List of Myrtales of South Africa

Flowering plants in the order Myrtales recorded from South Africa

Myrtales is an order of flowering plants placed within the eurosids by the APG III system of classification for angiosperms. This finding is corroborated by the placement of the Myrtales in the Malvid clade by the One Thousand Plant Transcriptomes Initiative.[1] The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.[2]

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[3] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.[4]

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[5]

Ten families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Combretaceae

Family: Combretaceae,[5]

Combretum

Genus Combretum:[5]

  • Combretum apiculatum Sond. indigenous
    • Combretum apiculatum Sond. subsp. apiculatum, indigenous
  • Combretum bracteosum (Hochst.) Engl. & Diels, endemic
  • Combretum caffrum (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Kuntze, endemic
  • Combretum celastroides Welw. ex M.A.Lawson subsp. orientale Exell, accepted as Combretum celastroides Welw. ex M.A.Lawson subsp. celastroides, indigenous
  • Combretum collinum Fresen. indigenous
    • Combretum collinum Fresen. subsp. gazense (Swynn. & Baker f.) Okafor, indigenous
    • Combretum collinum Fresen. subsp. suluense (Engl. & Diels) Okafor, indigenous
    • Combretum collinum Fresen. subsp. taborense (Engl.) Okafor, indigenous
  • Combretum edwardsii Exell, endemic
  • Combretum erythrophyllum (Burch.) Sond. indigenous
  • Combretum hereroense Schinz, indigenous
    • Combretum hereroense Schinz subsp. hereroense, indigenous
  • Combretum imberbe Wawra, indigenous
  • Combretum kraussii Hochst. indigenous
  • Combretum microphyllum Klotzsch, indigenous
  • Combretum mkuzense J.D.Carr & Retief, endemic
  • Combretum moggii Exell, endemic
  • Combretum molle R.Br. ex G.Don, indigenous
  • Combretum mossambicense (Klotzsch) Engl. indigenous
  • Combretum nelsonii Dummer, endemic
  • Combretum padoides Engl. & Diels, indigenous
  • Combretum petrophilum Retief, endemic
  • Combretum stylesii O.Maurin, Jordaan & A.E.van Wyk, indigenous
  • Combretum tenuipes Engl. & Diels, endemic
  • Combretum vendae A.E.van Wyk, endemic
    • Combretum vendae A.E.van Wyk var. glabratum N.Hahn, endemic
    • Combretum vendae A.E.van Wyk var. vendae, endemic
  • Combretum woodii Dummer, indigenous
  • Combretum zeyheri Sond. indigenous

Lumnitzera

Genus Lumnitzera:[5]

Pteleopsis

Genus Pteleopsis:[5]

Quisqualis

Genus Quisqualis:[5]

  • Quisqualis parviflora Gerrard ex Sond. endemic

Terminalia

Genus Terminalia:[5]

  • Terminalia brachystemma Welw. ex Hiern, indigenous
    • Terminalia brachystemma Welw. ex Hiern subsp. brachystemma, indigenous
  • Terminalia phanerophlebia Engl. & Diels, indigenous
  • Terminalia prunioides M.A.Lawson, indigenous
  • Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC. indigenous

Heteropyxidaceae

Family: Heteropyxidaceae,[5]

Heteropyxis

Genus Heteropyxis:[5]

  • Heteropyxis canescens Oliv. indigenous
  • Heteropyxis dehniae Suess. indigenous
  • Heteropyxis natalensis Harv. indigenous

Lythraceae

Family: Lythraceae,[5]

Ammannia

Genus Ammannia:[5]

  • Ammannia auriculata Willd. not indigenous, naturalised
    • Ammannia auriculata Willd. var. auriculata, not indigenous, naturalised
  • Ammannia baccifera L. not indigenous, naturalised
    • Ammannia baccifera L. subsp. baccifera, not indigenous, naturalised
  • Ammannia prieuriana Guill. & Perr. indigenous
  • Ammannia pusilla Sond. accepted as Ammannia prieuriana Guill. & Perr. present
  • Ammannia senegalensis Lam. indigenous

Cuphea

Genus Cuphea:[5]

  • Cuphea ignea A.DC. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised
  • Cuphea micropetala Humb. Bonpl. & Kunth, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised

Galpinia

Genus Galpinia:[5]

Heimia

Genus Heimia:[5]

  • Heimia myrtifolia Cham. & Schltdl. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Heimia salicifolia (Humb. Bonpl. & Kunth) Link & Otto, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised

Lagerstroemia

Genus Lagerstroemia:[5]

Lythrum

Genus Lythrum:[5]

Nesaea

Genus Nesaea:[5]

  • Nesaea alata Immelman, indigenous
  • Nesaea anagalloides (Sond.) Koehne, indigenous
  • Nesaea cordata Hiern, indigenous
  • Nesaea crassicaulis (Guill. & Perr.) Koehne, indigenous
  • Nesaea cymosa Immelman, indigenous
  • Nesaea dinteri Koehne, indigenous
  • Nesaea dinteri Koehne subsp. elata A.Fern. indigenous
  • Nesaea drummondii A.Fern. indigenous
  • Nesaea heptamera Hiern, indigenous
  • Nesaea passerinoides (Welw. ex Hiern) Koehne, indigenous
  • Nesaea radicans Guill. & Perr. indigenous
  • Nesaea radicans Guill. & Perr. var. floribunda (Sond.) A.Fern. indigenous
  • Nesaea rigidula (Sond.) Koehne, indigenous
  • Nesaea sagittifolia (Sond.) Koehne, indigenous
    • Nesaea sagittifolia (Sond.) Koehne var. ericiformis Koehne forma ericiformis, endemic
    • Nesaea sagittifolia (Sond.) Koehne var. ericiformis Koehne forma swaziensis, indigenous
    • Nesaea sagittifolia (Sond.) Koehne var. sagittifolia, indigenous
  • Nesaea schinzii Koehne, indigenous
  • Nesaea schlechteri A.Fern. indigenous
  • Nesaea tolypobotrys Koehne, endemic
  • Nesaea wardii Immelman, endemic
  • Nesaea woodii Koehne, endemic
  • Nesaea zambatidis Immelman, indigenous

Punica

Genus Punica:[5]

Rotala

Genus Rotala:[5]

  • Rotala capensis (Harv.) A.Fern. & Diniz, indigenous
  • Rotala filiformis (Bellardi) Hiern, indigenous
  • Rotala mexicana Cham. & Schltdl. not indigenous, naturalised
  • Rotala tenella (Guill. & Perr.) Hiern, indigenous

Trapa

Genus Trapa:[5]

  • Trapa natans L. indigenous
    • Trapa natans L. var. pumila Nakano ex Verdc. indigenous

Melastomataceae

Family: Melastomataceae,[5]

Antherotoma

Genus Antherotoma:[5]

  • Antherotoma debilis (Sond.) Jacq.-Fel. indigenous
  • Antherotoma naudinii Hook.f. indigenous
  • Antherotoma phaeotricha (Hochst.) Jacq.-Fel. indigenous

Dissotis

Genus Dissotis:[5]

  • Dissotis canescens (E.Mey. ex R.A.Graham) Hook.f. indigenous
  • Dissotis debilis (Sond.) Triana, accepted as Antherotoma debilis (Sond.) Jacq.-Fel. present
    • Dissotis debilis (Sond.) Triana var. lanceolata (Cogn.) A.Fern. & R.Fern. accepted as Antherotoma debilis (Sond.) Jacq.-Fel.
  • Dissotis phaeotricha (Hochst.) Hook.f. accepted as Antherotoma phaeotricha (Hochst.) Jacq.-Fel. present
  • Dissotis princeps (Kunth) Triana, indigenous
    • Dissotis princeps (Kunth) Triana var. candolleana (Cogn.) A.Fern. & R.Fern. indigenous
    • Dissotis princeps (Kunth) Triana var. princeps, indigenous

Heterocentron

Genus Heterocentron:[5]

  • Heterocentron macrostachyum Naudin, not indigenous, naturalised
  • Heterocentron subtriplinervium (Link & Otto) A.Braun & C.D.Bouche, not indigenous, naturalised

Melastoma

Genus Melastoma:[5]

Pleroma

Genus Pleroma:

  • Pleroma granulosum (Desr.) D.Don (syn. Tibouchina granulosa) not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised
  • Pleroma urvilleanum (DC.) P.J.F.Guim. & Michelang. (syn. Tibouchina urvilleana) not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised

Memecylaceae

Family: Memecylaceae,[5]

Memecylon

Genus Memecylon:[5]

  • Memecylon bachmannii Engl. endemic
  • Memecylon natalense Markgr. endemic
  • Memecylon sousae A.Fern. & R.Fern. accepted as Warneckea sousae (A.Fern. & R.Fern.) A.E.van Wyk, present

Warneckea

Genus Warneckea:[5]

  • Warneckea parvifolia R.D.Stone & Ntetha, endemic
  • Warneckea sousae (A.Fern. & R.Fern.) A.E.van Wyk, indigenous

Myrtaceae

Family: Myrtaceae,[5]

Agonis

Genus Agonis:[5]

Baeckea

Genus Baeckea:[5]

  • Baeckea africana Burm.f. accepted as Brunia africana (Burm.f.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. endemic
  • Baeckea cordata Burm.f. accepted as Brunia cordata (Burm.f.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H.Oliv. indigenous

Callistemon

Genus Callistemon:[5]

Calothamnus

Genus Calothamnus:[5]

Corymbia

Genus Corymbia:[5]

  • Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised
  • Corymbia ficifolia (F.Muell.) K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive

Eucalyptus

Genus Eucalyptus:[5]

Eugenia

Genus Eugenia:[5]

  • Eugenia albanensis Sond. endemic
  • Eugenia capensis (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Sond. indigenous
    • Eugenia capensis (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Sond. subsp. a, indigenous
    • Eugenia capensis (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Sond. subsp. capensis, indigenous
    • Eugenia capensis (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Sond. subsp. gueinzii (Sond.) F.White, endemic
  • Eugenia erythrophylla Strey, endemic
  • Eugenia gueinzii Sond. accepted as Eugenia capensis (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Sond. subsp. gueinzii (Sond.) F.White, present
  • Eugenia mossambicensis Engl. accepted as Eugenia capensis (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Sond. subsp. a, present
  • Eugenia natalitia Sond. indigenous
  • Eugenia pusilla N.E.Br. endemic
  • Eugenia simii Dummer, endemic
  • Eugenia umtamvunensis A.E.van Wyk, endemic
  • Eugenia uniflora L. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Eugenia verdoorniae A.E.van Wyk, endemic
  • Eugenia woodii Dummer, indigenous
  • Eugenia zeyheri (Harv.) Harv. endemic
  • Eugenia zuluensis Dummer, endemic

Leptospermum

Genus Leptospermum:[5]

Melaleuca

Genus Melaleuca:[5]

  • Melaleuca armillaris (Sol. ex Gaertn.) Sm. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised
    • Melaleuca armillaris (Sol. ex Gaertn.) Sm. subsp. armillaris, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
  • Melaleuca citrina (Curtis) Dum.Cours. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
  • Melaleuca cruenta Craven & R.D.Edwards, not indigenous, naturalised
  • Melaleuca diosmifolia Andrews, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised
  • Melaleuca elliptica Labill. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised
  • Melaleuca hypericifolia Sm. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
  • Melaleuca linearis Schrad. & J.C.Wendl. var. linearis, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
  • Melaleuca nesophila F.Muell. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised
  • Melaleuca parvistaminea Byrnes, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Melaleuca peucophylla Craven & R.D.Edwards, not indigenous, naturalised
  • Melaleuca quadrifida (R.Br.) Craven & R.D.Edwards subsp. quadrifida, not indigenous, naturalised
  • Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S.T.Blake, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
  • Melaleuca rugulosa (Schltdl. ex Link) Craven, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
  • Melaleuca salicina Craven, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised
  • Melaleuca styphelioides Sm. not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised
  • Melaleuca subulata (Cheel) Craven, not indigenous, naturalised
  • Melaleuca viminalis (Sol. ex Gaertn.) Byrnes subsp. viminalis, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive

Metrosideros

Genus Metrosideros:[5]

Myrtus

Genus Myrtus:[5]

Psidium

Genus Psidium:[5]

Syncarpia

Genus Syncarpia:[5]

Syzygium

Genus Syzygium:[5]

  • Syzygium australe (J.C.Wendl. ex Link) B.Hyland, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
  • Syzygium cordatum Hochst. ex C.Krauss, indigenous
    • Syzygium cordatum Hochst. ex C.Krauss subsp. cordatum, indigenous
  • Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
  • Syzygium gerrardii (Harv. ex Hook.f.) Burtt Davy, indigenous
  • Syzygium guineense (Willd.) DC. indigenous
    • Syzygium guineense (Willd.) DC. subsp. barotsense F.White, indigenous
    • Syzygium guineense (Willd.) DC. subsp. guineense, indigenous
  • Syzygium intermedium Engl. & Brehmer, indigenous
  • Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Syzygium legatii Burtt Davy & Greenway, endemic
  • Syzygium pondoense Engl. endemic

Oliniaceae

Family: Oliniaceae,[5]

Cremastostemon

Genus Cremastostemon:[5]

  • Cremastostemon capensis Jacq. accepted as Olinia capensis (Jacq.) Klotzsch, indigenous

Olinia

Genus Olinia:[5]

  • Olinia acuminata Klotzsch, accepted as Olinia capensis (Jacq.) Klotzsch, indigenous
  • Olinia capensis (Jacq.) Klotzsch, endemic
  • Olinia cymosa (L.f.) Thunb. accepted as Olinia ventosa (L.) Cufod. indigenous
    • Olinia cymosa (L.f.) Thunb. var. acuminata (Klotzsch) Sond. accepted as Olinia capensis (Jacq.) Klotzsch, indigenous
  • Olinia cymosa (L.f.) Thunb. var. latifolia Sond. accepted as Olinia ventosa (L.) Cufod. indigenous
  • Olinia emarginata Burtt Davy, indigenous
  • Olinia huillensis Welw. ex A.Fern. & R.Fern. indigenous
    • Olinia huillensis Welw. ex A.Fern. & R.Fern. subsp. burttdavii Sebola, endemic
    • Olinia huillensis Welw. ex A.Fern. & R.Fern. subsp. huillensis, indigenous
  • Olinia micrantha Decne. endemic
  • Olinia radiata Hofmeyr & E.Phillips, endemic
  • Olinia rochetiana A.Juss. indigenous
  • Olinia ventosa (L.) Cufod. endemic

Onagraceae

Family: Onagraceae,[5]

Epilobium

Genus Epilobium:[5]

  • Epilobium capense Buchinger ex Hochst. indigenous
  • Epilobium hirsutum L. indigenous
  • Epilobium karsteniae Compton, accepted as Epilobium capense Buchinger ex Hochst.
  • Epilobium salignum Hausskn. indigenous
  • Epilobium tetragonum L. indigenous
    • Epilobium tetragonum L. subsp. tetragonum, indigenous

Gaura

Genus Gaura:[5]

Ludwigia

Genus Ludwigia:[5]

  • Ludwigia abyssinica A.Rich. indigenous
  • Ludwigia adscendens (L.) Hara, indigenous
    • Ludwigia adscendens (L.) Hara subsp. diffusa (Forssk.) P.H.Raven, indigenous
  • Ludwigia leptocarpa (Nutt.) Hara, indigenous
  • Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven, indigenous
    • Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven subsp. brevisepala (Brenan) P.H.Raven, accepted as Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven, present
    • Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven subsp. sessiliflora (Micheli) P.H.Raven, accepted as Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven, present
  • Ludwigia palustris (L.) Elliott, not indigenous, naturalised
  • Ludwigia polycarpa Short & R.Peter ex Torr. & A.Gray, not indigenous, naturalised
  • Ludwigia stolonifera (Guill. & Perr.) P.H.Raven, accepted as Ludwigia adscendens (L.) Hara subsp. diffusa (Forssk.) P.H.Raven, present

Oenothera

Genus Oenothera:[5]

  • Oenothera affinis Cambess. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Oenothera biennis L. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Oenothera drummondii Hook. subsp. drummondii, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Oenothera erythrosepala (Borbas) Borbas, accepted as Oenothera glazioviana Micheli, not indigenous, naturalised
  • Oenothera glazioviana Micheli, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Oenothera grandiflora Aiton, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Oenothera indecora Cambess. not indigenous, naturalised
    • Oenothera indecora Cambess. subsp. bonariensis W.Dietr. accepted as Oenothera indecora Cambess. not indigenous, naturalised
  • Oenothera jamesii Torr. & A.Gray, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Oenothera laciniata Hill, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Oenothera lindheimeri (Engelm. & A.Gray) W.L.Wagner & Hoch, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Oenothera longiflora L. subsp. longiflora, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Oenothera parodiana Munz, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Oenothera parviflora L. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Oenothera rosea L'Her. ex Aiton, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Oenothera sinuosa W.L.Wagner & Hoch, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Oenothera stricta Ledeb. ex Link subsp. stricta, not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Oenothera tetraptera Cav. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive
  • Oenothera villosa Thunb. not indigenous, naturalised, invasive

Penaeaceae

Family: Penaeaceae,[5]

Brachysiphon

Genus Brachysiphon:[5]

  • Brachysiphon acutus (Thunb.) A.Juss. endemic
  • Brachysiphon fucatus (L.) Gilg, endemic
  • Brachysiphon microphyllus Rourke, endemic
  • Brachysiphon mundii Sond. endemic
  • Brachysiphon rupestris Sond. endemic

Endonema

Genus Endonema:[5]

  • Endonema lateriflora (L.f.) Gilg, endemic
  • Endonema retzioides Sond. endemic

Glischrocolla

Genus Glischrocolla:[5]

  • Glischrocolla formosa (Thunb.) R.Dahlgren, endemic

Penaea

Genus Penaea:[5]

  • Penaea acutifolia A.Juss. endemic
  • Penaea cneorum Meerb. indigenous
    • Penaea cneorum Meerb. subsp. cneorum, endemic
    • Penaea cneorum Meerb. subsp. gigantea R.Dahlgren, endemic
    • Penaea cneorum Meerb. subsp. lanceolata R.Dahlgren, endemic
    • Penaea cneorum Meerb. subsp. ovata (Eckl. & Zeyh. ex A.DC.) R.Dahlgren, endemic
    • Penaea cneorum Meerb. subsp. ruscifolia R.Dahlgren, endemic
  • Penaea dahlgrenii Rourke, endemic
  • Penaea mucronata L. endemic

Saltera

Genus Saltera:[5]

Sonderothamnus

Genus Sonderothamnus:[5]

  • Sonderothamnus petraeus (W.F.Barker) R.Dahlgren, endemic
  • Sonderothamnus speciosus (Sond.) R.Dahlgren, endemic

Stylapterus

Genus Stylapterus:[5]

  • Stylapterus barbatus A.Juss. endemic
  • Stylapterus candolleanus (Steph.) R.Dahlgren, endemic
  • Stylapterus dubius (Steph.) R.Dahlgren, endemic
  • Stylapterus ericifolius (A.Juss.) R.Dahlgren, endemic
  • Stylapterus ericoides A.Juss. indigenous
    • Stylapterus ericoides A.Juss. subsp. ericoides, endemic
    • Stylapterus ericoides A.Juss. subsp. pallidus R.Dahlgren, endemic
  • Stylapterus fruticulosus (L.f.) A.Juss. endemic
  • Stylapterus micranthus R.Dahlgren, endemic
  • Stylapterus sulcatus R.Dahlgren, endemic

Rhynchocalycaceae

Family: Rhynchocalycaceae,[5]

Rhynchocalyx

Genus Rhynchocalyx:[5]

References

  1. ^ Leebens-Mack JH, Barker MS, Carpenter EJ, Deyholos MK, Gitzendanner MA, Graham SW, et al. (One Thousand Plant Transcriptomes Initiative) (October 2019). "One thousand plant transcriptomes and the phylogenomics of green plants". Nature. 574 (7780): 679–685. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1693-2. PMC 6872490. PMID 31645766.
  2. ^ Doyle, J. A.; Donoghue, M. J. (1986). "Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms - an experimental cladistic approach". Botanical Review. 52 (4): 321–431. doi:10.1007/bf02861082.
  3. ^ Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  4. ^ "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
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  • Molopo Bushveld
  • Moot Plains Bushveld
  • Mopane Basalt Shrubland
  • Mopane Gabbro Shrubland
  • Musina Mopane Bushveld
  • Ngongoni Veld
  • Norite Koppies Bushveld
  • Northern Lebombo Bushveld
  • Northern Zululand Sourveld
  • Nossob Bushveld
  • Nwambyia-Pumbe Sandy Bushveld
  • Ohrigstad Mountain Bushveld
  • Olifantshoek Plains Thornveld
  • Phalaborwa-Timbavati Mopaneveld
  • Pilanesberg Mountain Bushveld
  • Polokwane Plateau Bushveld
  • Postmasburg Thornveld
  • Poung Dolomite Mountain Bushveld
  • Pretoriuskop Sour Bushveld
  • Roodeberg Bushveld
  • Schmidtsdrif Thornveld
  • Schweizer-Reneke Bushveld
  • Sekhukhune Mountain Bushveld
  • Sekhukhune Plains Bushveld
  • South Eastern Coastal Thornveld
  • Southern Lebombo Bushveld
  • Soutpansberg Mountain Bushveld
  • Springbokvlakte Thornveld
  • Stella Bushveld
  • Swaziland Sour Bushveld
  • Tembe Sandy Bushveld
  • Thukela Thornveld
  • Thukela Valley Bushveld
  • Tsende Mopaneveld
  • Tshokwane-Hlane Basalt Lowveld
  • Tzaneen Sour Bushveld
  • Vaalbos Rocky Shrubland
  • VhaVenda Miombo
  • Waterberg Mountain Bushveld
  • Western Maputaland Clay Bushveld
  • Western Maputaland Sandy Bushveld
  • Western Sandy Bushveld
  • Zeerust Thornveld
  • Zululand Coastal Thornveld
  • Zululand Lowveld
Grassland
  • Aliwal North Dry Grassland
  • Amathole Mistbelt Grassland
  • Amathole Montane Grassland
  • Amersfoort Highveld Clay Grassland
  • Barberton Montane Grassland
  • Basotho Montane Shrubland
  • Bedford Dry Grassland
  • Besemkaree Koppies Shrubland
  • Bloemfontein Dry Grassland
  • Bloemfontein Karroid Shrubland
  • Carletonville Dolomite Grassland
  • Central Free State Grassland
  • Drakensberg Afroalpine Heathland
  • Drakensberg Foothill Moist Grassland
  • Drakensberg-Amathole Afromontane Fynbos
  • East Griqualand Grassland
  • Eastern Free State Clay Grassland
  • Eastern Free State Sandy Grassland
  • Eastern Highveld Grassland
  • Egoli Granite Grassland
  • Frankfort Highveld Grassland
  • Income Sandy Grassland
  • Ithala Quartzite Sourveld
  • KaNgwane Montane Grassland
  • Karoo Escarpment Grassland
  • Klerksdorp Thornveld
  • KwaZulu-Natal Highland Thornveld
  • Leolo Summit Sourveld
  • Lesotho Highland Basalt Grassland
  • Low Escarpment Moist Grassland
  • Lydenburg Montane Grassland
  • Lydenburg Thornveld
  • Mabela Sandy Grassland
  • Midlands Mistbelt Grassland
  • Mooi River Highland Grassland
  • Mthatha Moist Grassland
  • Northern Drakensberg Highland Grassland
  • Northern Escarpment Afromontane Fynbos
  • Northern Escarpment Dolomite Grassland
  • Northern Escarpment Quartzite Sourveld
  • Northern Free State Shrubland
  • Northern KwaZulu-Natal Moist Grassland
  • Northern KwaZulu-Natal Shrubland
  • Northern Zululand Mistbelt Grassland
  • Paulpietersburg Moist Grassland
  • Queenstown Thornveld
  • Rand Highveld Grassland
  • Sekhukhune Montane Grassland
  • Senqu Montane Shrubland
  • Southern Drakensberg Highland Grassland
  • Southern KwaZulu-Natal Moist Grassland
  • Soutpansberg Summit Sourveld
  • Soweto Highveld Grassland
  • Steenkampsberg Montane Grassland
  • Stormberg Plateau Grassland
  • Strydpoort Summit Sourveld
  • Tarkastad Montane Shrubland
  • Tsakane Clay Grassland
  • Tsomo Grassland
  • uKhahlamba Basalt Grassland
  • Vaal Reefs Dolomite Sinkhole Woodland
  • Vaal-Vet Sandy Grassland
  • Vredefort Dome Granite Grassland
  • Wakkerstroom Montane Grassland
  • Waterberg-Magaliesberg Summit Sourveld
  • Western Free State Clay Grassland
  • Western Highveld Sandy Grassland
  • Western Lesotho Basalt Shrubland
  • Winburg Grassy Shrubland
  • Wolkberg Dolomite Grassland
  • Woodbush Granite Grassland
  • Xhariep Karroid Grassland
  • Zastron Moist Grassland
Fynbos
  • Agulhas Limestone Fynbos
  • Agulhas Sand Fynbos
  • Albertinia Sand Fynbos
  • Algoa Sandstone Fynbos
  • Atlantis Sand Fynbos
  • Bokkeveld Sandstone Fynbos
  • Boland Granite Fynbos
  • Breede Alluvium Fynbos
  • Breede Quartzite Fynbos
  • Breede Sand Fynbos
  • Breede Shale Fynbos
  • Canca Limestone Fynbos
  • Cape Flats Sand Fynbos
  • Cape Winelands Shale Fynbos
  • Cederberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • Central Coastal Shale Band Vegetation
  • Central Inland Shale Band Vegetation
  • De Hoop Limestone Fynbos
  • Eastern Coastal Shale Band Vegetation
  • Eastern Inland Shale Band Vegetation
  • Elgin Shale Fynbos
  • Elim Ferricrete Fynbos
  • Garden Route Granite Fynbos
  • Garden Route Shale Fynbos
  • Graafwater Sandstone Fynbos
  • Greyton Shale Fynbos
  • Grootrivier Quartzite Fynbos
  • Hangklip Sand Fynbos
  • Hawequas Sandstone Fynbos
  • Hopefield Sand Fynbos
  • Kamiesberg Granite Fynbos
  • Kango Conglomerate Fynbos
  • Knysna Sand Fynbos
  • Kogelberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • Kouebokkeveld Alluvium Fynbos
  • Kouebokkeveld Shale Fynbos
  • Kouga Grassy Sandstone Fynbos
  • Kouga Sandstone Fynbos
  • Leipoldtville Sand Fynbos
  • Loerie Conglomerate Fynbos
  • Lourensford Alluvium Fynbos
  • Matjiesfontein Quartzite Fynbos
  • Matjiesfontein Shale Fynbos
  • Montagu Shale Fynbos
  • Namaqualand Sand Fynbos
  • North Hex Sandstone Fynbos
  • North Kammanassie Sandstone Fynbos
  • North Langeberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • North Outeniqua Sandstone Fynbos
  • North Rooiberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • North Sonderend Sandstone Fynbos
  • North Swartberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • Northern Inland Shale Band Vegetation
  • Olifants Sandstone Fynbos
  • Overberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • Peninsula Granite Fynbos
  • Peninsula Sandstone Fynbos
  • Piketberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • Potberg Ferricrete Fynbos
  • Potberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • Robertson Granite Fynbos
  • South Hex Sandstone Fynbos
  • South Kammanassie Sandstone Fynbos
  • South Langeberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • South Outeniqua Sandstone Fynbos
  • South Rooiberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • South Sonderend Sandstone Fynbos
  • South Swartberg Sandstone Fynbos
  • Southern Cape Dune Fynbos
  • Stinkfonteinberge Quartzite Fynbos
  • Suurberg Quartzite Fynbos
  • Suurberg Shale Fynbos
  • Swartberg Altimontane Sandstone Fynbos
  • Swartberg Shale Fynbos
  • Swartland Alluvium Fynbos
  • Swartruggens Quartzite Fynbos
  • Swellendam Silcrete Fynbos
  • Tsitsikamma Sandstone Fynbos
  • Western Altimontane Sandstone Fynbos
  • Western Coastal Shale Band Vegetation
  • Winterhoek Sandstone Fynbos
Renosterveld
  • Baviaanskloof Shale Renosterveld
  • Breede Alluvium Renosterveld
  • Breede Shale Renosterveld
  • Central Mountain Shale Renosterveld
  • Central Ruêns Shale Renosterveld
  • Ceres Shale Renosterveld
  • Eastern Ruêns Shale Renosterveld
  • Hantam Plateau Dolerite Renosterveld
  • Humansdorp Shale Renosterveld
  • Kango Limestone Renosterveld
  • Langkloof Shale Renosterveld
  • Matjiesfontein Shale Renosterveld
  • Montagu Shale Renosterveld
  • Mossel Bay Shale Renosterveld
  • Namaqualand Granite Renosterveld
  • Nieuwoudtville Shale Renosterveld
  • Nieuwoudtville-Roggeveld Dolerite Renosterveld
  • Peninsula Shale Renosterveld
  • Robertson Granite Renosterveld
  • Roggeveld Shale Renosterveld
  • Ruêns Silcrete Renosterveld
  • Swartberg Shale Renosterveld
  • Swartland Alluvium Renosterveld
  • Swartland Granite Renosterveld
  • Swartland Shale Renosterveld
  • Swartland Silcrete Renosterveld
  • Uniondale Shale Renosterveld
  • Vanrhynsdorp Shale Renosterveld
  • Western Ruêns Shale Renosterveld
Succulent
Karoo
  • Aggeneys Gravel Vygieveld
  • Agter-Sederberg Shrubland
  • Anenous Plateau Shrubland
  • Bushmanland Inselberg Shrubland
  • Central Knersvlakte Vygieveld
  • Central Richtersveld Mountain Shrubland
  • Citrusdal Vygieveld
  • Die Plate Succulent Shrubland
  • Doringrivier Quartzite Karoo
  • Eastern Little Karoo
  • Eenriet Plains Succulent Shrubland
  • Goariep Mountain Succulent Shrubland
  • Hantam Karoo
  • Kamiesberg Mountains Shrubland
  • Klawer Sandy Shrubland
  • Knersvlakte Dolomite Vygieveld
  • Knersvlakte Quartz Vygieveld
  • Knersvlakte Shale Vygieveld
  • Koedoesberge-Moordenaars Karoo
  • Kosiesberg Succulent Shrubland
  • Lekkersing Succulent Shrubland
  • Little Karoo Quartz Vygieveld
  • Namaqualand Arid Grassland
  • Namaqualand Blomveld
  • Namaqualand Coastal Duneveld
  • Namaqualand Heuweltjie Strandveld
  • Namaqualand Heuweltjieveld
  • Namaqualand Inland Duneveld
  • Namaqualand Klipkoppe Shrubland
  • Namaqualand Shale Shrubland
  • Namaqualand Spinescent Grassland
  • Namaqualand Strandveld
  • Northern Knersvlakte Vygieveld
  • Northern Richtersveld Scorpionstailveld
  • Northern Richtersveld Yellow Duneveld
  • Oograbies Plains Sandy Grassland
  • Piketberg Quartz Succulent Shrubland
  • Platbakkies Succulent Shrubland
  • Prince Albert Succulent Karoo
  • Richtersveld Coastal Duneveld
  • Richtersveld Red Duneveld
  • Richtersveld Sandy Coastal Scorpionstailveld
  • Riethuis-Wallekraal Quartz Vygieveld
  • Robertson Karoo
  • Roggeveld Karoo
  • Rooiberg Quartz Vygieveld
  • Rosyntjieberg Succulent Shrubland
  • Southern Namaqualand Quartzite Klipkoppe Shrubland
  • Southern Richtersveld Inselberg Shrubland
  • Southern Richtersveld Scorpionstailveld
  • Southern Richtersveld Yellow Duneveld
  • Steytlerville Karoo
  • Stinkfonteinberge Eastern Apron Shrubland
  • Swartruggens Quartzite Karoo
  • Tanqua Escarpment Shrubland
  • Tanqua Karoo
  • Tatasberg Mountain Succulent Shrubland
  • Umdaus Mountains Succulent Shrubland
  • Upper Annisvlakte Succulent Shrubland
  • Vanrhynsdorp Gannabosveld
  • Vyftienmyl se Berge Succulent Shrubland
  • Western Bushmanland Klipveld
  • Western Gwarrieveld
  • Western Little Karoo
  • Willowmore Gwarrieveld
Albany
Thicket
and
Strandveld
  • Albany Arid Thicket
  • Albany Bontveld
  • Albany Mesic Thicket
  • Albany Valley Thicket
  • Baviaans Valley Thicket
  • Bethelsdorp Bontveld
  • Blombos Strandveld
  • Buffels Mesic Thicket
  • Buffels Valley Thicket
  • Cape Flats Dune Strandveld
  • Crossroads Grassland Thicket
  • Doubledrift Karroid Thicket
  • Eastern Gwarrieveld
  • Elands Forest Thicket
  • Escarpment Arid Thicket
  • Escarpment Mesic Thicket
  • Escarpment Valley Thicket
  • Fish Arid Thicket
  • Fish Mesic Thicket
  • Fish Valley Thicket
  • Gamka Arid Thicket
  • Gamka Valley Thicket
  • Geluk Grassland Thicket
  • Goukamma Dune Thicket
  • Gouritz Valley Thicket
  • Grahamstown Grassland Thicket
  • Grassridge Bontveld
  • Groot Brak Dune Strandveld
  • Hamburg Dune Thicket
  • Hartenbos Dune Thicket
  • Kasouga Dune Thicket
  • Koedoeskloof Karroid Thicket
  • Lambert's Bay Strandveld
  • Langebaan Dune Strandveld
  • Mons Ruber Fynbos Thicket
  • Motherwell Karroid Thicket
  • Nanaga Savanna Thicket
  • Oudshoorn Karroid Thicket
  • Overberg Dune Strandveld
  • Saldanha Flats Strandveld
  • Saldanha Granite Strandveld
  • Saldanha Limestone Strandveld
  • Saltaire Karroid Thicket
  • Sardinia Forest Thicket
  • St Francis Dune Thicket
  • Subtropical Dune Thicket
  • Sundays Arid Thicket
  • Sundays Mesic Thicket
  • Sundays Valley Thicket
  • Thorndale Forest Thicket
  • Umtiza Forest Thicket
  • Vanstadens Forest Thicket
  • Western Gwarrieveld
  • Willowmore Gwarrieveld
Nama
Karoo
and
desert
  • Albany Broken Veld
  • Blouputs Karroid Thornveld
  • Bushmanland Arid Grassland
  • Bushmanland Basin Shrubland
  • Bushmanland Sandy Grassland
  • Eastern Lower Karoo
  • Eastern Upper Karoo
  • Gamka Karoo
  • Kalahari Karroid Shrubland
  • Lower Gariep Broken Veld
  • Lower Karoo Gwarrieveld
  • Northern Upper Karoo
  • Upper Karoo Hardeveld
  • Western Upper Karoo
  • Alexander Bay Coastal Duneveld
  • Eastern Gariep Plains Desert
  • Eastern Gariep Rocky Desert
  • Helskloof Canyon Desert
  • Kahams Mountain Desert
  • Kwaggarug Mountain Desert
  • Namib Lichen Fields
  • Noms Mountain Desert
  • Northern Nababiepsberge Mountain Desert
  • Richtersberg Mountain Desert
  • Richtersveld Sheet Wash Desert
  • Southern Nababiepsberge Mountain Desert
  • Western Gariep Hills Desert
  • Western Gariep Lowland Desert
  • Western Gariep Plains Desert
Azonal
  • Albany Alluvial Vegetation
  • Albany Dune Strandveld
  • Algoa Dune Strandveld
  • Arid Estuarine Salt Marshes
  • Bushmanland Vloere
  • Cape Estuarine Salt Marshes
  • Cape Inland Salt Pans
  • Cape Lowland Alluvial Vegetation
  • Cape Lowland Freshwater Wetlands
  • Cape Seashore Vegetation
  • Cape Vernal Pools
  • Drakensberg Wetlands
  • Eastern Temperate Freshwater Wetlands
  • Fynbos Riparian Vegetation
  • Highveld Alluvial Vegetation
  • Highveld Salt Pans
  • Lesotho Mires
  • Lower Gariep Alluvial Vegetation
  • Muscadel Riviere
  • Namaqualand Riviere
  • Namaqualand Salt Pans
  • Namaqualand Seashore Vegetation
  • Namib Seashore Vegetation
  • Southern Kalahari Mekgacha
  • Southern Kalahari Salt Pans
  • Southern Karoo Riviere
  • Subantarctic Kelp Bed Vegetation
  • Subtropical Alluvial Vegetation
  • Subtropical Dune Thicket
  • Subtropical Estuarine Salt Marshes
  • Subtropical Freshwater Wetlands
  • Subtropical Salt Pans
  • Subtropical Seashore Vegetation
  • Tanqua Wash Riviere
  • Upper Gariep Alluvial Vegetation
Forest
and
Coastal
belt
  • KwaZulu-Natal Coastal Belt
  • Maputaland Coastal Belt
  • Maputaland Wooded Grassland
  • Pondoland-Natal Sandstone Coastal Sourveld
  • Transkei Coastal Belt
  • Ironwood Dry Forest
  • Lowveld Riverine Forest
  • Mangrove Forest
  • Northern Afrotemperate Forest
  • Northern Coastal Forest
  • Northern Mistbelt Forest
  • Sand Forest
  • Scarp Forest
  • Southern Afrotemperate Forest
  • Southern Coastal Forest
  • Southern Mistbelt Forest
  • Swamp Forest
Subantarctic
biome
  • Subantarctic Biotic Herbfield and Grassland
  • Subantarctic Cinder Cone Vegetation
  • Subantarctic Coastal Vegetation
  • Subantarctic Drainage Line Vegetation
  • Subantarctic Fellfield
  • Subantarctic Fernbrake Vegetation
  • Subantarctic Mire
  • Subantarctic Polar Desert
not on
VEGMAP
South
African
National
Parks
Biosphere
reserves
Marine
protected
areas of
South
Africa
Coastal
Offshore
Management
organisations
Biodiversity research in SA
Research
organisations
Research
projects
Citizen science
databases
Botanical
gardens
Taxonomists
Regional biodiversity
Legislation
Publications
  • List of field guides to South African biota
  • Categories: Biodiversity of South Africa
  • Index