graham
(born 1981) 		Laurentides—Labelle October 19, 2015 October 20, 2019 Liberal [37]
Anthony Housefather
(born 1971) 		Mount Royal October 19, 2015 Incumbent Liberal [38] Mayor of Côte Saint-Luc (2005–2015)
Côte Saint-Luc City Councillor (1994–2005)
Hampstead Town Councillor (1988–1994)
Michael Levitt York Centre October 19, 2015 September 1, 2020 Liberal [39]
Dan Ruimy
(born 1962) 		Pitt Meadows—Maple Ridge October 19, 2015 October 20, 2019 Liberal [40]
Rachel Bendayan
(born 1979) 		Outremont February 25, 2019 Incumbent Liberal [41]
Marty Morantz
(born 1962) 		Charleswood—St. James—Assiniboia—Headingley October 21, 2019 Incumbent Conservative Winnipeg City Councillor (2014–2018)
Leah Gazan
(born 1971 or 1972) 		Winnipeg Centre October 21, 2019 Incumbent NDP [42]
Ya'ara Saks
(born 1973) 		York Centre October 26, 2020 Incumbent Liberal
Melissa Lantsman
(born 1984) 		Thornhill September 20, 2021 Incumbent Conservative
Ben Carr
(born 1986) 		Winnipeg South Centre June 19, 2023 Incumbent Liberal [43]

Senate

Senator Province Took office Left office Party Ref. Note
David Croll
(1900–1991) 		Ontario August 28, 1955 July 11, 1991 Liberal [7] Federal MP (1945–1955)
Lazarus Phillips
(1895–1986) 		Quebec February 9, 1968 October 10, 1970 Liberal [44]
Carl Goldenberg
(1907–1996) 		Quebec November 4, 1971 October 20, 1982 Liberal [45]
Jack Austin
(born 1932) 		British Columbia August 19, 1975 March 2, 2007 Liberal [46] Leader of the Government in the Senate (2003–2006)
Minister for Social Development (1982–1984)
Jack Marshall
(1919–2004) 		Newfoundland and Labrador March 23, 1978 November 26, 1994 Conservative [47] Federal MP (1968–1978)
Nathan Nurgitz
(1934–2019) 		Manitoba October 3, 1979 February 9, 1993 Conservative [48] West Kildonan Alderman (1963–1969)
Leo Kolber
(1929–2020) 		Quebec December 23, 1983 January 18, 2004 Liberal [49]
Jerry Grafstein
(born 1935) 		Ontario January 13, 1984 January 2, 2010 Liberal [50]
Mira Spivak
(born 1934) 		Manitoba November 17, 1986 July 12, 2009 Independent [51] Conservative Senator (1986–2004)
Ron Ghitter
(born 1935) 		Alberta March 25, 1993 March 31, 2000 Conservative [52]
Erminie Cohen
(born 1926) 		New Brunswick June 4, 1993 July 23, 2001 Conservative [53]
Richard Kroft
(born 1938) 		Manitoba June 11, 1998 September 24, 2004 Liberal [54]
Sheila Finestone
(1927–2009) 		Quebec August 11, 1999 January 28, 2002 Liberal [21] Federal MP (1984–1999)
Yoine Goldstein
(born 1934) 		Quebec August 29, 2005 May 11, 2009 Liberal [55]
Hugh Segal
(born 1950) 		Ontario August 29, 2005 June 15, 2014 Conservative [56]
Irving Gerstein
(born 1941) 		Quebec January 2, 2009 February 10, 2016 Conservative [57]
Linda Frum
(born 1963) 		Ontario August 27, 2009 August 27, 2021 Conservative [58]
Judith Seidman
(born 1950) 		Quebec August 27, 2009 Incumbent Conservative [59]
Marc Gold
(born 1950) 		Quebec November 25, 2016 Incumbent Independent [60]
Paula Simons
(born 1964) 		Alberta October 3, 2018 Incumbent Independent [61]

Provincial

Alberta

Member of Legislative Assembly Riding Took office Left office Province Ref. Note
Ron Ghitter
(born 1935) 		Calgary Buffalo August 30, 1971 March 13, 1979 Conservative [62]
Sheldon Chumir
(1940–1992) 		Calgary-Buffalo May 8, 1986 January 26, 1992 Liberal [63]
Karen Leibovici
(born 1952) 		Edmonton Meadowlark June 15, 1993 March 11, 2001 Liberal [64]
Stephen Mandel
(born 1945) 		Edmonton-Whitemud September 15, 2014 May 4, 2015 Conservative [65] Minister of Health (2014–2015)
Edmonton City Councillor (2001–2004)
Mayor of Edmonton (2004–2013)
Richard Gotfried
(born 1958) 		Calgary-Fish Creek May 5, 2015 Incumbent Conservative [66]
Ricardo Miranda
(born 1976) 		Calgary-Cross May 5, 2015 April 15, 2019 NDP [67]

British Columbia

Member of Legislative Assembly Riding Took office Left office Province Ref. Note
Dave Barrett
(1930–2018) 		Dewdney September 12, 1960 September 11, 1966 NDP [23] Premier of British Columbia (1972–1975)
Federal MP (1988–1993)
Coquitlam September 12, 1966 December 10, 1975
Vancouver East June 3, 1976 June 1, 1984
David Chudnovsky
(born 1949) 		Vancouver-Kensington May 17, 2005 May 11, 2009 NDP [68]
Judy Darcy
(born 1949) 		New Westminster May 14, 2013 September 21, 2020 NDP [69] Minister of Mental Health and Addictions of British Columbia (2017–2020)
George Heyman
 Vancouver-Fairview May 14, 2013 Incumbent NDP [70] Minister of Environment and Climate Change Strategy (2017–present)
Selina Robinson
 Coquitlam-Maillardville May 14, 2013 Incumbent Independent [71][72] Minister of Post-Secondary Education and Future Skills (2022–2024)
Minister of Finance (2020–2022)
Minister of Municipal Affairs and Housing (2017–2020)

Manitoba

Member of Legislative Assembly Riding Took office Left office Province Ref. Note
Solomon Hart Green
(1885–1969) 		Winnipeg North July 11, 1910 July 9, 1914 Liberal
William Tobias
(1892–1941) 		Winnipeg June 28, 1927 June 15, 1932 Conservative
Marcus Hyman
(1883–1938) 		Winnipeg June 16, 1932 December 21, 1938 Independent Labour
Morris Gray
(1889–1966) 		Inkster April 22, 1941 January 22, 1966 NDP Winnipeg Alderman (1930–1942)
David Orlikow
(1918–1998) 		St. Johns June 16, 1958 June 17, 1962 NDP [12] Manitoba MP (1962–1988)
Winnipeg School Trustee (1945–1950)
Winnipeg City Councillor (1951–1958)
Saul Cherniack
(1917–2018) 		St. Johns December 14, 1962 November 16, 1981 NDP Minister of Finance (1969–1972, 1973–1975)
Winnipeg City Councillor (1959–1962)
Maitland Steinkopf
(1912–1970) 		River Heights December 14, 1962 June 22, 1966 Conservative Minister for Public Utilities (1963–1964)
Sidney Green
(born 1929) 		Inkster January 23, 1966 November 16, 1981 Progressive Minister of Health (1969)
Minister of Natural Resources (1969–1972)
Minister of Urban Affairs (1971–1972)
Minister for Manitoba Development (1973–1977)
NDP MLA (1966–1979)
Winnipeg City Councillor (1962–1965)
Saul Miller
(1917–1993) 		Seven Oaks June 23, 1966 November 16, 1981 NDP Minister of Colleges and University Affairs (1971–1973)
Minister of Urban Affairs (1973–1974), (1974–1976)
Minister of Health and Social Development (1974–1974)
Minister of Finance (1976–1977)
Sidney Spivak
(1928–2002) 		River Heights June 23, 1966 April 12, 1979 Conservative Manitoba PC Leader (1971–1975)
Minister of Industry and Commerce (1966–1969)
Minister of Government Services (1978–1979)
Cy Gonick
(born 1936) 		Crescentwood June 25, 1969 June 27, 1973 NDP
Izzy Asper
(1932–2003) 		Wolseley June 16, 1972 June 24, 1975 Liberal [73] Leader of the Manitoba Liberals (1970–1975)
Marty Dolin
(born 1939) 		Kildonan October 1, 1985 April 25, 1988 NDP
Jim Carr
(1951–2022) 		Crescentwood April 26, 1988 September 14, 1992 Liberal [34] Deputy Leader of the Manitoba Liberals (1988–1992)
Federal MP (2015–current)

Newfoundland and Labrador

Member of House of Assembly Riding Took office Left office Province Ref. Note
Tom Marshall
(born 1946) 		Humber East October 21, 2003 November 3, 2014 Conservative [74] Premier of Newfoundland & Labrador (2014)
Minister of Justice (2003–2006)
Minister of Finance (2006–2014)

Saskatchewan

Member of House of Assembly Riding Took office Left office Province Ref. Note
Sam Asbell
(1914–1965) 		Bengough April 22, 1964 October 10, 1965 Liberal [75] Asbell died in office at the age of 50.[76]

Nova Scotia

Member of Legislative Assembly Riding Took office Left office Province Ref. Note
Percy Gaum
(1915–1994) 		Cape Breton North October 30, 1956 October 13, 1970 PC [77]
Howard Epstein
(born 1949) 		Halifax Chebucto March 24, 1998 October 7, 2013 NDP [78] Halifax City Councillor (1994–1998)

Ontario

Member of Provincial Parliament Riding Took office Left office Province Ref. Note
Ephraim Frederick Singer
(1889–1953) 		St. Andrew October 30, 1929 June 19, 1934 PC [79]
David Croll
(1900–1991) 		Windsor—Walkerville June 19, 1934 August 3, 1943 Liberal [7] Mayor of Windsor (1931–1934, 1939–1940)
Federal MP (1945–1955)
Senator (1955–1991)
John Judah Glass
(1895–1973) 		St. Andrew June 19, 1934 August 3, 1943 Liberal [80]
J. B. Salsberg
(1902–1998) 		St. Andrew August 4, 1943 June 8, 1955 Labor-Progressive [81]
Allan Grossman
(1910–1991) 		St. Andrew—St. Patrick June 9, 1955 September 17, 1975 PC [82] Minister of Reform Institutions (1963–1968)
Minister of Correctional Services (1968–1971)
Minister of Trade (1971–1972)
Minister of Revenue (1972–1974)
Vernon Singer
(1930–2018) 		York Centre June 11, 1959 September 24, 1963 Liberal [83]
Downsview September 25, 1963 October 21, 1971
Wilson Heights September 18, 1975 June 8, 1977
Stephen Lewis
(born 1937) 		Scarborough West September 25, 1963 April 4, 1979 NDP [84] Ontario NDP Leader (1970–1978)
Leader of the Opposition (1975–1977)
Morton Shulman
(1925–2000) 		High Park October 17, 1967 September 17, 1975 NDP [85]
Larry Grossman
(1943–1997) 		St. Andrew—St. Patrick September 18, 1975 September 9, 1987 PC [86] Ontario PC Leader (1985–1987)
Minister of Consumer Relations (1977–1978)
Minister of Industry (1978–1982)
Minister of Health (1982–1983)
Minister of Economics (1983–1985)
Minister of Education (1985)
Stuart Lyon Smith
(born 1938) 		Hamilton West September 18, 1975 January 24, 1982 Liberal [87] Liberal Party Leader (1976–1982)
David Rotenberg
(born 1930) 		Wilson Heights June 9, 1977 May 1, 1985 Liberal [88] Minister of Urban Affairs (1985)
Elinor Caplan
(born 1944) 		Oriole May 2, 1985 March 10, 1997 Liberal [89] Minister of Government Services (1985–1986)
Minister of Health (1987–1990)
Federal MP (1997–2004)
Monte Kwinter
(born 1931) 		York Centre May 2, 1985 June 6, 2018 Liberal [90] Minister of Consumer Relations (1985–1987)
Minister of Financial Institutions (1986–1987)
Minister of Community Safety (2003–2007)
Chaviva Hošek
(born 1946) 		Oakwood September 10, 1987 September 5, 1990 Liberal [91] Minister of Housing (1987–1989)
Charles Harnick
(born 1950) 		Willowdale September 6, 1990 June 2, 1999 PC [92] Attorney General & Minister Responsible for Native Affairs (1995–1999)
Steve Owens
(1956–2016) 		Scarborough Centre September 6, 1990 June 7, 1995 NDP [93] Minister for Education and Training (1994–1995)
Tony Clement
(born 1961) 		Brampton West—Mississauga
Brampton South (1995–1999) 		June 8, 1995 September 2, 2003 PC [31] Canadian MP and Cabinet Minister (2006–2019)
Minister of Transportation (1997–1999)
Minister of Environment (1999–2000)
Minister of Municipal Affairs and Housing (1999–2001)
Minister of Health and Long-Term Care (2001–2003)
David Caplan
(born 1964) 		Don Valley East September 4, 1997 October 5, 2011 Liberal [94] Minister of Infrastructure (2003–2008)
Minister of Health (2008–2009)
Peter Shurman
(born 1947) 		Thornhill October 10, 2007 December 31, 2013 PC [95]
Jonah Schein
(born 1974) 		Davenport October 6, 2011 June 11, 2014 NDP [96]
Gila Martow
(born 1961) 		Thornhill February 13, 2014 May 3, 2022 PC [97]
Roman Baber
(born 1980) 		York Centre June 7, 2018 May 3, 2022 Independent
Progressive Conservative (until January 15, 2021)
Rima Berns-McGown Beaches—East York June 7, 2018 May 3, 2022 NDP
Andrea Khanjin
(born 1987) 		Barrie—Innisfil June 7, 2018 Incumbent PC Minister of Environment, Conservation and Parks (2023–present)
Michael Kerzner York Centre June 2, 2022 Incumbent PC Solicitor General (2022–present)

Quebec

Member of National Assembly Riding Took office Left office Province Ref. Note
Peter Bercovitch
(1879–1942) 		Montréal–Saint-Louis May 22, 1916 November 6, 1938 Liberal [98] Federal MP (1938–1942)
Joseph Cohen
(1891–1973) 		Montréal–Saint-Laurent May 16, 1927 August 16, 1936 Liberal [99]
Maurice Hartt
(1895–1950) 		Montréal–Saint-Louis October 25, 1939 March 30, 1947 Liberal [100] Federal MP (1947–1950)
Harry Blank
(born 1925) 		Saint-Louis June 22, 1960 December 1, 1985 Liberal [101]
Victor Goldbloom
(1923–2016) 		D'Arcy-McGee June 5, 1966 November 25, 1979 Liberal [102] Minister of Municipal Affairs (1973–1976)
Robert Libman
(born 1960) 		D'Arcy-McGee September 25, 1989 September 11, 1994 Independent [103] Leader of the Equality Party (1989–1994)
Equality Party MNA (1989–1994)
Lawrence Bergman
(born 1940) 		D'Arcy-McGee September 12, 1994 April 22, 2014 Liberal [104]
Russell Copeman
(born 1960) 		Notre-Dame-de-Grâce September 12, 1994 October 21, 2008 Liberal [105]
David Birnbaum
(born 1956) 		D'Arcy-McGee April 23, 2014 Incumbent Liberal [106]

Yukon

Member of Legislative Assembly Riding Took office Left office Province Ref. Note
Arthur Mitchell
(born 1950) 		Copperbelt November 21, 2005 October 11, 2011 Yukon [107] Leader of the Opposition (2006–2011)


See also

References

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  2. ^ "Samuel William Jacobs". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada.
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  4. ^ "Samuel Factor". Biographical Directory of the Parliament of Canada. Parliament of Canada.
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  80. ^ "John Judah Glass". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  81. ^ "J. B Salsberg". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  82. ^ "Ephraim Singer". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  83. ^ "Vernon Singer". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  84. ^ "Stephen Lewis". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  85. ^ "Morton Shulman". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  86. ^ "Larry Grossman". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  87. ^ "Stuart Smith". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  88. ^ "David Rotenberg". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  89. ^ "Elinor Caplan". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  90. ^ "Monte Kwinter". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  91. ^ "Chaviva Hosek". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  92. ^ "Charles Harnick". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  93. ^ "Steve Owens". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  94. ^ "David Caplan". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  95. ^ "Peter Shurman". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  96. ^ "Jonah Schein". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  97. ^ "Gila Martow". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
  98. ^ "Peter Bercovitch". Biographical Directory of the National Assembly of Quebec. National Assembly of Quebec.
  99. ^ "Joseph Cohen". Biographical Directory of the National Assembly of Quebec. National Assembly of Quebec.
  100. ^ "Maurice Hartt". Biographical Directory of the National Assembly of Quebec. National Assembly of Quebec.
  101. ^ "Harry Blank". Biographical Directory of the National Assembly of Quebec. National Assembly of Quebec.
  102. ^ "Victor Goldbloom". Biographical Directory of the National Assembly of Quebec. National Assembly of Quebec.
  103. ^ "Robert Libman". Biographical Directory of the National Assembly of Quebec. National Assembly of Quebec.
  104. ^ "Lawrence S. Bergman". Biographical Directory of the National Assembly of Quebec. National Assembly of Quebec.
  105. ^ "Russell Copeman". Biographical Directory of the National Assembly of Quebec. National Assembly of Quebec.
  106. ^ "David Birnbaum". Biographical Directory of the National Assembly of Quebec. National Assembly of Quebec.
  107. ^ "Arthur Mitchell". Biographical Directory of the Legislative Assembly of Yukon. Yukon Legislative Assembly.