| Muscle | Location | Origin | Insertion | Artery | Nerve | Action | Antagonist | O | TA |
| occipitalis | head, occipitofrontalis, back of skull (left/right) | superior nuchal line of occipital bone, mastoid part of temporal bone | epicranial aponeurosis | occipital artery | facial nerve [CNVII], posterior auricular nerve | retracts scalp | ? | 2 | 1 |
| frontalis | head, occipitofrontalis, forehead (left/right) | skin of eyebrow and glabella | epicranial aponeurosis | ophthalmic artery | facial nerve [CNVII], temporal branch | wrinkles eyebrow | procerus, corrugator supercilii, and orbicularis oculi muscles[1] | 2 | 1 |
| orbicularis oculi, orbital part | head, forehead/eyelid (left/right) | frontal bone | lateral palpebral raphe | ophthalmic artery, zygomatico-orbital artery, angular artery | facial nerve [CNVII], zygomatic branch | closes eyelids (voluntary, winking/squeezing) | levator palpebrae superioris | 2 | 3 |
| orbicularis oculi, palpebral part | head, forehead/eyelid (left/right) | medial palpebral ligament | lateral palpebral raphe | ophthalmic artery, zygomatico-orbital artery, angular artery | facial nerve [CNVII], zygomatic branch | closes eyelids (involuntary, blinking/sleeping) | levator palpebrae superioris | 2 | 3 |
| orbicularis oculi, deep palpebral (lacrimal) part | head, forehead/eyelid (left/right) | posterior crest of lacrimal bone | Edges of eyelids | ophthalmic artery, zygomatico-orbital artery, angular artery | facial nerve [CNVII], zygomatic branch | facilitates tear ducts | ? | 2 | 3 |
| corrugator supercilii | head, eye (left/right) | nasal part of frontal bone | intermediate third of skin of eyebrow | ophthalmic artery | facial nerve [CNVII], zygomatic branch | moves skin of forehead medially and inferiorly (towards root of nose) | ? | 2 | 1 |
| depressor supercilii | head, eye (left/right) | nasal part of frontal bone, medial rim of orbit | medial third of skin of eyebrow | ophthalmic artery | facial nerve [CNVII], zygomatic branch | moves skin of eyebrows inferiorly | ? | 2 | 1 |
| levator palpebrae superioris | head, extraocular (left/right) | sphenoid bone | tarsal plate, upper eyelid | ophthalmic artery | oculomotor nerve [CNIII] | retracts and elevates eyelid | orbicularis oculi | 2 | 1 |
| superior tarsal | head, extraocular (left/right) | underside of levator palpebrae superioris | superior tarsal plate of eyelid | ophthalmic artery | sympathetic nervous system | raises upper eyelid | ? | 2 | 1 |
| rectus, superior | head, eye, orbit (left/right) | annulus of Zinn at orbital apex | 7.5 mm superior to corneal limbus | ophthalmic artery | oculomotor nerve [CNIII], superior branch | adducts, elevates, and medially rotates eye | Oblique Superior and inferior | 2 | 1 |
| rectus, inferior | head, eye, orbit (left/right) | annulus of Zinn at orbital apex | 6.5 mm inferior to corneal limbus | ophthalmic artery | oculomotor nerve [CNIII], inferior branch | adducts and depresses eye | Oblique Superior and inferior | 2 | 1 |
| rectus, medial | head, eye, orbit (left/right) | annulus of Zinn at orbital apex | 5.5 mm medial to corneal limbus | ophthalmic artery | oculomotor nerve [CNIII], inferior branch | adducts eye | Oblique Superior and inferior | 2 | 1 |
| rectus, lateral | head, eye, orbit (left/right) | annulus of Zinn at orbital apex | 7 mm temporal to corneal limbus | ophthalmic artery | abducens nerve [CNVI] | abducts eye | Oblique Superior and inferior | 2 | 1 |
| oblique, superior | head, extraocular (left/right) | annulus of Zinn at orbital apex, medial to optic canal | outer posterior quadrant of eyeball | ophthalmic artery, lateral muscular branch | trochlear nerve [CNIV] | abducts, intorts, and depress eye | right medial, superior, and inferior recti (superior and inferior oblique muscles are the synergists) | 2 | 1 |
| oblique, inferior | head, extraocular (left/right) | orbital surface of maxilla, lateral to lacrimal groove | laterally onto eyeball, deep to lateral rectus, by a short flat tendon | ophthalmic artery | oculomotor nerve [CNIII] | abducts, extorts, and elevates eye | right medial, superior, and inferior recti (superior and inferior oblique muscles are the synergists) | 2 | 1 |
| temporoparietalis | head, ear, outer ear (left/right) | auriculares muscles | epicranial aponeurosis | | facial nerve [CNVII] | fixes galeal aponeurosis | | 2 | 1 |
| auricularis anterior | head, ear, auricular, extrinsic (left/right) | temporal fascia | front of helix of ear | posterior auricular artery | facial nerve [CNVII] | pulls auricle forwards | | 2 | 1 |
| auricularis superior | head, ear, auricular, extrinsic (left/right) | epicranial aponeurosis | dorsocranial surface of auricle | posterior auricular artery | facial nerve [CNVII] | pulls auricle upwards | | 2 | 1 |
| auricularis posterior | head, ear, auricular, extrinsic (left/right) | mastoid process of temporal bone, tendon of sternocleidomastoid | dorsal part of auricle | posterior auricular artery | facial nerve [CNVII] | pulls auricle backwards | ? | 2 | 1 |
| helicis major | head, ear, auricular, intrinsic (left/right) | Spina helicis | Anterior border of the helix | Auricular branches of posterior auricular and auricular branch of occipital arteries | Facial nerve | depresses the anterior margin of the ear cartilage | ? | 2 | 1 |
| helicis minor | head, ear, auricular, intrinsic (left/right) | Base of the helical crus | Anterior aspect of the helical crus | Auricular branches of posterior auricular and auricular branch of occipital arteries | Facial nerve, Posterior auricular nerve branch | Adjusts the shape of the anterior margin of the ear cartilage | ? | 2 | 1 |
| tragicus | head, ear, auricular, intrinsic (left/right) | Base of the tragus | Apex of the tragus | Auricular branches of posterior auricular and auricular branch of occipital arteries | Facial nerve | Increase the opening of the external acoustic meatus | ? | 2 | 1 |
| antitragicus | head, ear, auricular, intrinsic (left/right) | Outer part of the antitragus | Cauda helicis and antihelix | Auricular branch of superficial temporal and auricular branches of posterior auricular artery | Facial nerve | Modifies the auricular shape | ? | 2 | 1 |
| auricle, transverse | head, ear, auricular, intrinsic (left/right) | Cranial surface of the eminentia conchae | Cranial surface of the eminentia scaphae | Auricular branches of posterior auricular and auricular branch of occipital arteries | Facial nerve | Flattens the cranial profile outer ear | ? | 2 | 1 |
| auricle, oblique | head, ear, auricular, intrinsic (left/right) | ? | ? | ? | Facial nerve, posterior auricular nerve | ? | ? | 2 | 1 |
| Muscle of terminal notch[2] | head, ear, auricular, intrinsic (left/right) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 0 | 1 |
| stapedius | head, ear, inner ear (left/right) | tip of pyramid of middle ear | neck of stapes | stapedial branch of posterior auricular artery | nerve to the stapedius from facial nerve [CNVII] | reduces movement of stapes, controls amplitude of sound waves to inner ear | | 2 | 1 |
| tensor tympani | head, ear, inner ear (left/right) | Eustachian tube | handle of malleus | superior tympanic artery | medial pterygoid nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | tenses tympanic membrane, controls amplitude of sound waves to inner ear | | 2 | 1 |
| procerus | head, nose (left/right) | fascia over lower part of nasal bone | skin of lower part of forehead between eyebrows | facial artery | facial nerve [CNVII], buccal branch | draws down medial angle of eyebrow (giving expressions of frowning) | | 2 | 1 |
| depressor septi nasi | head, nose (left/right) | incisive fossa of maxilla | nasal septum and back part of alar part of nasalis | superior labial artery | facial nerve [CNVII], buccal branch | depresses nasal septum | | 2 | 1 |
| levator nasolabialis (levator labii superioris alaeque nasi) | head, nose (left/right) | frontal process of maxilla | nostril and upper lip | superior labial artery | facial nerve [CNVII], buccal branch | dilates nostril, elevates upper lip, elevates wing of nose | | 2 | 1 |
| nasalis, transverse part | head, nose, nasalis, transverse part (left/right) | alveolar yoke of canine tooth | lateral nasal cartilage | superior labial artery | facial nerve [CNVII], buccal branch | compresses nostrils | | 2 | 2 |
| nasalis, alar part | head, nose, nasalis, alar part (left/right) | alveolar yoke of lateral incisor tooth, greater and lesser alar cartilages | skin near margin of nostril | superior labial artery | facial nerve [CNVII], buccal branch | dilates nostrils | | 2 | 2 |
| levator anguli oris | head, mouth (left/right) | maxilla | modiolus of mouth | facial artery | facial nerve [CNVII] | elevates angle of mouth (smile) | depressor anguli oris | 2 | 1 |
| depressor anguli oris | head, mouth (left/right) | tubercle of mandible | modiolus of mouth | facial artery | facial nerve [CNVII], mandibular branch | depresses angle of mouth (frown) | levator anguli oris | 2 | 1 |
| transversus menti | head, mouth (left/right) | continuation of depressor anguli oris muscles | other side of depressor anguli oris muscles | facial artery | facial nerve [CNVII], mandibular branch or buccal branch | depresses angle of mouth (frown) | levator anguli oris | 0.6[3] | 1 |
| levator labii superioris | head, mouth (left/right) | medial part of infra-orbital margin of maxilla | skin and muscle of upper lip (labii superioris) | superior labial artery | facial nerve [CNVII], buccal branch | elevates upper lip | | 2 | 1 |
| depressor labii inferioris | head, mouth (left/right) | oblique line of mandible, between symphysis and mental foramen | integument of lower lip, orbicularis oris fibers, its fellow of opposite side | inferior labial artery | facial nerve [CNVII], marginal mandibular branch | depresses lower lip | | 2 | 1 |
| mentalis | head, mouth (left/right) | alveolar yoke of lower, lateral incisor tooth, found on anterior mandible | skin of chin | inferior labial artery | facial nerve [CNVII], marginal mandibular branch | elevates and wrinkles skin of chin, protrudes lower lip | | 2 | 1 |
| bucinator (buccinator) | head, mouth (left/right) | alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible, pterygomandibular raphe | fibres of orbicularis oris | buccal artery | facial nerve [CNVII], buccal branch | compress cheeks against teeth (blowing), mastication | | 2 | 1 |
| orbicularis oris, marginal part | head, mouth (left/right) | maxilla and mandible | skin around lips | superior labial artery, inferior labial artery | facial nerve [CNVII], buccal branch | puckers lips | | 2 | 2 |
| orbicularis oris, labial part | head, mouth (left/right) | maxilla and mandible | skin around lips | superior labial artery, inferior labial artery | facial nerve [CNVII], buccal branch | puckers lips | | 2 | 2 |
| risorius | head, mouth (left/right) | parotid fascia | modiolus of mouth | facial artery | facial nerve [CNVII], buccal branch | draw back angle of mouth | | 2 | 1 |
| zygomaticus major | head, mouth (left/right) | zygomatic bone in region of zygomaticomaxillary suture | modiolus of mouth | facial artery | facial nerve [CNVII], buccal branch | draws angle of mouth upward and laterally | | 2 | 1 |
| zygomaticus minor | head, mouth (left/right) | zygomatic bone in region of zygomaticomaxillary suture | skin of upper lip | facial artery | facial nerve [CNVII], buccal branch | elevates upper lip | | 2 | 1 |
| masseter, superficial part | head, coronal plane (left/right) | anterior two-thirds of inferior margin of zygomatic arch and maxilla | angle of mandible, masseteric tuberosity of mandible | masseteric artery | masseteric nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | elevates and retracts mandible (closes mouth) | platysma | 2 | 2 |
| masseter, deep part | head, coronal plane (left/right) | anterior two-thirds of inferior margin of zygomatic arch and maxilla | angle of mandible, masseteric tuberosity of mandible | masseteric artery | masseteric nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | elevates and retracts mandible (closes mouth) | platysma | 2 | 2 |
| temporalis | head, coronal plane (left/right) | temporal lines on parietal bone of skull | coronoid process of mandible | deep temporal arteries | deep temporal nerves from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | elevates and retracts mandible (closes mouth) | platysma | 2 | 1 |
| pterygoid, lateral | head, coronal plane (left/right) | greater wing of sphenoid and lateral pterygoid process | condyloid process of mandible | maxillary artery, pterygoid branches | external pterygoid nerve from mandibular nerve [CNV3] | depresses mandible (opens mouth) | masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid | 2 | 1 |
| pterygoideus proprius[4] | head, coronal plane (left/right) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 0 | 1 |
| pterygoid, medial | head, coronal plane (left/right) | medial side of lateral pterygoid plate behind upper teeth (deep head); pyramidal process of palatine bone and maxillary tuberosity (superficial head) | medial angle of mandible | maxillary artery, pterygoid branches | mandibular nerve [CNV3], medial pterygoid nerve | elevates mandible, closes jaw, helps lateral pterygoid in moving jaw from side to side | | 2 | 1 |
| genioglossus, inferior fibers | head, tongue (left/right) | superior part of mental spine of mandible (symphysis menti) | dorsum of tongue, body of hyoid | lingual artery | hypoglossal nerve [CNXII] | protrudes tongue | | 2 | 3 |
| genioglossus, middle fibers | head, tongue (left/right) | superior part of mental spine of mandible (symphysis menti) | dorsum of tongue, body of hyoid | lingual artery | hypoglossal nerve [CNXII] | depresses tongue | | 2 | 3 |
| genioglossus, superior fibers | head, tongue (left/right) | superior part of mental spine of mandible (symphysis menti) | dorsum of tongue, body of hyoid | lingual artery | hypoglossal nerve [CNXII] | draws tip of tongue back and down | | 2 | 3 |
| hyoglossus (ceratoglossus) | head, tongue (left/right) | hyoid | side of tongue | | hypoglossal nerve [CNXII] | depresses tongue | | 2 | 1 |
| chondroglossus | head, tongue (left/right) | lesser cornu and body of hyoid bone | intrinsic muscular fibers of tongue | | hypoglossal nerve [CNXII] | depresses tongue (some consider this muscle to be part of hyoglossus) | | 2 | 1 |
| styloglossus | head, tongue (left/right) | styloid process of temporal bone | tongue | lingual artery, sublingual branch | hypoglossal nerve [CNXII] | elevates and retracts tongue | inferior and middle fibers of genioglossus | 2 | 1 |
| palatoglossus | head, tongue and soft palate (left/right) | palatine aponeurosis | tongue | | vagus nerve [CNX], pharyngeal plexus and accessory nerve [CNXI] | raises back part of tongue, aiding in breathing | | 2 | 1 |
| superior longitudinal lingual | head, tongue (left/right) | close to epiglottis, from median fibrous septum | edges of tongue | lingual artery, tonsilar branch of facial artery, ascending pharyngeal artery | hypoglossal nerve [CNXII] | shortens tongue, turns tip upward, turns lateral margins upward | | 2 | 1 |
| transversus linguae | head, tongue (left/right) | median fibrous septum | sides of tongue | lingual artery, tonsilar branch of facial artery, ascending pharyngeal artery | hypoglossal nerve [CNXII] | narrows tongue with no elongation | | 2 | 1 |
| inferior longitudinal lingual | head, tongue (left/right) | root of tongue | apex of tongue | lingual artery, tonsilar branch of facial artery, ascending pharyngeal artery | hypoglossal nerve [CNXII] | shortens tongue, retracts, pulls tip downward | | 2 | 1 |
| verticalis linguae | head, tongue (left/right) | dorsum of tongue | inferior surface borders of tongue | lingual artery, tonsilar branch of facial artery, ascending pharyngeal artery | hypoglossal nerve [CNXII] | | | 2 | 1 |
| tensor veli palatini | head, soft palate (left/right) | medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone | palatine aponeurosis | | mandibular nerve [CNV3], medial pterygoid nerve | tenses soft palate, aids in swallowing | ? | 2 | 1 |
| levator veli palatini | head, soft palate (left/right) | temporal bone, Eustachian tube | palatine aponeurosis | facial artery | vagus nerve [CNX], pharyngeal plexus | elevates soft palate | ? | 2 | 1 |
| palatopharyngeus | head, soft palate (left/right) | palatine aponeurosis and hard palate | upper border of thyroid cartilage (blends with constrictor fibers) | facial artery | vagus nerve [CNX], pharyngeal branch | aids in breathing by pulling pharynx and larynx | | 2 | 1 |
| uvulae | head, soft palate (left/right) | hard palate | soft tissue of uvula | | vagus nerve [CNX], pharyngeal branch | moves and changes shape of uvula | | 2 | 1 |
| stylopharyngeus | head, pharynx (left/right) | styloid process of temporal bone | thyroid cartilage (pharynx) | ascending pharyngeal artery, pharyngeal branches | glossopharyngeal nerve [CNIX] | elevates larynx, elevates pharynx, swallowing | | 2 | 1 |
| salpingopharyngeus | head, pharynx (left/right) | cartilage of Eustachian tube | posterior fasciculus of pharyngopalatinus | | vagus nerve [CNX], accessory nerve [CNXI] | raises nasopharynx | | 2 | 1 |
| pharyngeal constrictor, inferior, thyropharyngeal part | head, pharynx (left/right) | cricoid cartilage, thyroid cartilage | pharyngeal raphe | ascending pharyngeal artery, pharyngeal branches | vagus nerve [CNX], superior laryngeal nerve, external laryngeal branch and recurrent laryngeal nerve | swallowing | | 2 | 2 |
| pharyngeal constrictor, inferior, cricopharyngeal part | head, pharynx (left/right) | cricoid cartilage, thyroid cartilage | pharyngeal raphe | ascending pharyngeal artery, pharyngeal branches | vagus nerve [CNX], superior laryngeal nerve, external laryngeal branch and recurrent laryngeal nerve | swallowing | | 2 | 2 |
| pharyngeal constrictor, middle, chondropharyngeal part | head, pharynx (left/right) | hyoid bone | pharyngeal raphe | ascending pharyngeal artery, pharyngeal branches | vagus nerve [CNX], pharyngeal plexus | swallowing | | 2 | 2 |
| pharyngeal constrictor, middle, ceratopharyngeal part | head, pharynx (left/right) | hyoid bone | pharyngeal raphe | ascending pharyngeal artery, pharyngeal branches | vagus nerve [CNX], pharyngeal plexus | swallowing | | 2 | 2 |
| pharyngeal constrictor, superior, pterygopharyngeal part | head, pharynx (left/right) | medial pterygoid plate, pterygomandibular raphé, alveolar process | pharyngeal raphe, pharyngeal tubercle | ascending pharyngeal artery, tonsilar branch of facial artery | vagus nerve [CNX], pharyngeal plexus | swallowing | | 2 | 4 |
| pharyngeal constrictor, superior, buccopharyngeal part | head, pharynx (left/right) | medial pterygoid plate, pterygomandibular raphé, alveolar process | pharyngeal raphe, pharyngeal tubercle | ascending pharyngeal artery, tonsilar branch of facial artery | vagus nerve [CNX], pharyngeal plexus | swallowing | | 2 | 4 |
| pharyngeal constrictor, superior, mylopharyngeal part | head, pharynx (left/right) | medial pterygoid plate, pterygomandibular raphé, alveolar process | pharyngeal raphe, pharyngeal tubercle | ascending pharyngeal artery, tonsilar branch of facial artery | vagus nerve [CNX], pharyngeal plexus | swallowing | | 2 | 4 |
| pharyngeal constrictor, superior, glossopharyngeal part | head, pharynx (left/right) | medial pterygoid plate, pterygomandibular raphé, alveolar process | pharyngeal raphe, pharyngeal tubercle | ascending pharyngeal artery, tonsilar branch of facial artery | vagus nerve [CNX], pharyngeal plexus | swallowing | | 2 | 4 |
| cricothyroid, straight part | head, larynx (left/right) | anterior and lateral cricoid cartilage | inferior cornu and lamina of thyroid cartilage | cricothyroid branch of superior thyroid artery | vagus nerve [CNX], superior laryngeal nerve, external laryngeal branch | tenses and elongates vocal folds (has minor adductory effect) | | 2 | 1 |
| cricothyroid, oblique part | head, larynx (left/right) | anterior and lateral cricoid cartilage | inferior cornu and lamina of thyroid cartilage | cricothyroid branch of superior thyroid artery | vagus nerve [CNX], superior laryngeal nerve, external laryngeal branch | tenses and elongates vocal folds (has minor adductory effect) | | 2 | 1 |
| arytenoid, transverse | head, larynx (left/right) | arytenoid cartilage on one side | arytenoid cartilage on opposite side | superior laryngeal branch of superior thyroid artery | vagus nerve [CNX], recurrent laryngeal nerve | approximates arytenoid cartilages (closes rima glottidis) | | 2 | 1 |
| arytenoid, oblique | head, larynx (left/right) | arytenoid cartilage on one side | arytenoid cartilage on opposite side | superior laryngeal branch of superior thyroid artery | vagus nerve [CNX], recurrent laryngeal nerve | approximates arytenoid cartilages (closes rima glottidis) | | 2 | 1 |
| arytenoid, oblique, aryepiglottic part | head, larynx (left/right) | apex of arytenoid | lateral border of epiglottis | laryngeal branch of superior thyroid artery | vagus nerve [CNX], inferior laryngeal nerve | closes the laryngeal inlet | ? | 2 | 0 |
| vocalis | head, larynx (left/right) | inner (anterior) surface of thyroid cartilage | anterior surface of arytenoid cartilage | | vagus nerve [CNX], recurrent laryngeal nerve | thickens and decreases length of vocal folds, adducts during speech | | 2 | 1 |
| thyroarytenoid, thyroepiglottic part | head, larynx (left/right) | inner (anterior) surface of thyroid cartilage | anterior surface of arytenoid cartilage | | vagus nerve [CNX], recurrent laryngeal nerve | thickens and decreases length of vocal folds, adducts during speech | | 2 | 1 |
| thyroarytenoid, external part | head, larynx (left/right) | inner (anterior) surface of thyroid cartilage | anterior surface of arytenoid cartilage | | vagus nerve [CNX], recurrent laryngeal nerve | thickens and decreases length of vocal folds, adducts during speech | | 2 | 1 |
| cricoarytenoid, posterior | head, larynx (left/right) | posterior part of cricoid cartilage | muscular process of arytenoid cartilage | | vagus nerve [CNX], recurrent laryngeal nerve | abducts and laterally rotates cartilage, pulling vocal ligaments away from midline and forward and so opening rima glottidis | lateral cricoarytenoid | 2 | 1 |
| cricoarytenoid, lateral | head, larynx (left/right) | lateral part of arch of cricoid cartilage | muscular process of arytenoid cartilage | | vagus nerve [CNX], recurrent laryngeal nerve | adducts and medially rotates cartilage, pulling vocal ligaments towards midline and backwards and so closing rima glottidis | posterior cricoarytenoid | 2 | 1 |
| ceratocricoideus[5][6] | head, larynx (left/right) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 0 | 1 |
| platysma | Neck, Clavicular, Right, left | base of mandible | inferior clavicle and fascia of chest | branches of submental artery, branches of suprascapular artery | cervical branch of facial nerve [CNVII] | tenses skin of neck | masseter, temporalis | 2 | 1 |
| sternocleidomastoid | Neck, Clavicular, Right, left | manubrium sterni (sternal head), medial portion of clavicle (clavicular head) | mastoid process of temporal bone, superior nuchal line | occipital artery, superior thyroid artery | motor: accessory nerve
sensory: cervical plexus | tilts head to its own side, rotates head so face is turned towards opposite side, flexes neck, raises sternum, assists in forced inspiration | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| digastric, anterior belly | Neck, Suprahyoid, Right/left | digastric fossa (mandible) | intermediate tendon (lesser horn of hyoid bone) | submental branch of facial artery | mandibular nerve [CNV3] via mylohyoid nerve | opens jaw when masseter and temporalis are relaxed | ?? | 2 | 2 |
| digastric, posterior belly | Neck, Suprahyoid, Right/left | mastoid process of temporal bone | intermediate tendon (lesser horn of hyoid bone) | occipital artery | facial nerve [CNVII] | opens jaw when masseter and temporalis are relaxed | ?? | 2 | 2 |
| stylohyoid | Neck, Suprahyoid, Right/left | styloid process of temporal bone | greater horn of hyoid bone | occipital artery | facial nerve [CNVII] | elevates hyoid during swallowing | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| mylohyoid | Neck, Suprahyoid, Right/left | mylohyoid line of mandible | pharyngeal raphe | mylohyoid branch of inferior alveolar artery | mylohyoid nerve, from inferior alveolar branch of mandibular nerve [CNV3] | raises oral cavity floor, elevates hyoid, depresses mandible | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| geniohyoid | Neck, Suprahyoid, Right/left | mandibular symphysis | anterior surface of body of hyoid bone | | C1 via hypoglossal nerve | elevates hyoid and tongue upward during swallowing | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| sternohyoid | Neck, Infrahyoid, Right/left | sternum, manubrium | hyoid bone | superior thyroid artery | ansa cervicalis | depresses hyoid | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| sternothyroid | Neck, Infrahyoid, Right/left | sternum, manubrium | thyroid cartilage | superior thyroid artery | ansa cervicalis | depresses larynx, may slightly depress hyoid | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| thyrohyoid | Neck, Infrahyoid, Right/left | thyroid cartilage | hyoid bone | superior thyroid artery | C1 | depress hyoid | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| omohyoid, superior belly | Neck, Infrahyoid, Right/left | upper border of scapula | hyoid bone | inferior thyroid artery | ansa cervicalis | depresses larynx, depresses and moves to side hyoid | ?? | 2 | 2 |
| omohyoid, inferior belly | Neck, Infrahyoid, Right/left | upper border of scapula | hyoid bone | inferior thyroid artery | ansa cervicalis | depresses larynx, depresses and moves to side hyoid | ?? | 2 | 2 |
| levator glandulae thyroideae | Neck, Infrahyoid, Right/left | thyrohyoid muscle | thyroid isthmus | ? | ansa cervicalis | ? | ? | 0 | 1 |
| longus colli | Neck, Anterior | transverse processes of vertebrae C3, C4, C5, and C6 | anterior arch of atlas | ascending pharyngeal artery, vertebral artery | C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 | flexes neck and head | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| longus capitis | Neck, Anterior | anterior tubercles of transverse processes of vertebrae C3, C4, C5, and C6 | basilar part of occipital bone | ?? | C1, C2, C3/C4 | flexes neck at atlanto-occipital joint | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| rectus capitis, anterior | Neck, Anterior | atlas | occipital bone | ?? | C1 | flexes neck at atlanto-occipital joint | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| rectus capitis, lateralis | Neck, Anterior/Lateral, Right/left | upper surface of transverse process of atlas (C1) | under surface of jugular process of occipital bone | ?? | C1 | laterally flexes neck, stabilises sidebens at atlanto-occipital joint | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| scalenus anterior | Neck, Lateral, Right/left | cervical vertebrae C3-C6 | first rib | inferior thyroid artery, ascending cervical artery | ventral ramus of C5, C6 | when neck is fixed, elevates first rib to aid in breathing; when rib is fixed, bends neck forward and sideways and rotates it to opposite side | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| scalenus medius | Neck, Lateral, Right/left | cervical vertebrae C2-C6 | first rib | inferior thyroid artery, ascending cervical artery | ventral rami of third to eighth cervical spinal nerves | elevates first rib, rotates neck to opposite side | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| scalenus posterior | Neck, Lateral, Right/left | cervical vertebrae C4 – C6, transverse processes | second rib | ascending cervical artery and superficial cervical artery | C6, C7, C8 | elevates second rib, tilts neck to same side | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| scalenus minimus | Neck, Lateral, Right/left | cervical vertebrae C7 | first rib | superficial cervical artery | C7, C8 | elevates first rib | ?? | 0 | 1 |
| levator scapulae | Neck/Upper Limb, Verterbral Column, Lateral, Right/left | posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1 – C4 vertebrae | superior part of medial border of scapula | dorsal scapular artery | cervical nerve (C3, C4) and dorsal scapular nerve (C5) | elevates scapula, tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula | serratus anterior | 2 | 1 |
| obliquus capitis, superior | Neck, Posterior/Lateral, Right/left | lateral mass of atlas | lateral half of inferior nuchal line | ?? | suboccipital nerve | flexes head to same side | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| obliquus capitis, inferior | Neck, Posterior/Lateral, Right/left | spinous process of axis | lateral mass of atlas | ?? | suboccipital nerve | rotates neck | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| rectus capitis, posterior minor | Neck, Posterior | tubercle on posterior arch of atlas (C1) | medial part of inferior nuchal line of occipital bone and surface between it and foramen magnum | ?? | a branch of dorsal primary division of suboccipital nerve | sensory organ for neck position, also extends head at neck | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| rectus capitis, posterior major | Neck, Posterior | spinous process of axis (C2) | inferior nucheal line of occipital bone | occipital artery | dorsal ramus of C1 (suboccipital nerve) | rotates and extends head to same side | ?? | 2 | 1 |
| rectus abdominis | Torso, Abdomen, right/left | pubic symphysis, pubic crest | xiphoid process, costal cartilages of ribs 5-7 | inferior epigastric artery, superior epigastric artery; contributions from posterior intercostal arteries, subcostal arteries, and deep circumflex arteries | intercostal nerves, subcostal nerve | flexes trunk, compresses abdominal organs, aids in expiration | erector spinae | 2 | 1 |
| external abdominal oblique | Torso, Abdomen, right/left | external surfaces of ribs 5-12 | linea alba, pubic tubercle, anterior half of iliac crest | lower posterior intercostal arteries, subcostal artery, deep circumflex iliac artery | motor: intercostal nerves (T7-T11), subcostal nerve sensory: iliohypogastric nerve | flexes trunk to same side, rotates trunk to opposite side, expiration, compresses abdominal organs | | 2 | 1 |
| internal abdominal oblique | Torso, Abdomen, right/left | anterior two-thirds of iliac crest, iliopectineal arch, thoracolumbar fascia | inferior borders of ribs 10–12, pubic crest | lower posterior intercostal arteries, subcostal artery, superior epigastric artery, inferior epigastric artery, superficial circumflex iliac artery, deep circumflex iliac artery, posterior lumbar arteries | intercostal nerves (T7-T11), subcostal nerve, iliohypogastric nerve, ilioinguinal nerve | flexes trunk to same side, rotates trunk to opposite side, expiration, compresses abdominal organs | | 2 | 1 |
| cremaster | Torso, Abdomen, inguinal canal and scrotum | Internal oblique | Tunica vaginalis | Cremasteric artery | Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve | raise and lower the scrotum (involuntary) | ? | 0-1(M) | 1 |
| transversus abdominis | Torso, Abdomen, right/left | internal surface of costal cartilage of ribs 7–12, thoracolumbar fascia, anterior two-thirds of iliac crest, iliopectineal arch | linea alba, aponeurosis of internal oblique muscle, pubic crest | lower posterior intercostal arteries, subcostal artery, superior epigastric artery, inferior epigastric artery, superficial circumflex iliac artery, deep circumflex iliac artery, posterior lumbar arteries | intercostal nerves T7-T11, subcostal nerve, iliohypogastric nerve, ilioinguinal nerve | rotates trunk to same side, compresses abdominal organs, expiration | | 2 | 1 |
| pyramidalis | Torso, Abdomen, right/left | pubic symphysis, pubic crest | linea alba | inferior epigastric artery | subcostal nerve | tenses linea alba | | 2 | 1 |
| quadratus lumborum | Torso, Abdomen, right/left | iliac crest, iliolumbar ligament | inferior border of rib 12, transverse processes of L1-L4 | lumbar, median sacral, iliolumbar, subcostal arteries | subcostal nerve, anterior rami of spinal nerves L1-L4 | flexes trunk to same side, fixes rib 12 during inspiration, extends trunk | | 2 | 1 |
| iliocostalis colli | Torso, Back, right/left | sacrum, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, spinous processes | ribs | lateral sacral artery | posterior branch of spinal nerve | extends/flexes vertebral column | rectus abdominis | 2 | 1 |
| iliocostalis lumborum | Torso, Back, right/left | sacrum, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, spinous processes | The lower six or seven ribs | lateral sacral artery | posterior branch of spinal nerve | extends/flexes vertebral column | rectus abdominis | 2 | 1 |
| iliocostalis thoracis | Torso, Back, right/left | sacrum, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, spinous processes(the lower six ribs) | upper six ribs and the transverse process of CVII | lateral sacral artery | posterior branch of spinal nerve | extends/flexes vertebral column | rectus abdominis | 2 | 1 |
| longissimus capitis | Torso/Neck, Back, right/left | articular processes of C4-C7; transverse processes of T1-T5 | posterior margin of mastoid process | lateral sacral artery | posterior branch of spinal nerve | extends/flexes vertebral column, flexes head and neck to same side | rectus abdominis | 2 | 1 |
| longissimus colli | Torso, Back, right/left | transverse process | transverse process | lateral sacral artery | posterior branch of spinal nerve | extends/flexes vertebral column | rectus abdominis | 2 | 1 |
| longissimus thoracis | Torso, Back, right/left | transverse process | transverse process | lateral sacral artery | posterior branch of spinal nerve | extends/flexes vertebral column | rectus abdominis | 2 | 1 |
| longissimus thoracis, lumbar part | Torso, Back, right/left | transverse process | transverse process | lateral sacral artery | posterior branch of spinal nerve | extends/flexes vertebral column | rectus abdominis | 2 | 0 |
| spinalis capitis | Torso, Back, right/left | spinous process | spinous process | lateral sacral artery | posterior branch of spinal nerve | extends/flexes vertebral column | rectus abdominis | 2 | 1 |
| spinalis colli | Torso, Back, right/left | spinous process | spinous process | lateral sacral artery | posterior branch of spinal nerve | extends/flexes vertebral column | rectus abdominis | 2 | 1 |
| spinalis thoracis | Torso, Back, right/left | spinous process | spinous process | lateral sacral artery | posterior branch of spinal nerve | extends/flexes vertebral column | rectus abdominis | 2 | 1 |
| latissimus dorsi | Torso/Upper Limb, Back, Vertebral column, right/left | spinous processes of thoracic T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs | floor of intertubercular groove of humerus | subscapular artery, dorsal scapular artery | thoracodorsal nerve(C6 to C8) | pulls forelimb dorsally and caudally(Extends, medially rotates and adducts humerus) | deltoid, trapezius | 2 | 1 |
| semispinalis thoracis | Torso, Back, right/left | transverse processes of sixth to tenth thoracic vertebrae | spinous processes of upper four thoracic vertebrae and lower two cervical vertebrae | | posterior branch of spinal nerve | extends/rotates vertebral column | | 2 | 1 |
| semispinalis colli (cervicis) | Torso, Back, right/left | transverse processes of upper five or six thoracic vertebrae | spinous processes, cervical, from axis to fifth | | posterior branch of spinal nerve | extends/rotates vertebral column | | 2 | 1 |
| semispinalis capitis | Torso/Neck, Back, right/left | articular processes of C4-C6; transverse processes of C7 and T1-T7 | spinous process, occipital bone, area between superior nuchal line and inferior nuchal line | | greater occipital nerve | extends head | | 2 | 1 |
| multifidus lumborum | Torso, Back, right/left | sacrum, erector spinae aponeurosis, PSIS, and iliac crest | spinous process | | posterior branch of spinal nerve | stabilizes vertebrae in local movements of vertebral column | | 2 | 1 |
| multifidus thoracis | Torso, Back, right/left | sacrum, erector spinae aponeurosis, PSIS, and iliac crest | spinous process | | posterior branch of spinal nerve | stabilizes vertebrae in local movements of vertebral column | | 2 | 1 |
| multifidus colli | Torso, Back, right/left | sacrum, erector spinae aponeurosis, PSIS, and iliac crest | spinous process | | posterior branch of spinal nerve | stabilizes vertebrae in local movements of vertebral column | | 2 | 1 |
| rotatores, long 1-11 | Torso, Back, thoracis, right/left | transverse process | spinous process | spinous process | posterior branch | | | 22 | 1 |
| rotatores, short 1-11 | Torso, Back, thoracis, right/left | transverse process | spinous process | spinous process | posterior branch | | | 22 | 1 |
| rotatores lumborum | Torso, Back, right/left | transverse process | spinous process | spinous process | posterior branch | | | 0 | 1 |
| rotatores colli | Torso, Back, right/left | transverse process | spinous process | spinous process | posterior branch | | | 0 | 1 |
| interspinales lumborum 1-4 | Torso, Back, right/left | spinous process | spinous process | | posterior rami of spinal nerves | extends, flexes, and rotates vertebral column | | 8 | 1 |
| interspinales thoracis 1-3 | Torso, Back, right/left | spinous process | spinous process | | posterior rami of spinal nerves | extends, flexes, and rotates vertebral column | | 6 | 1 |
| interspinales colli 1-6 | Torso, Back, right/left | spinous process | spinous process | | posterior rami of spinal nerves | extends, flexes, and rotates vertebral column | | 12 | 1 |
| intertransversarii, anterior colli 1-7 | Torso, Back, right/left | transverse process | transverse process above | | posterior rami of spinal nerves | laterally flexes trunk | | 14 | 1 |
| intertransversarii, lateral posterior colli 1-7 | Torso, Back, right/left | transverse process | transverse process above | | posterior rami of spinal nerves | laterally flexes trunk | | 14 | 1 |
| intertransversarii, medial posterior colli 1-7 | Torso, Back, right/left | transverse process | transverse process above | | posterior rami of spinal nerves | laterally flexes trunk | | 14 | 1 |
| intertransversarii, lateral lumborum, dorsal parts 1-5 | Torso, Back, right/left | transverse process | transverse process above | | posterior rami of spinal nerves | laterally flexes trunk | | 10 | 2 |
| intertransversarii, lateral lumborum, ventral parts 1-5 | Torso, Back, right/left | transverse process | transverse process above | | posterior rami of spinal nerves | laterally flexes trunk | | 10 | 2 |
| intertransversarii, medial lumborum 1-5 | Torso, Back, right/left | transverse process | transverse process above | | posterior rami of spinal nerves | laterally flexes trunk | | 10 | 1 |
| intertransversarii, thoracis 1-9 | Torso, Back, right/left | transverse process | transverse process above | | posterior rami of spinal nerves | laterally flexes trunk | | 18 | 1 |
| splenius capitis | Torso/Neck, Back, right/left | nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7-T6 | mastoid process of temporal bone, occipital bone | ?? | C3, C4 | extends, rotates, and laterally flexes head | | 2 | 1 |
| splenius colli | Torso, Back, right/left | spinous processes of T3-T6 | transverse processes of C1, C2, C3 | | C5, C6 | | | 2 | 1 |
| external intercostal 1-11 | Torso, Chest (left/right) | inferior border of rib (above) | superior border of rib (below) | intercostal arteries | intercostal nerves | inhalation | internal | 22 | 1 |
| internal intercostal 1-11 | Torso, Chest (left/right) | inferior border of rib (above) | superior border of rib (below) | intercostal arteries | intercostal nerves | holds ribs steady | external | 22 | 1 |
| innermost intercostal 1-11 | Torso, Chest | inferior border of rib (above) | superior border of rib (below) | intercostal arteries | intercostal nerves | elevates ribs, expiration | | 22 | 1 |
| subcostales 1-n | Torso, Chest | inner surface of one rib | inner surface of second or third rib above, near its angle | intercostal arteries | intercostal nerves | | | 11[7] | 1 |
| transversus thoracis | Torso, Chest | costal cartilages of last 3–4 ribs, body of sternum, xiphoid process | ribs/costal cartilages 2–6 | intercostal arteries | intercostal nerves | depresses ribs | | 2 | 1 |
| levatores costarum, longi 1-4 | Torso, Chest | transverse processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae | superior surfaces of ribs immediately inferior to preceding vertebrae | | dorsal rami – C8, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11 | assists in elevation of thoracic rib cage | | 8 | 1 |
| levatores costarum, breves 1-12 | Torso, Chest | transverse processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae | superior surfaces of ribs immediately inferior to preceding vertebrae | | dorsal rami – C8, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11 | assists in elevation of thoracic rib cage | | 24 | 1 |
| serratus posterior inferior | Torso, Chest | vertebrae T11 – L3 | inferior borders of 9th through 12th ribs | intercostal arteries | intercostal nerves | depresses lower ribs(IX to XII), aiding in expiration | | 2 | 1 |
| serratus posterior superior | Torso, Chest | nuchal ligament (or ligamentum nuchae) and spinous processes of vertebrae C7 through T3 | upper borders of 2nd through 5th ribs | intercostal arteries | 2nd through 5th intercostal nerves | elevates ribs(II to V), aiding in inspiration | | 2 | 1 |
| hemidiaphragm, lumbar/costal/sternal part | Torso, Chest, Left/right | septum transversum, pleuroperitoneal folds, inner abdominal wall | | pericardiacophrenic artery, musculophrenic artery, inferior phrenic arteries | phrenic and lower intercostal nerves | breathing | | 2 | 1 |
| coccygeus | Torso, Pelvis | sacrospinous ligament | coccyx | | sacral nerves: S4, S5 or S3-S4 | closes back part of pelvic outlet | | 2 | 1 |
| iliococcygeus | Torso, Pelvis, Levator ani | ischial spine, posterior part of tendinous arch of pelvic fascia | coccyx and anococcygeal raphe | inferior gluteal artery | levator ani nerve (S4) | supports organs in pelvic cavity | | 2 | 1 |
| pubococcygeus | Torso, Pelvis, Levator ani | back surface of pubis, anterior part of obturator fascia | coccyx and sacrum | inferior gluteal artery | levator ani nerve (S4) | controls urine flow, contracts during orgasm | | 2 | 1 |
| puboanalis (puborectalis) | Torso, Pelvis, Levator ani | lower part of pubic symphysis | - | inferior gluteal artery | S3, S4. levator ani nerve | inhibits defecation | | 2 | 1 |
| puboperinealis | Torso, Pelvis, Levator ani | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 2 | 1 |
| puboprostaticus (males) / pubovaginalis (females) | Torso, Pelvis, Levator ani | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 2 | 1 |
| external anal sphincter, subcutaneous, superficial, and deep parts | Torso, Perineum | - | - | inferior rectal artery | S4 and twigs from inferior anal nerves of pudendal nerve | keeps anal canal and anus closed, aids in expulsion of feces | - | 1 | 1 |
| superficial transverse perineal | Torso, Perineum, Superficial perineal pouch | anterior surface of ischial tuberosity | central point of perineum | perineal artery | pudendal nerve | constricts urethra (maintains urinary continence), constricts vagina (women) | | 2 | 1 |
| bulbospongiosus | Torso, Perineum, Superficial perineal pouch | perineal raphe | - | perineal artery | pudendal nerve | empties urethra (men), clenches vagina (women) | | 2 | 1 |
| ischiocavernosus | Torso, Perineum, Superficial perineal pouch | ischial tuberosity | crus of penis (men), crus of clitoris (women) | perineal artery | pudendal nerve | assists bulbospongiosus | | 2 | 1 |
| Deep transverse perineal | Torso, Perineum, Deep perineal pouch | inferior ramus of ischium | its fellow of opposite side | | pudendal nerve | constricts urethra (maintains urinary continence), constricts vagina (women) | | 0-2(M) | 1 |
| compressor urethrae | Torso, Perineum, Deep perineal pouch | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 0-1(F) | 1 |
| sphincter urethrovaginalis | Torso, Perineum, Deep perineal pouch | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 0-1(F) | 1 |
| external urethral sphincter | Torso, Perineum, Deep perineal pouch | junction of inferior rami of pubis and ischium about 1.25 – 2 cm, and from neighboring fascia | its fellow of opposite side | | perineal branch of pudendal nerve (S2, S3, S4) | constricts urethra, maintains urinary continence | | 2 | 1 |
| trapezius, descending part | Upper limb, Vertebral column, Right/Left | down midline, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, medial part of superior nuchal line, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12 | at shoulders, lateral third of clavicle, acromion of scapula, spine of scapula | transverse cervical artery | motor: accessory nerve [CNXI] sensory: cervical nerves C3 and C4 | retracts and assists in rotating scapula(lower fibers depress scapula, upper fibers elevate it and middle fibers adduct ) | serratus anterior | 2 | 3 |
| trapezius, transverse part | Upper limb, Vertebral column, Right/Left | down midline, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, medial part of superior nuchal line, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12 | at shoulders, lateral third of clavicle, acromion of scapula, spine of scapula | transverse cervical artery | motor: accessory nerve [CNXI] sensory: cervical nerves C3 and C4 | retracts and elevates scapula | serratus anterior | 2 | 3 |
| trapezius, ascending part | Upper limb, Vertebral column, Right/Left | down midline, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, medial part of superior nuchal line, spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T12 | at shoulders, lateral third of clavicle, acromion of scapula, spine of scapula | transverse cervical artery | motor: accessory nerve [CNXI] sensory: cervical nerves C3 and C4 | retracts and elevates scapula | serratus anterior | 2 | 3 |
| transversus nuchae | Upper limb, Vertebral column, Right/Left | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 0 | 1 |
| rhomboid major | Upper limb, Vertebral column, Right?/Left? | spinous processes of T2 to T5 vertebrae | medial border of scapula, inferior to insertion of rhomboid minor | dorsal scapular artery | dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5) | retracts scapula and rotates it to depress glenoid cavity, fixes scapula to thoracic wall | serratus anterior | 2 | 1 |
| rhomboid minor | Upper limb, Vertebral column, Right?/Left? | nuchal ligaments and spinous processes of C7- to T1 vertebrae | medial border of scapula, superior to insertion of rhomboid major | dorsal scapular artery | dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5) | retracts (adducts) scapula and rotates it to depress glenoid cavity, fixes scapula to thoracic wall | serratus anterior | 2 | 1 |
| sternalis | Upper limb,Thoracic walls, Right?/Left? | manubrium of sternum or clavicle | xiphoid process, pectoral fascia, lower ribs, costal cartilages or rectus sheath | ? | various | ? | ? | 0 | 1 |
| pectoralis major | Upper limb,Thoracic walls, Right?/Left? | clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages | intertubercular groove of humerus | pectoral branch of thoracoacromial artery | lateral pectoral nerve, medial pectoral nerve clavicular head: C5 and C6 sternocostal head: C7, C8 and T1 | adducts and medially rotates humerus, draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly clavicular head: flexes humerus sternocostal head: extends humerus | | 2 | 1 |
| pectoralis major, abdominal part | Upper limb,Thoracic walls, Right?/Left? | clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages | intertubercular groove of humerus | pectoral branch of thoracoacromial artery | lateral pectoral nerve, medial pectoral nerve clavicular head: C5 and C6 sternocostal head: C7, C8 and T1 | adducts and medially rotates humerus, draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly clavicular head: flexes humerus sternocostal head: extends humerus | | 0 | 0 |
| pectoralis minor | Upper limb,Thoracic walls, Right?/Left? | 3rd to 5th ribs, near their costal cartilages | medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula | pectoral branch of thoracoacromial artery | medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1) | stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall | | 2 | 1 |
| subclavius | Upper limb,Thoracic walls, Right?/Left? | first rib | subclavian groove of clavicle | thoracoacromial artery, clavicular branch | subclavian nerve | depresses clavicle | | 2 | 1 |
| serratus anterior | Upper limb,Thoracic walls, Right?/Left? | fleshy slips from outer surface of upper 8 or 9 ribs | costal surface of medial margin of scapula | lateral thoracic artery (upper part), thoracodorsal artery (lower part) | long thoracic nerve (from roots of brachial plexus C5, C6, C7) | protracts and stabilises scapula, assists in upward rotation | rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, trapezius | 2 | 1 |
| deltoid, clavicular/acromial/scapular spinal parts | Upper limb, Shoulder, Right/left | clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula | deltoid tuberosity of humerus | primarily posterior circumflex humeral artery | axillary nerve | abducts, flexes, and extends shoulder | latissimus dorsi | 2 | 1 |
| teres major | Upper limb, Shoulder, Right/left | posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula | medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus | subscapular artery, circumflex scapular artery | lower subscapular nerve (segmental levels C5 and C6) | internally rotates humerus | | 2 | 1 |
| supraspinatus | Upper limb, Shoulder, rotator cuff, Right/left | supraspinous fossa of scapula | superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus | suprascapular artery | suprascapular nerve | abducts and stabilises humerus | infraspinatus, teres minor, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi | 2 | 1 |
| infraspinatus | Upper limb, Shoulder, rotator cuff, Right/left | infraspinous fossa of scapula | middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus | suprascapular artery, circumflex scapular artery | suprascapular nerve | laterally rotates, adducts, and stabilises humerus | subscapularis, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi | 2 | 1 |
| teres minor | Upper limb, Shoulder, rotator cuff, Right/left | lateral border of scapula | inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus | posterior circumflex humeral artery, circumflex scapular artery | axillary nerve | laterally rotates and adducts humerus | subscapularis, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi | 2 | 1 |
| subscapularis | Upper limb, Shoulder, rotator cuff, Right/left | subscapular fossa of scapula | lesser tubercle of humerus | subscapular artery | upper subscapular nerve, lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6) | medially rotates humerus, stabilizes shoulder | infraspinatus, teres minor | 2 | 1 |
| coracobrachialis | Upper Limb, Arm, Anterior compartment, right/left | coracoid process of scapula | medial surface of humerus | brachial artery | musculocutaneous nerve | flexes and adducts shoulder | | 2 | 1 |
| biceps brachii | Upper Limb, Arm, Anterior compartment, right/left | short head: coracoid process of scapula
long head: supraglenoid tubercle | radial tuberosity, bicipital aponeurosis | brachial artery | musculocutaneous nerve (lateral cord: C5, C6, C7) | flexes elbow, supinates forearm | triceps brachii | 2 | 1 |
| brachialis | Upper Limb, Arm, Anterior compartment, right/left | anterior surface of humerus (mainly distal half) | coronoid process of ulna, tuberosity of ulna | radial recurrent artery | musculocutaneous nerve | flexes elbow | triceps brachii | 2 | 1 |
| triceps brachii | Upper Limb, Arm, Posterior compartment, right/left | long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
lateral head: posterior humerus (above radial sulcus)
medial head: posterior humerus - (below radial sulcus) | olecranon of ulna | deep artery of arm | radial nerve | extends forearm, adducts shoulder (long head). medial head does not function at shoulder. | biceps brachii, brachialis | 2 | 1 |
| articularis cubiti | Upper Limb, Arm, Posterior compartment, right/left | deep distal surface of medial head of triceps | posterior capsule of elbow joint | deep artery of arm | radial nerve | lifts capsule away from joint | ? | 2 | 1 |
| anconeus | Upper Limb, Arm, Posterior compartment, right/left | lateral epicondyle of humerus | lateral surface of olecranon, superior part of posterior ulna | deep artery of arm, interosseous recurrent artery | radial nerve (C7, C8, and T1) | partly blended with triceps, extends forearm, stabilises elbow, abducts ulna during pronation | | 2 | 1 |
| pronator teres | Upper limb, Forearm, Anterior compartment, Superficial, Right/left | humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon)
ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna | pronator tuberosity of radius | ulnar artery, radial artery | median nerve | pronates forearm, flexes elbow | supinator | 2 | 1 |
| flexor carpi radialis | Upper limb, Forearm, Anterior compartment, Superficial, Right/left | medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon) | bases of second metacarpal, base of third metacarpal | radial artery | median nerve | flexes and abducts wrist | extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus | 2 | 1 |
| palmaris longus | Upper limb, Forearm, Anterior compartment, Superficial, Right/left | medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon) | palmar aponeurosis | ulnar artery | median nerve | flexes wrist | extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi ulnaris | 2 | 1 |
| flexor carpi ulnaris | Upper limb, Forearm, Anterior compartment, Superficial, Right/left | medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon) | pisiform, hook of hamate, base of fifth metacarpal | ulnar artery | muscular branches of ulnar nerve | flexes and adducts wrist | extensor carpi ulnaris | 2 | 1 |
| flexor digitorum superficialis | Upper limb, Forearm, Anterior compartment, Superficial, Right/left | medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon), parts of radius and ulna | bases of middle phalanges 2, 3, 4, and 5 | ulnar artery | median nerve | flexes fingers (primarily at proximal interphalangeal joints) | extensor digitorum | 2 | 1 |
| pronator quadratus | Upper limb, Forearm, Anterior compartment, Deep, Right/left | medial anterior surface of ulna | lateral anterior surface of radius | anterior interosseous artery | anterior interosseous nerve (median nerve) | weakly pronates forearm | supinator | 2 | 1 |
| flexor digitorum profundus | Upper limb, Forearm, Anterior compartment, Deep, Right/left | ulna | distal phalanges | anterior interosseous artery | lateral belly: anterior interosseous nerve (median nerve) medial belly: muscular branches of ulnar nerve | flexes wrist, flexes interphalangeal joints | extensor digitorum | 2 | 1 |
| flexor pollicis longus | Upper limb, Forearm, Anterior compartment, Deep, Right/left | middle half of volar surface of radius, interosseus membrane | base of distal phalanx of thumb | anterior interosseous artery | anterior interosseous nerve (median nerve) (C8, T1) | flexes thumb | extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis | 2 | 1 |
| extensor digitorum | Upper limb, Forearm, Posterior compartment, Superficial, Right/left | lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon) | 2nd–5th phalanges | posterior interosseous artery | posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) | extends hand, extends fingers | flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus | 2 | 1 |
| extensor digiti minimi | Upper limb, Forearm, Posterior compartment, Superficial, Right/left | anterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon) | extensor expansion, located at base of proximal phalanx on dorsal side | posterior interosseous artery | posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) | extends little finger at all joints | flexor digiti minimi brevis (hand) | 2 | 1 |
| extensor carpi ulnaris | Upper limb, Forearm, Posterior compartment, Superficial, Right/left | lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon), ulna | 5th metacarpal | ulnar artery | posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) | extends and adducts wrist | flexor carpi ulnaris | 2 | 1 |
| brachioradialis | Upper limb, Forearm, mobile wad, Right/left | lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus | radial styloid process (distal radius) | radial recurrent artery | radial nerve | flexes forearm, pronates forearm when supine, supinates forearm when prone | | 2 | 1 |
| extensor carpi radialis longus | Upper limb, Forearm, mobile wad, Right/left | lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus | 2nd metacarpal | radial artery | radial nerve | extends wrist joint, abducts hand at wrist | flexor carpi radialis | 2 | 1 |
| extensor carpi radialis brevis | Upper limb, Forearm, mobile wad, Right/left | anterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon) | base of 3rd metacarpal | radial artery | posterior interosseus nerve | extends wrist joint, abducts hand at wrist | flexor carpi radialis | 2 | 1 |
| supinator | Upper limb, Forearm, Posterior compartment, Deep, Right/left | lateral epicondyle of humerus, supinator crest of ulna, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament | lateral proximal shaft of radius | radial recurrent artery | posterior interosseus nerve (C7, C8) | supinates forearm | pronator teres, pronator quadratus | 2 | 1 |
| extensor indicis | Upper limb, Forearm, Posterior compartment, Deep, Right/left | ulna | index finger (extensor hood) | | posterior interosseus nerve (C7, C8) | extends index finger, wrist | | 2 | 1 |
| abductor pollicis longus | Upper limb, Forearm, anatomical snuffbox, Right/left | ulna | first metacarpal | posterior interosseous artery | posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) | abducts and extends thumb | adductor pollicis | 2 | 1 |
| extensor pollicis brevis | Upper limb, Forearm, anatomical snuffbox, Right/left | radius, interosseous membrane of forearm | proximal phalanx of thumb | posterior interosseous artery | posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) | extends thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint | flexor pollicis longus, flexor pollicis brevis | 2 | 1 |
| extensor pollicis longus | Upper limb, Forearm, anatomical snuffbox, Right/left | ulna, interosseous membrane of forearm | distal phalanx of thumb | posterior interosseous artery | posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) | extends thumb (metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal) | flexor pollicis longus, flexor pollicis brevis | 2 | 1 |
| opponens pollicis | Upper limb, Hand, Lateral volar, Thenar | trapezium, transverse carpal ligament | metacarpal bone of thumb on its radial side | superficial palmar arch | median nerve | opposes thumb | | 2 | 1 |
| flexor pollicis brevis | Upper limb, Hand, Lateral volar, Thenar | trapezoid, flexor retinaculum | thumb, proximal phalanx | superficial palmar arch | median nerve, deep branch of ulnar nerve (medial head) | flexes thumb | extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis | 2 | 1 |
| abductor pollicis brevis | Upper limb, Hand, Lateral volar, Thenar | flexor retinaculum of hand, scaphoid and trapezium | radial base of proximal phalanx of thumb and thumb extensors | superficial palmar arch | median nerve | abducts thumb | adductor pollicis | 2 | 1 |
| adductor pollicis | Upper limb, Hand, Lateral volar, Thenar | transverse head: anterior body of third metacarpal
oblique head: bases of second and third metacarpals and adjacent trapezoid and capitate bones | medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb and ulnar sesamoid | deep palmar arch | deep branch of ulnar nerve (T1) | adducts thumb at carpometacarpal joint | abductor pollicis longus, abductor pollicis brevis | 2 | 1 |
| palmaris brevis | Upper limb, Hand, Medial volar | flexor retinaculum (medial), palmar aponeurosis | palm | palmar metacarpal artery | superficial branch of ulnar nerve | wrinkle skin of palm | | 2 | 1 |
| abductor digiti minimi (hand) | Upper limb, Hand, Medial volar, hypothenar | pisiform | base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit on ulnar or medial side | ulnar artery | deep branch of ulnar nerve | abducts little finger | | 2 | 1 |
| flexor digiti minimi (hand) | Upper limb, Hand, Medial volar, hypothenar | hamate bone | little finger | ulnar artery | deep branch of ulnar nerve | flexes little finger | extensor digiti minimi | 2 | 1 |
| opponens digiti minimi (hand) | Upper limb, Hand, Medial volar, hypothenar | hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum | medial border of 5th metacarpal | ulnar artery | deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and T1) | draws 5th metacarpal anteriorly and rotates it, bringing little finger (5th digit) into opposition with thumb | | 2 | 1 |
| lumbricals of the hand 1-4 | Upper limb, Hand, Intermediate | flexor digitorum profundus | extensor expansion | superficial palmar arch, common palmar digital arteries, deep palmar arch, dorsal digital artery | deep branch of ulnar nerve, median nerve | flex metacarpophalangeal joints, extend interphalangeal joints | | 8 | 1 |
| dorsal interossei (hand) 1-4 | Upper limb, Hand, Intermediate | metacarpals | proximal phalanges | dorsal metacarpal artery, palmar metacarpal artery | deep branch of ulnar nerve | abduct fingers | palmar interossei | 8 | 1 |
| palmar interossei 1-3 | Upper limb, Hand, Intermediate | metacarpals | proximal phalanges | palmar metacarpal artery | deep branch of ulnar nerve | adduct fingers | dorsal interossei | 6 | 1 |
| pollical palmar interosseus | Upper limb, Hand, Intermediate | metacarpals | proximal phalanges | palmar metacarpal artery | deep branch of ulnar nerve | adduct fingers | dorsal interossei | 1.6 | 1 |
| psoas major | Lower Limb, Iliac region, iliopsoas | transverse processes, bodies and intervertebral discs of T12-L5 vertebrae | lesser trochanter of femur | iliolumbar artery | lumbar plexus via anterior branches of L1, L2, L3[8] | flexes and rotates laterally thigh | gluteus maximus | 2 | 1 |
| psoas minor | Lower Limb, Iliac region, iliopsoas | side of T11+L1 and IV intervertebral disc | Pectineal line and iliopectineal eminence | iliolumbar artery, lumbar arteries | L1 | weakly flexes trunk flexor | gluteus maximus | 0.8 | 1 |
| iliacus | Lower Limb, Iliac region, iliopsoas | iliac fossa | lesser trochanter of femur | medial femoral circumflex artery, Iliolumbar artery | femoral nerve (L2, L3[8]) | flexes hip[9] | gluteus maximus | 2 | 1 |
| tensor fasciae latae | Lower limb, Gluteal, Left/right | iliac crest | iliotibial tract | primarily lateral circumflex femoral artery, superior gluteal artery | superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5) | flexes thigh, medially rotates thigh, stabilises torso | | 2 | 1 |
| gluteus maximus | Lower limb, gluteal, Left/right | gluteal surface of ilium, lumbar fascia, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament | gluteal tuberosity of femur, iliotibial tract | superior gluteal artery, inferior gluteal artery | inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2 nerve roots) | externally rotates and extends hip joint, supports extended knee through iliotibial tract, chief antigravity muscle in sitting | Iliacus, psoas major, psoas minor | 2 | 1 |
| gluteus medius | Lower limb, gluteal, Left/right | gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus maximus | greater trochanter of femur | superior gluteal artery | superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1 nerve roots) | abduction of hip; preventing adduction of hip Medial rotation of thigh | lateral rotator group | 2 | 1 |
| gluteus minimus | Lower limb, gluteal, Left/right | gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus medius | greater trochanter of femur | superior gluteal artery | superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1 nerve roots) | abduction of hip; preventing adduction of hip Medial rotation of thigh | lateral rotator group | 2 | 1 |
| piriformis | Lower limb, gluteal, lateral rotator group, Left/right | sacrum | greater trochanter | inferior gluteal artery, lateral sacral artery, superior gluteal artery | piriformis nerve (S1 and S2 nerve roots)[10] | laterally rotates (outward) thigh | | 2 | 1 |
| obturator externus | Lower limb, gluteal, lateral rotator group, Left/right | obturator foramen and obturatory membrane | medial surface of greater trochanter of femur | obturator artery | posterior branch of obturator nerve (L3, L4) | adduct thigh, rotate laterally thigh | | 2 | 1 |
| superior gemellus | Lower limb, gluteal, lateral rotator group, Left/right | ischial spine | | | nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2) | | | 2 | 1 |
| obturator internus | Lower limb, gluteal, lateral rotator group, Left/right | ischiopubic ramus, obturator membrane | medial surface of greater trochanter of femur | | nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2) | abducts & rotates laterally thigh, stabilises hip during walking | | 2 | 1 |
| inferior gemellus | Lower limb, gluteal, lateral rotator group, Left/right | ischial tuberosity | obturator internus tendon | | nerve to quadratus femoris (L4, L5, S1) | laterally rotates thigh | | 2 | 1 |
| quadratus femoris | Lower limb, gluteal, lateral rotator group, Left/right | ischial tuberosity | intertrochanteric crest | inferior gluteal artery | nerve to quadratus femoris (L4, L5, S1) | | | 2 | 1 |
| articularis genus | Lower limb, Thigh, Anterior compartment | femur | suprapatellar bursa | femoral artery | femoral nerve | pulls suprapatellar bursa during extension of knee | | 2 | 1 |
| sartorius | Lower limb, Thigh, Anterior compartment | superior to anterior superior iliac spine | medial side of upper tibia in pes anserinus | femoral artery | femoral nerve | flexes, laterally rotates, and abducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg | | 2 | 1 |
| rectus femoris | Lower limb, Thigh, Anterior compartment | anterior inferior iliac spine and exterior surface of bony ridge which forms iliac portion of acetabulum | patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon | femoral artery | femoral nerve | knee extension; hip flexion | hamstring | 2 | 1 |
| vastus lateralis | Lower limb, Thigh, Anterior compartment | greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, and linea aspera of femur | patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon | femoral artery | femoral nerve | extends knee | hamstring | 2 | 1 |
| vastus intermedius | Lower limb, Thigh, Anterior compartment | anterior surface of femur | patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon | femoral artery | femoral nerve | extends knee | hamstring | 2 | 1 |
| vastus medialis | Lower limb, Thigh, Anterior compartment | anteromedial surface of femur | patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon | femoral artery | femoral nerve | extends knee | hamstring | 2 | 1 |
| biceps femoris | Lower limb, Thigh, Posterior compartment/hamstring | ischial tuberosity (long head), linea aspera of femur (short head)[11] | head of fibula[11] articulating with back of lateral tibial condyle | inferior gluteal artery, perforating arteries, popliteal artery | medial (tibial) part of sciatic nerve (long head), lateral (common fibular) part of sciatic nerve (short head)[11] | flexes knee joint, laterally rotates leg at knee (when knee is flexed), extends hip joint (long head only)[11] | quadriceps femoris | 2 | 1 |
| semitendinosus | Lower limb, Thigh, Posterior compartment/hamstring | ischial tuberosity[11] | pes anserinus | inferior gluteal artery, perforating arteries | sciatic nerve[11] (tibial, L5, S1, S2) | flexes knee, extends hip, medially rotates leg at knee[11] | quadriceps femoris | 2 | 1 |
| semimembranosus | Lower limb, Thigh, Posterior compartment/hamstring | ischial tuberosity[11] | medial surface of tibia[11] | profunda femoris, gluteal artery | sciatic nerve[11] | flexes knee, extends hip, medially rotates leg at knee[11] | quadriceps femoris | 2 | 1 |
| gracilis | Lower limb, Thigh/Hip, Medial compartment (adductor muscles) | inferior pubic ramus[12] | tibia (pes anserinus) | obturator artery | anterior branch of obturator nerve[12] | adducts hip, flexes hip, medially rotates knee[12] | gluteus medius, gluteus minimus | 2 | 1 |
| pectineus | Lower limb, Thigh/Hip, Medial compartment (adductor muscles) | superior pubic ramus[12] | lesser trochanter, linea aspera | obturator artery | femoral nerve and obturator nerve (medial compartment)[12] | adducts and flexes hip[12] | gluteus medius, gluteus minimus | 2 | 1 |
| adductor brevis | Lower limb, Thigh/Hip, Medial compartment (adductor muscles) | anterior surface of inferior pubic ramus[12] | lesser trochanter and linea aspera of femur | obturator artery | anterior branch of obturator nerve[12] | adducts hip[12] | gluteus medius, gluteus minimus | 2 | 1 |
| adductor longus | Lower limb, Thigh/Hip, Medial compartment (adductor muscles) | pubic body just below pubic crest | middle third of linea aspera | obturator artery | anterior branch of obturator nerve[12] | adducts and medially rotates hip[12] | gluteus medius, gluteus minimus | 2 | 1 |
| adductor magnus, adductor part | Lower limb, Thigh/Hip, Medial compartment (adductor muscles) | pubis[12] | femur, adductor tubercle of femur | obturator artery | posterior branch of obturator nerve (adductor) and tibial part of sciatic nerve (vertical head)[12] | adducts hip[12] | gluteus medius, gluteus minimus | 2 | 3 |
| adductor minimus | Lower limb, Thigh/Hip, Medial compartment (adductor muscles), part of adductor magnus | Inferior ramus | Linea aspera of the femur | Obturator artery and the medial circumflex femoral artery of the femoral artery. | Obturator and tibial nerves | Adduction and lateral rotation of thigh | gluteus medius, gluteus minimus | 2 | 3 |
| adductor magnus, ischiocondylar part | Lower limb, Thigh/Hip, Medial compartment (adductor muscles) | pubis[12] | femur, adductor tubercle of femur | obturator artery | posterior branch of obturator nerve (adductor) and tibial part of sciatic nerve (vertical head)[12] | adducts hip[12] | gluteus medius, gluteus minimus | 2 | 3 |
| tibialis anterior | Lower limb, Leg, Anterior Compartment | body of tibia | medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of foot | anterior tibial artery | deep fibular nerve | dorsiflexes and inverts foot | fibularis longus, gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, tibialis posterior | 2 | 1 |
| extensor hallucis longus | Lower limb, Leg, Anterior Compartment | middle portion of anterior surface of fibula, anterior surface of interosseous membrane | dorsal side of base of distal phalanx of hallux | anterior tibial artery | deep fibular nerve | extends big toe, assists in dorsiflexion of foot at ankle, weakly inverts foot | flexor hallucis longus, flexor hallucis brevis | 2 | 1 |
| extensor digitorum longus | Lower limb, Leg, Anterior Compartment | lateral condyle of tibia, superior ¾ of interosseous membrane | middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits | anterior tibial artery | deep fibular nerve | extension of toes and ankle | flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum brevis | 2 | 1 |
| fibularis tertius | Lower limb, Leg, Anterior Compartment | distal anterior surface of fibula | dorsal surface of fifth metatarsal | anterior tibial artery | deep fibular nerve | dorsi flexes and everts foot | | 2 | 1 |
| gastrocnemius | Lower Limb, Leg, Calf | medial condyle and lateral condyle of femur | calcaneus | sural arteries | tibial nerve from sciatic nerve, specifically, nerve roots S1, S2 | plantarflexes ankle, flexes knee (minor) | tibialis anterior | 2 | 1 |
| soleus | Lower Limb, Leg, Calf | fibula, medial border of tibia (soleal line) | tendo calcaneus | sural arteries | tibial nerve, specifically, nerve roots L5–S2 | plantarflexes ankle | tibialis anterior | 2 | 1 |
| plantaris | Lower Limb, Leg, Posterior compartment, Superficial | lateral supracondylar ridge of femur above lateral head of gastrocnemius | calcaneal tendon (medial side, deep to gastrocnemius tendon) | sural arteries | tibial nerve | plantarflexes ankle, flexes knee | tibialis anterior | 2 | 1 |
| popliteus | Lower Limb, Leg, Posterior compartment, Deep | middle facet of lateral surface of lateral femoral condyle | posterior tibia under tibial condyles | popliteal artery | tibial nerve | medially rotates and flexes knee | | 2 | 1 |
| flexor hallucis longus | Lower Limb, Leg, Posterior compartment, Deep, tarsal tunnel | posterior surface of upper 1/3 of fibula | base of distal phalanx of hallux | fibular artery (peroneal branch of posterior tibial artery | tibial nerve, S1, S2 nerve roots | flexes all joints of big toe, plantarflexes ankle | extensor hallucis longus | 2 | 1 |
| flexor digitorum longus | Lower Limb, Leg, Posterior compartment, Deep, tarsal tunnel | medial tibia | distal phalanges of lateral four digits | posterior tibial artery | tibial nerve | flexes toes | extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis | 2 | 1 |
| tibialis posterior | Lower Limb, Leg, Posterior compartment, Deep, tarsal tunnel | tibia, fibula | navicular, medial cuneiform | posterior tibial artery | tibial nerve | inverts foot, plantarflexes foot at ankle | tibialis anterior | 2 | 1 |
| fibularis longus | Lower Limb, Leg, Lateral compartment | fibula | first metatarsal, medial cuneiform | fibular artery | superficial fibular nerve | plantarflexes and everts ankle | tibialis anterior | 2 | 1 |
| fibularis brevis | Lower Limb, Leg, Lateral compartment | fibula | fifth metatarsal | fibular artery | superficial fibular nerve | plantarflexes and everts ankle | tibialis posterior | 2 | 1 |
| extensor digitorum brevis | Lower limb, Foot, Dorsal, left/right | calcaneus | toes | | deep fibular nerve | extends digits 2, 3, and 4 | flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum brevis | 2 | 1 |
| extensor hallucis brevis | Lower limb, Foot, Dorsal, left/right | calcaneus | base of proximal phalanx of big toe | | deep fibular nerve | extends big toe | flexor hallucis brevis | 2 | 1 |
| dorsal interossei (foot) 1-4 | Lower limb, Foot, Dorsal / Fourth layer, left/right | metatarsals | proximal phalanges | | lateral plantar nerve(fourth interosseous space: superficial branch others: deep branch), first and second interossei: lateral branch of deep fibular nerve | abducts toes | plantar interossei | 8 | 1 |
| abductor hallucis | Lower limb, plantar, first layer, left/right | medial process of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, plantar aponeurosis | medial side of base of proximal phalanx of first digit | | medial plantar nerve | abducts hallux | adductor hallucis | 2 | 1 |
| flexor digitorum brevis | Lower limb, plantar, first layer, left/right | medial process of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, intermuscular septa | middle phalanges of digits 2–5 | | medial plantar nerve | flexes lateral four toes | extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis | 2 | 1 |
| abductor digiti minimi (foot) | Lower limb, plantar, first layer, left/right | plantar aponeurosis | phalanges of fifth toe | lateral plantar artery | lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2) | flexes and abducts fifth toe | flexor digiti minimi brevis (foot) | 2 | 1 |
| Abductor of fifth metatarsal abductor ossis metatarsi quinti (foot) | Lower limb, plantar, first layer, left/right | calcaneus | fifth toe | lateral plantar artery | lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2) | abducts fifth toe | flexor digiti minimi brevis (foot) | 0 | 1 |
| quadratus plantae | Lower limb, plantar, second layer, left/right | calcaneus | tendons of flexor digitorum longus | | lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2) | flexes distal interphalangeal joints (assists flexor digitorum longus) | | 2 | 1 |
| lumbricals of the foot 1-4 | Lower limb, plantar, second layer, left/right | tendons of flexor digitorum longus | medial surface of extensor expansion of proximal phalanges of lateral four toes | lateral plantar artery, plantar arch, four plantar metatarsal arteries | lateral plantar nerve (lateral three lumbricals) and medial plantar nerve (first lumbrical) | maintain extension of digits at interphalangeal joints | | 8 | 1 |
| flexor hallucis brevis | Lower limb, plantar, Third layer, left/right | plantar surface of cuneiforms, plantar calcaneocuboid ligament, long plantar ligament | medial head: medial sesamoid bone of metatarsophalangeal joint, proximal phalanx of great toe lateral head: lateral sesamoid bone of metatarsophalangeal joint, proximal phalanx of great toe | | medial plantar nerve | flexes big toe | extensor hallucis longus | 2 | 1 |
| adductor hallucis | Lower limb, plantar, Third layer, left/right | oblique head: proximal ends of middle 3 metatarsals transverse head: metatarsophalangeal joints, ligaments of lateral 3 toes | lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe, sesamoid | | lateral plantar nerve | adducts big toe | abductor hallucis | 2 | 1 |
| flexor digiti minimi brevis (foot) | Lower limb, plantar, Third layer, left/right | fifth metatarsal bone | phalanx of fifth toe | | lateral plantar nerve (superficial branch) | extends and adducts fifth toe | abductor digiti minimi | 2 | 1 |
| opponens digiti minimi muscle of foot (opponens digiti quinti) | Lower limb, plantar, first layer, left/right | ? | middle phalanges of digit 5 | | ? | ? | ? | 0 | 1 |
| plantar interossei 1-3 | Lower limb, plantar, Fourth layer, left/right | tendons of plantar Interossei | proximal phalanges III-V - muscles cross the metatarsophalangeal joint of toes III-V so the insertions correspond with the origin and there is no crossing between toes | plantar arch, dorsal metatarsal artery | lateral plantar nerve | adducts toes 3 - 5, strengthens transverse arch | dorsal interossei | 6 | 1 |
Anterior view
Posterior view
A more detailed overview
