List of historians
This is a list of historians, but only for those with a biographical entry in Wikipedia. Major chroniclers and annalists are included and names are listed by the person's historical period. The entries continue with the specializations, not nationality.[1]
Antiquity
Greco-Roman world
Classical period
- Herodotus (484 – c. 420 BCE), Halicarnassus, wrote the Histories, which established Western historiography
- Thucydides (460 – c. 400 BCE), Peloponnesian War
- Xenophon (431 – c. 360 BCE), Athenian knight and student of Socrates
- Ctesias (early 4th century BCE), Greek historian of Assyrian, Persian, and Indian history
Hellenistic period
- Ephorus of Cyme (c. 400–330 BCE), Greek history
- Theopompus (c. 380 – c. 315 BCE), Greek history
- Eudemus of Rhodes (c. 370 – c. 300 BCE), Greek historian of science
- Ptolemy I Soter (367 – c. 283 BCE), general of Alexander the Great, founder of the Ptolemaic dynasty
- Duris of Samos (c. 350 – post-281 BCE), Greek history
- Berossus (early 3rd century BCE), Babylonian historian
- Timaeus of Tauromenium (c. 345 BCE – c. 250 BCE), Greek history
- Manetho (3rd century BCE), Egyptian historian and priest from Sebennytos (ancient Egyptian: Tjebnutjer) living in the Ptolemaic era
- Quintus Fabius Pictor (born c. 254 BCE), Roman history
- Artapanus of Alexandria (late 3rd – early 2nd centuries BCE), Jewish historian of Ptolemaic Egypt
- Cato the Elder (234–149 BCE), Roman statesman and historian, author of the Origines
- Cincius Alimentus (late 2nd century BCE), Roman history
- Gaius Acilius (fl. 155 BCE), Roman history
- Agatharchides (fl. mid–2nd century BCE), Greek history
- Polybius (203 – c. 120 BCE), early Roman history (in Greek)
- Sempronius Asellio (c. 158 – post-91 BCE), early Roman history
- Valerius Antias (1st century BCE), Roman history
- Quintus Claudius Quadrigarius (1st century BCE), Roman history
- Diodorus of Sicily (1st century BCE), Greek history
- Posidonius (c. 135 – 51 BCE), Greek and Roman history
- Theophanes of Mytilene (fl. mid 1st-century BCE), Roman history
Roman Empire
- Julius Caesar (100 – c. 44 BCE), Gallic and civil wars
- Sallust (86–34 BCE), Roman history
- Dionysius of Halicarnassus (c. 60 – post-7 BCE), Roman history
- Livy (64 BCE – 12 CE), Roman history
- Memnon of Heraclea (fl. 1st century CE), Greek and Roman history
- Strabo (63 BCE – 24 CE), geography, Greek history
- Marcus Velleius Paterculus (c. 19 BCE – c. 31 CE), Roman history
- Claudius (10 BCE – 54 CE), Roman, Etruscan and Carthaginian history
- Pamphile of Epidaurus (female historian active under Nero, r. 54–68), Greek history
- Marcus Cluvius Rufus, (fl. 41–69), Roman history
- Quintus Curtius Rufus (c. 60–70), Greek history
- Flavius Josephus (37–100), Jewish history
- Dio Chrysostom (c. 40 – c. 115 CE), history of the Getae
- Thallus (early 2nd c. CE), Roman history
- Gaius Cornelius Tacitus (c. 56–120), early Roman Empire
- Plutarch (c. 45 – 125), Parallel Lives of important Greeks and Romans
- Criton of Heraclea (fl. 100), history of the Getae and the Dacian Wars
- Suetonius (c. 69 – post-122), Roman emperors up to the Flavian dynasty
- Appian (c. 95 – c. 165), Roman history
- Arrian (c. 92–175), Greek history
- Granius Licinianus (2nd century), Roman history
- Criton of Pieria (2nd century), Greek history
- Lucius Ampelius (c. 2nd c. CE), Roman history
- Dio Cassius (c. 160 – after 229), Roman history
- Marius Maximus (c. 160 – c. 230), biography of Roman emperors
- Diogenes Laërtius (fl. c. 230), history of Greek philosophers
- Sextus Julius Africanus (c. 160 – c. 240), early Christian
- Herodian (c. 170 – c. 240), Roman history
- Publius Anteius Antiochus (early 3rd c.)
- Gaius Asinius Quadratus (fl. 248), Roman history
- Dexippus (c. 210 – 273), Roman history
- Ephorus the Younger (late 3rd century), Roman history
- Acholius (late 3rd century), Roman history
- Callinicus (died 273), history of Alexandria
- Eusebius of Caesarea (c. 275 – c. 339), early Christian
- Praxagoras of Athens (fl. early 4th century), Greek and Roman history
- Festus (fl. 370), Roman history
- Aurelius Victor (c. 320 – c. 390), Roman history
- Eutropius (died 390), Roman history
- Ammianus Marcellinus (c. 325 – c. 391), Roman history
- Virius Nicomachus Flavianus (334–394), Roman history
- Sulpicius Alexander (fl. late 4th century), Roman history
- Rufinus of Aquileia (c. 340–410), early Christian
- Eunapius (346–414), biographies of philosophers and universal history
- Orosius (c. 375 – post-418), early Christian
- Philostorgius (368 – c. 439), early Christian
- Socrates of Constantinople (c. 380 – unknown date), early Christian
- Agathangelos (5th century), Armenian history
- Priscus (5th century), Byzantine history
- Sozomen (c. 400 – c. 450), early Christian
- Theodoret (c. 393 – c. 457), early Christian
- Movses Khorenatsi (13 January 410–488), Armenian history
- Hydatius (c. 400 – c. 469), chronicler of Hispania
- Salvian (c. 400/405 – c. 493), early Christian
- Faustus of Byzantium (5th c.), Armenian history
- Ghazar Parpetsi (441– after 515), Armenian history
- Zosimus (fl. 491–518), late Roman history
- Jordanes (6th century), history of the Goths
- John Malalas (c. 491–578), Early Christian
China
- Zuo Qiuming (左丘明, 556–451 BCE), attributed author of the Zuo Zhuan, a history of Spring and Autumn period
- Sima Tan (司馬談, 165–110 BCE), began the Records of the Grand Historian, completed by his son Sima Qian
- Sima Qian (司馬遷, c. 145 – c. 86 BCE), customary father of Chinese historiography, compiled the Records of the Grand Historian
- Liu Xiang (劉向, 77–76 BCE) (Han dynasty), organized the Han imperial library
- Ban Biao (班彪, CE 3–54) (Han dynasty), began the Book of Han, completed by his son and daughter
- Ban Gu (班固, CE 32–92) (Han dynasty), compiled the Book of Han, completed by his sister Ban Zhao
- Ban Zhao (班昭, CE 45–116) (Han dynasty, China's first female historian, completed the Book of Han
- Chen Shou (陈寿, 233–297) (Jin dynasty) compiled the Records of the Three Kingdoms
- Faxian (法顯, c. 337 – c. 422), Chinese Buddhist monk and traveler, wrote an important memoir of his travels to India
- Fan Ye (范曄, 398–445), compiled the Book of Later Han
- Shen Yue (沈約, 441–513), wrote the Book of Song on the Liu Song dynasty (420–479)
Middle Ages
Byzantine sphere
- Procopius (c. 500 – c. 565), writings on reigns of Justinian and Theodora
- Constantine of Preslav (late 9th – early 10th c.), Bulgarian historian
- Nestor the Chronicler (c. 1056 – c. 1114, in Kiev), author of the Primary Chronicle
- Anna Komnene (1083–1153), Byzantine princess
- Joannes Zonaras (12th c.), Byzantine chronicler
- Nicetas Choniates (died c. 1220)
- Domentijan (1210–1264), Serbian monk and chronicler
- v
- t
- e
Byzantine historians
- Agathias
- Cyril of Scythopolis
- Eustathius of Epiphania
- Evagrius Scholasticus
- Hesychius of Miletus
- John Diakrinomenos
- John of Ephesus
- John of Epiphania
- Pseudo-Joshua the Stylite
- Pseudo-Zacharias Rhetor
- Jordanes
- John Malalas
- Liberatus of Carthage
- Marcellinus Comes
- Menander Protector
- Nonnosus
- Peter the Patrician
- Procopius
- Theodorus Lector
- Theophanes of Byzantium
- Zacharias Rhetor
- Zosimus
- John of Antioch
- Trajan the Patrician
- Theophylact Simocatta
Latin sphere
Early Middle Ages
- Gregory of Tours (538–594), A History of the Franks
- Baudovinia (fl. c. 600), Frankish nun who wrote a biography of Radegund
- Cogitosus (fl. c. 650), Irish historian
- Tírechán (fl. c. 655), Irish biographer of Saint Patrick
- Muirchu moccu Machtheni (7th c.), Irish historian
- Adamnan (625–704), Irish historian
- Bede (c. 672–735), Anglo-Saxon England
- Paul the Deacon (8th c.), Langobards
- Einhard (9th c.), biographer of Charlemagne
- Nennius (c. 9th c.), Wales
- Notker of St Gall (9th c.), anecdotal biography of Charlemagne
- Martianus Hiberniensis (819–875), Irish teacher and historian
- Asser, Bishop of Sherborne (died 908/909), Welsh historian
- Regino of Prüm (died 915)
High Middle Ages
10th century
- Widukind of Corvey (925–973), Ottonian chronicler
- Liutprand of Cremona (922–972), Byzantine affairs
- Heriger of Lobbes (925–1007), theologian and historian
- Richerus (fl. 10th century), French monk and historian
11th century
- Thietmar of Merseburg (25 July 975 – 1 December 1018), German, Polish, and Russian affairs
- Michael Psellus (1018 – c. 1078), Greek politician and historian
- Marianus Scotus (1028–1082/1083), Irish chronicler
- Michael Attaleiates (c. 1015 – c. 1080), Byzantine historian
- Guibert of Nogent (1053–1124), Benedictine historian
- Eadmer (c. 1066 – c. 1124), post-Conquest English history
- Adam of Bremen (later 11th century), historian of Scandinavia, Gesta Hammaburgensis Ecclesiae Pontificum
12th century
- Albert of Aix (fl. c. 1100), historian of the First Crusade
- Alured of Beverley (fl. 1143), English chronicler
- Ambroise (fl. 1190s), Anglo-Norman writer of verse narrative of the Third Crusade
- Anna Komnene (Anna Comnena, 1083 – post-1148), Byzantine princess and historian
- Bele Regis Notarius(late 12th century – early 13th century),Hungarian chronicler. Gesta Hungarorum.
- Florence of Worcester (died 1118), English chronicler
- Galbert of Bruges (12th century), Flemish chronicler
- Gallus Anonymus (fl. 11th – 12th centuries), Polish historian
- Geoffrey Gaimar (fl. 1130s), Anglo-Norman chronicler
- Geoffrey of Monmouth (c. 1100 – c. 1155), churchman/historian
- Geoffroi de Villehardouin (c. 1160–1212)
- Helmold of Bosau (ca. 1120 – post-1177), German chronicler
- John of Worcester (fl. 1150s), English chronicler
- Otto of Freising (c. 1114–1158), German chronicler
- Pelagius of Oviedo (died 1153), Iberian bishop/historian
- Saxo Grammaticus (12th century), Danish chronicler
- Svend Aagesen (c. 1140/1150 – unknown date), Danish historian
- Symeon of Durham (died post-1129), English chronicler
- William of Malmesbury (1095–1143), English historian
- William of Newburgh (1135–1198), English historian known as "the father of historical criticism"
- William of Tyre (c. 1128–1186)
13th century
- Giraldus Cambrensis (c. 1146 – c. 1223)
- Wincenty Kadlubek (1161–1223), Polish historian
- Adam of Eynsham (died c. 1233), English hagiographer and writer, abbot of Eynsham Abbey
- Snorri Sturluson (c. 1178–1241), Icelandic historian
- Matthew Paris (died 1259), English chronicler and illuminator
- Jans der Enikel (c. 1227 – c. 1290), Viennese historian and poet
- Templar of Tyre (c. 1230–1314), end of the Crusades
- Simon of Kéza. End of 13th century. A Hungarian chronicler. (c. 1282–1285: Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum)
Late Middle Ages
Historians of the Italian Renaissance listed under "Renaissance"
- Piers Langtoft (died c. 1307)
- Jean de Joinville (1224–1319)
- Giovanni Villani (1276–1348), Italian chronicler from Florence who wrote the Nuova Cronica
- John of Küküllő (1320–1393)
- John Clyn (fl. 1333–1349), Irish historian
- Seán Mór Ó Dubhagáin (died 1372), Irish historian
- Adhamh Ó Cianáin (died 1373)
- John of Fordun (died 1384), Scottish chronicler
- Ruaidhri Ó Cianáin (died 1387), Irish historian
- Jean Froissart (c. 1337 – c. 1405), chronicler
- Dietrich of Nieheim (c. 1345–1418), ecclesiastical history
- Christine de Pizan (c. 1365 – c. 1430), historian, poet and philosopher
- Álvar García de Santa María (1370–1460)
- Giolla Íosa Mór Mac Fhirbhisigh (fl. 1390–1418)
- John Capgrave (1393–1464)
- Alfonso de Cartagena (1396–1456)
- Enguerrand de Monstrelet (c. 1400–1453), French chronicler
- Georges Chastellain (c. 1405 or 1415–1475), Burgundian chronicler
- Thomas Basin (1412–1491), French historian
- Jan Długosz (1415–1480), Polish historian and chronicler
- Mathieu d'Escouchy (1420–1482), French chronicler
- Olivier de la Marche (1425–1502), Burgundian chronicler
- Antonio Bonfini(1424–1502), Italian chronicler
- Johannes de Thurocz(1435–1489), Hungarian chronicler
- Jean Molinet (1435–1507), French chronicler
- Cathal Óg Mac Maghnusa (1439–1498), compiler and annalist
- Philippe de Commines (1447–1511)
Islamic world
- Ibn Rustah (10th century), Persian historian and traveler
- Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi (995–1077), Persian historian and author
- Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (838–923), Persian historian
- Al-Biruni (973–1048), Persian historian
- Ibn Hayyan (987–1075), Al-Andalus historian
- Ibn Hazm (994–1064), Al-Andalus historian
- Al-Udri (born 1003), Al-Andalus historian
- Mohammed al-Baydhaq (fl. 1150), Moroccan historian
- Usamah ibn Munqidh (1095–1188)
- Ali ibn al-Athir (1160–1233)
- Abdelwahid al-Marrakushi (born 1185), Moroccan historian
- Ibn al-Khabbaza (died 1239), Moroccan historian
- Ata al-Mulk Juvayni (1226–1283), Persian historian
- Abdelaziz al-Malzuzi (died 1298), Moroccan historian
- Ibn Abi Zar (fl. 1315), Moroccan historian
- Ibn Idhari (late 13th/early 14th c.), Moroccan historian
- Rashid-al-Din Hamadani (1247–1317), Persian historian
- Abdullah Wassaf (1299–1323), Persian historian
- Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406), North African historian "of the world"
- Ismail ibn al-Ahmar (1387–1406), Moroccan historian
East Asia
- Fang Xuanling (房玄齡, 579–648, Chinese Tang dynasty) compiled the Book of Jin.
- Yao Silian (姚思廉, died 637, Chinese Tang dynasty) compiled the Book of Liang and Book of Chen.
- Wei Zheng (魏徵, 580–643), Chinese historian and lead editor of the Book of Sui
- Liu Zhiji (劉知幾, 661–721), Chinese history, author of Shitong, the first Chinese work on Chinese historiography and methods
- Ō no Yasumaro (太安万侶, died 723), Japanese chronicler and editor of Kojiki and Nihon Shoki
- Liu Xu (劉昫,888–947), Chinese historian and lead editor of Old Book of Tang
- Li Fang (李昉, 925–996), Chinese editor of Four Great Books of Song
- Song Qi (宋祁, 998–1061), Chinese historian and co-author of New Book of Tang
- Ouyang Xiu (歐陽脩, 1007–1072), Chinese historian and co-author of New Book of Tang
- Sima Guang (司馬光, 1019–1086), Chinese historiographer and politician
- Kim Bu-sik (김부식, 1075–1151), Korean historian, author of Samguk Sagi
- Il-yeon (일연, 1206–1289), Korean historian, author of Samguk Yusa
- Lê Văn Hưu (黎文休, 1230–1322), Vietnamese history
- Toqto'a (脫脫, 1314–1356) (Chinese Yuan dynasty), Mongol historian who compiled History of Song
- Song Lian (宋濂, 1310–1381) (Chinese Ming dynasty), wrote History of Yuan
- Zhu Quan (朱權, 1378–1448), Chinese history
India
- Kalhana (c. 12th century), historian of Kashmir and Indian Subcontinent
- Hemachandra (12th century), Jain polymath
- Abdul Malik Isami (14th century), Indian historian and poet
- Jonaraja (15th century) Kashmiri historian and Sanskrit poet
- Padmanābha (15th century), Indian poet and historian
- Yahya bin Ahmad Sirhindi (15th century), Delhi Sultanate
Renaissance to early modern
Renaissance Europe
- Western historians during the Italian Renaissance or Northern Renaissance; those born post-1600 listed under "early modern"
- Leonardo Bruni (1370–1444), humanist historian
- Flavio Biondo (1392–1463), humanist historian
- Philippe de Commines (1447–1511), French historian
- Robert Fabyan (died 1513), London alderman and chronicler
- Niccolò Machiavelli (1469–1527), author of Florentine Histories
- Hector Boece (1465–1536), Scottish philosopher and historian, author of Historia Gentis Scotorum
- Albert Krantz (1450–1517), German historian
- Polydore Vergil (c. 1470–1555), Tudor history
- Stephanus Brodericus (1480–1539), Croatian Hungarian bishop. Stephani Broderici narratio de praelio quo ad Mohatzium anno 1526 Ludovicus Hungariae rex periit(De conflictu Hungarorum cum Turcis ad Mohacz verissima historia)
- Francesco Guicciardini (1483–1540), historian of the Italian Wars, "Storia d'Italia"
- Paolo Giovio (1486–1552), historian of the Italian Wars and the Renaissance Papacy, Historiae
- Paolo Sarpi (1552–1623), historian of the Council of Trent
- Olaus Magnus (c. 1490–1570), Swedish ecclesiastic
- Kaspar Helth (1490–1574), Transylvanian Saxon historian and Protestant preacher.[2]
- Nicolaus Olahus (1493–1568), Hungarian/Wallachian chronicler.[3] H
- João de Barros (1496–1570), Portuguese historian
- Aegidius Tschudi (1505–1572), Swiss historian
- Oliver Mathews (c. 1520–c. 1618), Welsh chronicler
- Josias Simmler (1530–1576), Swiss classicist
- Ferenc Forgách, Bishop of Várad (1530–1577), Hungarian historian
- Arild Huitfeldt (1546–1609), Denmark
- Raphael Holinshed (died c. 1580), chronicler, source for Shakespeare plays
- Caesar Baronius (1538–1607), ecclesiastical historian
- Sigismund von Herberstein (1486–1566), Muscovite affairs
- Miklós Istvánffy (1538–1615) Hungarian historian[4]
- Paolo Paruta (1540–1598), Venetian historian
- Garcilaso de la Vega (1539–1616), Spanish historian of Inca history
- Pilip Ballach Ó Duibhgeannáin (fl. 1579–1590). Irish historian
Early modern period
Western historians of the Early modern and Enlightenment period, c. 1600–1815
- John Hayward (1564–1627)
- James Ussher (1581–1656), chronology of the history of the world
- Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft (1581–1647), Dutch Republic
- William Bradford (1590–1657), Mayflower/Plymouth Colony of America
- Mícheál Ó Cléirigh (c. 1590–1643), Irish historian
- Thomas Fuller (1608–1661), English historian and churchman
- Tadhg Óg Ó Cianáin (died c. 1614), Irish historian
- Cú Choigcríche Ó Cléirigh (Peregrine O'Clery) (died c. 1662/1664), Irish historian
- Sir James Ware (1594–1666), Anglo-Irish historian and antiquarian
- Arthur Wilson (1595–1652), 16th-century Britain
- Placido Puccinelli (1609–1685), Italian historian
- Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange (1610–1688), Medieval and Byzantine historian and philologist
- Mary Bonaventure Browne (c. 1610 – c. 1670), Poor Clare and Irish historian
- Peregrine Ó Duibhgeannain (fl. 1627–1636), Irish historian
- Ruaidhrí Ó Flaithbheartaigh (1629–1716/1718), Irish historian
- Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de Tillemont (1637–1698), ecclesiastical historian
- Christoph Cellarius (1638–1707), German universal historian
- John Strype (1643–1737), English historian
- Thomas Rymer (c. 1643–1713), English historian and antiquary
- Dubhaltach MacFhirbhisigh (fl. 1643–1671), Irish historian, annalist, genealogist
- Geoffrey Keating/Seathrún Céitinn (died 1643), Irish historian
- Đorđe Branković (1645–1711), Serbian history
- Josiah Burchett (1666–1746), British naval historian and CEmiralty official
- Laurence Echard (c. 1670–1730), England
- Ludovico Antonio Muratori (1672–1750), Italy
- Manuel Teles da Silva, 3rd Marquis of Alegrete (1682–1736), Portuguese historian
- Matthias Bel (1684–1749), Lutheran pastor and polymath from Kingdom of Hungary[5]
- Moses Williams (1685–1742), Welsh scholar and antiquarian
- Archibald Bower (1686–1766), historian of Rome
- Vasily Tatishchev (1686–1750), first historian of modern Russia
- Giambattista Vico (1688–1744), Italian historian, first modern philosopher of history
- Voltaire (1694–1778), writer on Europe and France
- Johann Lorenz Von Mosheim (1694–1755), Lutheran historian
- Charlotta Frölich (1698–1770), Swedish historian
- Francis Blomefield (1705–1752), historian of Norfolk, England
- David Hume (1711–1776), History of England
- Thomas Hutchinson (1711–1780), colonial Massachusetts
- Francisco Jose Freire (1719–1773), Portuguese historian and philologist
- William Robertson (1721–1793), Scottish historian
- György Pray (1723–1801), Hungarian abbot and historian
- Zaharije Orfelin (1726–1785), Austrian Serb historian
- Johann Christoph Gatterer (1727–1799), German historian
- Edward Hasted (1732–1812), English antiquarian and Kent historian
- Mikhail Shcherbatov (1733–1790), Russian historian
- August Ludwig von Schlözer (1735–1809), German historian
- John Barrow (fl. 1735–1774), English naval historian and geographer
- Edward Gibbon (1737–1794), Roman Empire and Byzantium
- Alexander Hewat (or Hewatt) (1739–1824), colonial Carolina and Georgia
- Benjamin Incledon (1730–1796), English antiquary and school historian
- Philip Yorke (1743–1804), Welsh historian and politician
- Johann Gottfried Herder (1744–1803), philosophy of the history of mankind
- Fray Íñigo Abbad y Lasierra (1745–1813), Spanish historian
- David Ramsay (1749–1815), American Revolution; South Carolina
- Johannes von Müller (1752–1809), Switzerland
- Pauline de Lézardière (1754–1835), French law historian
- Anton Tomaz Linhart (1756–1795), known for Slovenian history
- Friedrich Schiller (1759–1805), German historian
- Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin (1766–1826), Russian historian, Russian Empire
- György Fejér (1766–1851) Hungarian author[6]
- Francesco Maria Appendini (1768–1837), Italian historian, Republic of Ragusa
- Ernst Moritz Arndt (1769–1860), German historian
Middle East and Islamic Empires
- Abd al-Qadir Bada'uni (1540–1615), Indo-Persian historian
- Ahmad Ibn al-Qadi (1553–1616), Moroccan historian
- Abd al-Aziz al-Fishtali (1549–1621), Moroccan historian
- Bahrey (born 1593), Ethiopian monk and historian; wrote Zenahu le Galla (History of the Galla, now the Oromo)
- Abd al-Rahman al-Fasi (1631–1685), Moroccan historian
- Mohammed al-Ifrani (1670–1745), Moroccan historian
- Mohammed al-Qadiri (1712–1773), Moroccan historian
- Abu al-Qasim al-Zayyani (1734–1833), Moroccan historian and poet
- Sulayman al-Hawwat (1747–1816), Moroccan historian
- Mohammed al-Duayf (born 1752), Moroccan historian
- Abbasgulu Bakikhanov (1794–1847), history of Azerbaijan and the Middle East
- George Grote (1794–1871), classical Greece
- Teimuraz Bagrationi (1782–1846), history of Georgia and the Caucasus
- Mohammed Akensus (1797–1877), Moroccan historian
- Ahmad ibn Abi Diyaf (1804–1874), Tunisian historian
East Asia
- Qian Qianyi (銭謙益, 1582–1664, late Chinese Ming dynasty)
- Zhang Tingyu (張廷玉, 1672–1755, Chinese Qing dynasty) compiled the History of Ming.
- Qian Daxin (錢大昕, 1728–1804, Chinese Qing dynasty)
- Chang Hsüeh-ch'eng (章學誠, 1738–1801), Chinese historian, local histories and essays on historiography
- Yu Deuk-gong (유득공, 1749–1807), Korean historian
Modern historians
Historians flourishing post-1815, born post-1770
- Lucy Aikin (1781–1864), English historical writer and biographer
- Archibald Alison (1792–1867), English historian
- Thomas Arnold (1795–1842), English historian and educator
- Thomas Carlyle (1795–1881), French Revolution, Germany
- Simonas Daukantas (1793–1864), Lithuanian
- Charles Dezobry (1798–1871), French historian and historical novelist
- John Colin Dunlop (c. 1785–1842), Scottish historian
- George Finlay (1799–1875), Greece
- Erik Gustaf Geijer (1783–1847), Swedish nationalist historian
- François Guizot (1787–1874), French historian of general French, English history
- Henry Hallam (1777–1859), Medieval European history
- Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770–1831), German philosopher of history
- Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835), German historian and polymath
- Joachim Lelewel (1786–1861), Polish historian
- Heinrich Leo (1799–1878), Prussian historian
- John Lingard (1771–1851), England
- Louis Gabriel Michaud (1773–1858), French
- Jules Michelet (1798–1874), French
- François Mignet (1796–1884), French historian of the Revolution, Middle Ages
- Christian Molbech (1783–1857), Danish history, founder of Historisk Tidsskrift (1839)
- John Neal (1793–1876), US Revolutionary War[7] and US literature[8]
- Barthold Georg Niebuhr (1776–1831), German historian
- František Palacký (1798–1876), Czech
- William H. Prescott (1796–1859), US historian of Spain, Mexico, Peru
- Leopold von Ranke (1795–1886), European diplomacy; influential German historian
- Adolphe Thiers (1797–1877), French historian of the Revolution, Empire
- George Tucker (1775–1861), US history
Historians born in the 19th century
A
- Lord Acton (1834–1902), Europe
- Henry Adams (1838–1918), US 1800–1816
- Lucia H. Faxon Additon (1847–1919), Oregon
- Grace Aguilar (1816–1847), Jewish history
- Robert G. Albion (1896–1983), maritime
- Charles McLean Andrews (1863–1943), US; US colonial history
- Marie Célestine Amélie d'Armaillé (1830–1918), France
- Alfred von Arneth (1819–1897), history of the Austrian Empire
- Mikhail Artamonov (1898–1972), founder of Khazar studies
- William Ashley (1860–1927), British economic history
- Octave Aubry (1881–1946)
- François Victor Alphonse Aulard (1849–1928), French Revolution and Napoleon I
- Zurab Avalishvili (1876–1944), history of Georgia and the Caucasus
B
- Jacques Bainville (1879–1936), France
- George Bancroft (1800–1891), U.S. to 1789
- Hubert Howe Bancroft (1832–1918), Native Americans and the Western United States
- R. Mildred Barker (1897–1990), Shakers, religion
- Harry Elmer Barnes (1889–1968), World War I; ideas
- Wilhelm Barthold (1869–1930), Muslim and Turkic studies
- Charles Bean (1879–1968), Australia in World War I
- Charles A. Beard (1874–1948), US, economic interpretation, historiography
- Mary Ritter Beard (1876–1958), US, women's history
- Carl L. Becker (1873–1945), Enlightenment
- Winthrop Pickard Bell (1884–1965), Nova Scotia
- Hilaire Belloc (1870–1953), Europe
- Ella A. Bigelow (1849–1917), Massachusetts, U.S.
- Isabella Margaret Elizabeth Blandin (1838–1912), U.S.
- Marc Bloch (1886–1944), medieval France; Annales School
- Herbert Eugene Bolton (1870–1953), Spanish-US borderlands
- Erich Brandenburg (1868–1946), Modern Germany
- George Williams Brown (1894–1963), Canada
- Otto Brunner (1898–1982), medieval and early modern Austria
- Geoffrey Bruun (1899–1988), Europe
- Arthur Bryant (1888–1985), Pepys; English warfare
- James Bryce, (1838–1922), Europe, America, Middle East
- Henry Thomas Buckle (1821–1862), England, History of Civilization
- Jacob Burckhardt (1818–1897), art history, Europe, Renaissance
- John Hill Burton (1809–1881), Scottish Jacobin history
- J. B. Bury (1861–1927), classical, Europe
C
- Helen Cam (1885–1968), English medieval
- Pierre Caron (1875–1952), French revolution
- E. H. Carr (1892–1982), Soviet history, methodology
- Henri Raymond Casgrain (1831–1904), French Canada
- Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1828–1897), Spanish historian
- Américo Castro (1885–1972), Spanish identity
- Bruce Catton (1899–1978), American Civil War
- Cesar de Bazancourt (1810–1865), Crimean War
- Nirad C. Chaudhuri (1897–1999), India
- Boris Chicherin (1828–1904), Russian historian, history of Russian law
- Hiram M. Chittenden (1858–1917), US West, fur trade
- Winston Churchill (1874–1965), world wars, British Empire
- Augustin Cochin (1876–1916), French Revolution
- Stephen F. Cohen (1938–2020), Russia
- R. G. Collingwood (1889–1943), philosophy of history
- Christopher Dawson (1889–1970), historian and interdisciplinarian
- Julian Corbett (1854–1922), British naval
- Vladimir Ćorović (1885–1941), Serbia
- Avery Craven (1885–1980), US South
- Edward Shepherd Creasy (1812–1878), warfare
- Benedetto Croce (1866–1952), historiography
- Margaret Campbell Speke Cruwys (1894–1968), Devon
- John Shelton Curtiss (1899–1983), Soviet Union
D
- Felix Dahn (1834–1912), medieval
- Angie Debo (1890–1988), Native American and Oklahoma history
- Léopold Delisle (1826–1910), French historian and librarian
- Bernard DeVoto (1897–1955), US West
- Margarita Diez-Colunje y Pombo (1838–1919), Colombia
- Edith Dobie (1887–1975), Great Britain
- William Dodd (1869–1940), US South
- David C. Douglas (1898–1982), Norman England
- Johann Gustav Droysen (1808–1884), German history
- Sir George Dunbar (1878–1962), India
- Ariel Durant (1898–1981), Europe
- Will Durant (1885–1981), Europe
E
- Norbert Elias (1897–1990), process of civilization
- Ephraim Emerton (1851–1935), medieval Europe
- Friedrich Engels (1820–1895), historical materialism
F
- Cyril Falls (1888–1971), military, world wars
- Lucien Febvre (1878–1956), France
- Keith Feiling (1884–1977), England, conservatism
- Herbert Feis (1893–1972), World War II diplomacy, international finance
- Charles Harding Firth (1857–1936), 17th-century England
- Herbert A. L. Fisher (1865–1940)
- Walter Lynwood Fleming (1874–1932), US reconstruction
- Vilmos Fraknói (27 February 1843 – 20 November 1924), Hungarian historian and expert in Hungarian ecclesiastical history e. g. Popes and Hungarian kings diplomatic relations
- Edward Augustus Freeman (1823–1892), English politics
- Egon Friedell (1878–1938), cultural history of the modern age
- James Anthony Froude (1818–1894), Tudor England
- J. F. C. Fuller (1878–1966), military
- Frantz Funck-Brentano (1862–1947), France
- John Sydenham Furnivall (1878–1960), Burma, Southeast Asia
- Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges (1830–1889), antiquity, France
G
- François-Louis Ganshof (1895–1980), medieval history
- Samuel Rawson Gardiner (1829–1902), 17th-century England
- Alice Gardner (1854–1927), ancient history
- Luise Gerbing (1855–1927), history of Thuringia
- Pieter Geyl (1887–1966), Dutch
- Lawrence Henry Gipson (1882–1970), British Empire before 1775
- Arthur Giry (1848–1899), diplomacy
- Gustave Glotz (1862–1935), Ancient Greece
- George Peabody Gooch (1873–1968), modern diplomacy
- Antonio Gramsci (1891–1937), political history
- Timofey Granovsky (1813–1855), medieval Germany
- Elizabeth Caroline Gray (1800–1887), Etruscan history
- John Richard Green (1837–1883), English
- Mary Anne Everett Green (1818–1895), English
- Arthur Griffiths (1838–1908), military history
- Lionel Groulx (1878–1967), Quebec
- René Grousset (1885–1952), Oriental history
H
- Élie Halévy (1870–1937), modern Britain
- Louis Halphen (1880–1950), Middle Ages
- Clarence H. Haring (1885–1960), Latin American history
- B. H. Liddell Hart (1895–1970), military
- Charles H. Haskins (1870–1937), medieval
- Henri Hauser (1866–1946), French historian, economist, geographer
- Julien Havet (1853–1893), Middle Ages
- Paul Hazard (1878–1944), modern France
- Eli Heckscher (1879–1954), Swedish economic historian
- Auguste Himly (1823–1906), French historian and geographer
- Otto Hintze (1861–1940), Germany
- Mihály Horváth (1809–1878), Hungary
- Henry Hoyle Howorth (1842–1923), British historian and geologist
- Mykhailo Hrushevsky (1866–1934), Ukrainian historian
- Johan Huizinga (1872–1945), Dutch historian, author of Waning of the Middle Ages
I
- Ibn Zaydan (1873–1946), Moroccan historian
- Dmitry Ilovaisky (1832–1920), Russian history
- Marilla Baker Ingalls (US, 1828–1902), Burmese missionary and historian
- Harold Innis (1894–1952), Canadian economic history
J
- Mohammed ibn Jaafar al-Kattani (1858–1927), Moroccan
- Muhammad Jaber (1875–1945), history of the Levant and the Middle-East
- William James (1780–1827), historian of the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic Wars
- Ivane Javakhishvili (1876–1940), Georgian historian
- Arthur Johnson (1845–1927), historian at Oxford University
- Ellen Jørgensen (1877–1948), Danish historian and historiographer
- J. B. Bury (1851–1927), Anglo-Irish historian of the Medieval Roman epoch.
K
- Samuel Kamakau (1815–1876), Hawaiian historian
- Konstantin Kavelin (1818–1885), Russian historian, history of Russian laws
- François Christophe Edmond de Kellermann (1802–1868), French political historian
- Hans Kelsen (1881–1973), legal
- Philip Moore Callow Kermode (1855–1932), Manx crosses and runic inscriptions
- Erenzhen Khara-Davan (1883–1942), Russian-Kalmyk historian
- Alexander William Kinglake (1809–1891), works on the Crimean War
- William Kingsford (1819–1898), Canadian
- Vasily Klyuchevsky (1841–1911), Russian history
- David Knowles (1896–1974), English medieval
- Lilian Knowles (1870–1926), English economic historian
- Dudley Wright Knox (1877–1960), US naval historian
- Ludwig von Köchel (1800–1877), writer, botanist and music historian
- Mihail Kogălniceanu (1817–1891), Romanian
- Hans Kohn (1891–1971), European nationalism
- Nikodim Kondakov (1844–1925), Byzantine art
- Mehmet Fuad Köprülü (1890–1966), Turkish historian
- Mykola Kostomarov (1817–1885), Russian and Ukrainian history
- Peter Kropotkin (1842–1921), economics, sociology and political history
- Godefroid Kurth (1847–1916), Belgian historian
L
- Leonard Woods Labaree (1897–1980), editor of the Benjamin Franklin papers
- Harold Lamb (1892–1962), US
- Karl Lamprecht (1856–1915), German art and economic history
- William L. Langer (1896–1977), US historian, world and diplomatic history
- John Knox Laughton (1830–1915), British naval historian
- Ernest Lavisse (1842–1922), French history
- William Edward Hartpole Lecky (1838–1903), England and Ireland
- Georges Lefebvre (1874–1959), French Revolution
- Elisabeth Lemke (1849–1925) German history
- Anna Lewis (1885–1961), South-western US
- Liang Qichao (梁啓超, 1873–1929), Chinese and Western history and historiography
- John Edward Lloyd (1861–1947), Welshness
- Ferdinand Lot (1866–1952), Middle Ages
- John Lord (1810–1894), Middle Ages, ancient history, historical survey
- Arthur Oncken Lovejoy (1873–1962), intellectual history
- Arthur R. M. Lower (1889–1988), Canadian
- György Lukács (1885–1971), history of literature, art history and philosophy of history
M
- Thomas Macaulay (1800–1859), British
- R. B. McCallum (1898–1973) British
- J. D. Mackie (1887–1978), Scottish
- William Archibald Mackintosh (1895–1970), Canadian economic
- Alfred Thayer Mahan (1840–1914), naval
- Frederic William Maitland (1850–1906), English legal, medieval
- Ramesh Chandra Majumdar (1888–1980), Indian history
- J. A. R. Marriott (1859–1945), modern Britain and Europe
- Karl Marx (1818–1883), European society and economy
- Albert Mathiez (1874–1932), French Revolution
- Franz Mehring (1846–1919), political history, history of philosophy
- Friedrich Meinecke (1862–1954), German intellectual and cultural
- Krste Misirkov (1874–1926), Macedonian historian and author
- Auguste Molinier (1851–1904), Middle Ages
- Theodor Mommsen (1817–1903), Roman Empire
- Alfred Morel-Fatio (1850–1924), Spain
- Samuel Eliot Morison (1887–1976), naval, American colonial
- John Lothrop Motley (1814–1877), the Netherlands
- Lewis Mumford (1895–1988), cities
N
- Lewis Bernstein Namier (1888–1960), 18th-century British and 20th-century diplomatic history
- Ahmad ibn Khalid al-Nasiri (1835–1897), Moroccan
- J. E. Neale (1890–1975), Elizabethan England
- Allan Nevins (1890–1971), US political and business; Civil War; biography
- A. P. Newton (1873–1942), British Empire
- Stojan Novaković (1842–1915), Serbian
O
- Charles Oman (1860–1946), 19th-century military
- Herbert L. Osgood (1855–1918), American colonial
P
- K. M. Panikkar (1895–1963), Indian historian
- Cesare Paoli (1840–1902), Italian history
- Gaston Paris (1839–1903), Middle Ages
- Jane Marsh Parker (1836–1913), US history
- Francis Parkman (1823–1893), colonial North America
- Herbert Paul (1853–1935), 19th-century UK
- Henry Francis Pelham (1846–1907), Roman
- Samuel W. Pennypacker (1843–1916), Pennsylvania history
- Dexter Perkins (1889–1984), US history
- David Pietrusza (1949–), US history
- Ivy Pinchbeck (1898–1982), English women and children
- Henri Pirenne (1862–1935), Belgian and medieval European history
- Sergey Platonov (1860–1933), Russian
- Mikhail Pokrovsky (1868–1932), economics and Soviet history
- Albert Pollard (1869–1948), Tudor England
- Delia Lyman Porter (1858–1933), US history
- Datto Vaman Potdar (1890–1979), Indian historian
- Eileen Power (1889–1940), Middle Ages
- F. M. Powicke (1879–1963, English medieval
- H. F. M. Prescott (1896–1972), biographer of Mary I of England and medieval History
Q
- Jules Quicherat (1814–1882), Middle Ages
R
- William Pember Reeves (1857–1932), New Zealand
- Pierre Renouvin (1893–1974), diplomatic historian
- Herbert Richmond (1871–1946), British naval
- James Riker (1822–1889), New York
- B. H. Roberts (1857–1933), Mormon
- James Harvey Robinson (1863–1936), European
- James Rodway (1848–1926), British Guiana
- Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919), US west and naval history
- John Holland Rose (1855–1942), modern Europe, Britain and France
- Michael Rostovtzeff (1870–1952), ancient history
- Hans Rothfels (1891–1976), modern German
- Simon Rutar (1851–1903), Slovenian
- Ilarion Ruvarac (1832–1905), Serbian
S
- Abram L. Sachar (1899–1993), modern European history
- Govind Sakharam Sardesai (1865–1959), Indian
- Salamon Ferenc (1825–1892), Ottoman Hungary
- Richard G. Salomon (1884–1966), medieval and church
- Jadunath Sarkar (1870–1958), history of India
- George Sarton (1884–1956), history of science
- Gustave Schlumberger (1844–1929), French
- Otto Seeck (1850–1921), German
- John Robert Seeley (1834–1895), British Empire
- J. Salwyn Schapiro (1879–1973), fascism
- Arthur Schlesinger, Sr. (1888–1965) US social history
- W. C. Sellar (1898–1951), co-author of 1066 and All That
- Ekaterina Shchepkina (1854–1938), Russia
- Shin Chaeho (신채호, 1880–1936), Korean
- Adam Shortt (1859–1931), Canadian
- Charlotte Fell Smith (1851–1937), English early modern
- Goldwin Smith (1823–1910), British and Canadian
- Justin Harvey Smith (1857–1930), Mexican–American War
- Sergey Solovyov (1820–1879), Russian historian
- Oswald Spengler (1880–1936), world; The Decline of the West
- Stanoje Stanojević (1874–1937), Serbia
- Wickham Steed (1871–1956), Eastern Europe
- Frank Stenton (1880–1967), English medieval
- Doris Mary Stenton (1894–1971), English medieval
- Floyd Benjamin Streeter (1888–1956), Kansas, American West
- William Stubbs (1825–1902), English law
- László Szalay (1813–1864) Hungarian historian
T
- Hippolyte Taine (1828–1893), French Revolution
- Frank Bigelow Tarbell (1853–1920), ancient art history
- Yevgeny Tarle (1874–1955), Russian historian
- A. Wyatt Tilby (1880–1948), Britain, The English People Overseas
- Alexis de Tocqueville (1805–1859), France
- Zeki Velidi Togan (1890–1970), Turkic history
- Zacharias Topelius (1818–1898)
- Thomas Frederick Tout (1855–1929), England
- Arnold J. Toynbee (1889–1975), world history, A Study of History
- Heinrich Gotthard von Treitschke (1834–1896), German historian and nationalist
- George Macaulay Trevelyan (1876–1962), British
- Leon Trotsky (1879–1940), Soviet
- Mikheil Tsereteli (1878–1965), Georgian historian
- Frederick Jackson Turner (1861–1932), US frontier
- Renáta Tyršová (1854–1937), Czech ethnography and art history
U
- Frank Underhill (1889–1971), Canadian
V
- Alfred Vagts, (1892–1986), Germany, military
- Paul Vinogradoff (1854–1925), medieval England
W
- Annie Russell Wall (1835–1920), English historian
- Spencer Walpole (1839–1907), English historian
- Charles Webster (1886–1961), British diplomatic history
- Curt Weibull (1886–1991), Swedish historian
- Lauritz Weibull (1873–1960), Swedish historian
- Spenser Wilkinson (1853–1937), Britain, military historian
- Mary Wilhelmine Williams (1878–1944), Latin America
- James A. Williamson (1886–1964), Britain, maritime historian and historian of exploration
- Esmé Cecil Wingfield-Stratford (1882–1971), England
- Justin Winsor (1831–1897), America, Narrative and Critical History of America
- Carl Frederick Wittke (1892–1971), US ethnics
- Ernest Llewellyn Woodward (1890–1971), British history and international relations
- Muriel Hazel Wright (1889–1975), Oklahoma, Native Americans
- George MacKinnon Wrong (1860–1948), Canadian
Y
- Yi Byeongdo (이병도, 1896–1989), Korea
Z
- Nicolas Zafra (1892–1979), Philippines
- Johann Kaspar Zeuss (1806–1856), Celts
- Faddei Zielinski (1859–1944), ancient Greece
