List of third-party and independent performances in United States elections
This article contains statistics on third-party and independent performances in US elections and a list of pages containing lists of those elections.
Lists of third-party and independent, performances in United States elections
- List of third-party and independent performances in United States presidential elections
- List of third-party and independent performances in United States gubernatorial elections
- List of third-party and independent performances in United States Senate elections
- List of third-party and independent performances in United States House elections
- List of third-party and independent performances in United States state legislative elections
- List of third-party and independent performances in United States mayoral elections
Notable performances
Presidential elections
The following are third party and independent candidates who received more than 10% of the total popular vote.
Year | Party | Nominee | Running-Mate | # Votes | % Votes | % Votes On Ballot | Electoral Votes | Place | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1912 | Progressive | Theodore Roosevelt | Hiram Johnson | 4,120,609 | 27.39 / 100 | 27.86 / 100 | 88 / 531 | 2nd | |
1856 | American | Millard Fillmore | Andrew J. Donelson | 872,703 | 21.54 / 100 | 21.54 / 100 | 8 / 296 | 3rd | |
1992 | Independent | Ross Perot | James Stockdale | 19,743,821 | 18.91 / 100 | 18.91 / 100 | 0 / 538 | ||
1860 | Lecompton Democratic | John C. Breckinridge | Joseph Lane | 851,844 | 18.20 / 100 | 22.04 / 100 | 72 / 303 | 2nd | |
1924 | Progressive | Robert M. La Follette | Burton K. Wheeler | 4,833,821 | 16.62 / 100 | 16.69 / 100 | 13 / 531 | 3rd | |
1968 | American Independent | George Wallace | Curtis LeMay | 9,901,118 | 13.53 / 100 | 13.56 / 100 | 46 / 538 | ||
1860 | Constitutional Union | John Bell | Edward Everett | 590,946 | 12.62 / 100 | 15.43 / 100 | 39 / 303 | ||
1848 | Free Soil | Martin Van Buren | Charles F. Adams | 291,475 | 10.13 / 100 | 13.79 / 100 | 0 / 290 |
Senate elections
The following are third party and independent candidates who have won senate seats since 1970.
Year | State | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | Maine | Independent | Angus King | 337,378 | 54.5 / 100 | Re-elected | |
Vermont | Independent | Bernie Sanders | 183,529 | 67.32 / 100 | Re-elected | ||
2012 | Maine | Independent | Angus King | 370,580 | 52.89 / 100 | Elected | |
Vermont | Independent | Bernie Sanders | 209,053 | 71.04 / 100 | Re-elected | ||
2010 | Alaska | Republican (write-in) | Lisa Murkowski | 101,091 | 39.49 / 100 | Re-elected | Lost Republican primary |
2006 | Connecticut | Connecticut for Lieberman | Joe Lieberman | 564,095 | 49.71 / 100 | Re-elected | Lost Democratic primary |
Vermont | Independent | Bernie Sanders | 171,638 | 65.41 / 100 | Elected | ||
1976 | Virginia | Independent | Harry F. Byrd Jr. | 890,778 | 57.2 / 100 | Re-elected | |
1970 | Virginia | Independent | Harry F. Byrd Jr. | 506,237 | 53.54 / 100 | Re-elected | |
New York | Conservative | James L. Buckley | 2,288,190 | 38.95 / 100 | Elected |
House elections
The following are third party and independent candidates who have received more than 30% of the popular vote since 2008.
Year | District | Party | Candidate | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2022 | North Dakota At-large | Independent | Cara Mund | 89,644 | 37.6 / 100 | 2nd |
Texas 26 | Libertarian | Mike Kolls | 81,208 | 30.7 / 100 | 2nd | |
2020 | Alaska At-large | Independent/Undeclared | Alyse Galvin[1] | 159,856 | 45.3 / 100 | 2nd |
2018 | Alaska At-large | Independent/Undeclared | Alyse Galvin[1] | 109,615 | 45.84 / 100 | 2nd |
2016 | Northern Mariana Islands At-large | Independent | Gregorio Sablan | 10,605 | 100.0 / 100 | Elected |
Arizona 8 | Green | Mark Salazar | 93,954 | 31.43 / 100 | 2nd | |
2014 | Northern Mariana Islands At-large | Independent | Gregorio Sablan | 8,549 | 65.29 / 100 | Elected |
2012 | Puerto Rico At-large | New Progressive | Pedro Pierluisi | 905,066 | 48.44 / 100 | Elected |
Popular Democratic | Rafael Cox Alomar | 881,181 | 47.16 / 100 | 2nd | ||
California 33 | Independent | Bill Bloomfield | 146,660 | 46.04 / 100 | 2nd | |
Kansas 3 | Joel Balam | 92,675 | 31.55 / 100 | 2nd | ||
2008 | American Samoa At-large | Independent | Eni Faleomavaega | 7,498 | 60.38 / 100 | Elected |
Puerto Rico At-large | New Progressive | Pedro Pierluisi | 1,010,285 | 53.05 / 100 | Elected | |
New York 23 | Conservative | Doug Hoffman | 69,553 | 45.98 / 100 | 2nd | |
Puerto Rico At-large | Popular Democratic | Alfredo Salazar Jr. | 810,093 | 42.54 / 100 | 2nd | |
American Samoa At-large | Amata Coleman Radewagen | Independent | 4,349 | 35.02 / 100 | 2nd |
Gubernatorial elections
The following are third party and independent candidates who have won governerships since 1990.
Year | State | Party | Nominee | Running mate | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2014 | Alaska | Independent | Bill Walker | Byron Mallott | 134,658 | 48.1 / 100 | Elected |
Rhode Island | Independent | Lincoln Chafee | 123,571 | 36.1 / 100 | Elected | ||
1998 | Maine | Independent | Angus King | 246,772 | 58.61 / 100 | Re-elected | |
Minnesota | Reform | Jesse Ventura | Mae Schunk | 773,713 | 36.99 / 100 | Elected | |
1994 | Maine | Independent | Angus King | 180,829 | 35.37 / 100 | Elected | |
1990 | Alaska | Alaskan Independence | Wally Hickel | Jack Coghill | 75,721 | 38.88 / 100 | Elected |
Connecticut | A Connecticut Party | Lowell Weicker | Eunice Groark | 460,576 | 40.36 / 100 | Elected |
Statistics
Note: Prior to the passage of the 17th Amendment in 1913, most states did not hold direct elections to the Senate.[citation needed]
Legend: | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
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Elections with notable third party electoral performances (1900–present)[2] | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
State | Gubernatorial elections | Senate elections | Total elections | ||||||
Threshold reached | Threshold candidates | Third party victory | Threshold reached | Threshold candidates | Third party victory | Threshold reached | Threshold candidates | Third party victory | |
Alabama | 5 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 9 | 10 | 0 |
Alaska | 9 | 10 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 1 | 15 | 16 | 3 |
Arizona | 5 | 5 | 0 | 7 | 11 | 0 | 12 | 16 | 0 |
Arkansas | 10 | 11 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 1 | 16 | 17 | 1 |
California | 8 | 10 | 1 | 9 | 11 | 0 | 17 | 21 | 1 |
Colorado | 4 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 8 | 11 | 0 |
Connecticut | 7 | 9 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 11 | 13 | 2 |
Delaware | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 |
Florida | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 1 |
Georgia | 4 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 0 |
Hawaii | 3 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 0 |
Idaho | 13 | 16 | 0 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 17 | 21 | 0 |
Illinois | 4 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 7 | 0 |
Indiana | 2 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 8 | 0 |
Iowa | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
Kansas | 7 | 8 | 0 | 5 | 6 | 0 | 12 | 14 | 0 |
Kentucky | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
Louisiana | 3 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 0 |
Maine | 13 | 18 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 18 | 23 | 5 |
Maryland | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 |
Massachusetts | 10 | 10 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 14 | 14 | 0 |
Michigan | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
Minnesota | 21 | 25 | 5 | 19 | 22 | 5 | 40 | 47 | 10 |
Mississippi | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 0 |
Missouri | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
Nebraska | 10 | 10 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 14 | 15 | 2 |
Nevada | 6 | 7 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 0 | 13 | 15 | 2 |
New Hampshire | 4 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 0 |
New Jersey | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
New Mexico | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 |
New York | 11 | 12 | 0 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 19 | 20 | 1 |
North Carolina | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
North Dakota | 7 | 8 | 1 | 9 | 11 | 1 | 16 | 19 | 2 |
Ohio | 3 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 8 | 0 |
Oklahoma | 7 | 7 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 10 | 10 | 0 |
Oregon | 6 | 7 | 1 | 9 | 14 | 0 | 15 | 20 | 1 |
Pennsylvania | 3 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 7 | 8 | 0 |
Rhode Island | 7 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 10 | 0 |
South Carolina | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
South Dakota | 7 | 9 | 0 | 5 | 7 | 0 | 12 | 16 | 0 |
Tennessee | 7 | 8 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 11 | 12 | 0 |
Texas | 9 | 12 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 10 | 13 | 0 |
Utah | 6 | 7 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 9 | 10 | 0 |
Vermont | 11 | 11 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 15 | 15 | 3 |
Virginia | 4 | 4 | 0 | 14 | 18 | 2 | 18 | 22 | 2 |
Washington | 7 | 8 | 0 | 5 | 6 | 0 | 12 | 14 | 0 |
West Virginia | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 |
Wisconsin | 18 | 21 | 3 | 12 | 15 | 2 | 30 | 36 | 5 |
Wyoming | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 |
Total | 284 | 327 | 21 | 203 | 236 | 21 | 487 | 563 | 42 |
See also
- List of third party and independent United States state governors
- List of United States major third party presidential tickets
- List of Libertarian Party politicians who have held office in the United States
- List of Green politicians who have held office in the United States
- List of Communist Party USA members who have held office in the United States
- List of Democratic Socialists of America public officeholders
Notes and references
- ^ a b Also listed as the de facto Democratic nominee.
- ^ The threshold is >5% of the vote.
- v
- t
- e
Notable third-party performances in United States elections
* Third party is endorsed by a major party
- California 1940
- Minnesota 1940
- North Dakota 1940
- Wisconsin 1940
- Minnesota 1942
- Minnesota 1942
- Nebraska 1942
- Virginia 1942
- North Dakota 1944
- Wisconsin 1944
- California 1946 (Republican write-in)
- North Dakota 1946
- North Dakota 1946
- Tennessee 1946
- Arkansas 1948
- Alabama 1950
- New Hampshire 1950
- California 1952
- Maine 1952
- New York 1952
- North Dakota 1952
- Virginia 1952
- South Carolina 1954 (Democratic write-in)
- Virginia 1954
- Utah 1958
- Virginia 1958
- Virginia 1960
- Virginia 1964
- Mississippi 1966
- Virginia 1966
- Virginia 1966
- Alabama 1968
- Alaska 1968
- Maryland 1968
- New York 1968
- Connecticut 1970
- Mississippi 1970
- New York 1970
- Virginia 1970
- Louisiana 1972
- Florida 1974
- Hawaii 1974
- Nevada 1974
- New York 1974
- Utah 1974
- Minnesota 1976
- Virginia 1976
- Alabama 1978
- Arkansas 1978
- Maine 1978
- Mississippi 1978
- New York 1980
- Washington 1982
- Tennessee 1984
- Virginia 1990
- Alaska 1992
- Arizona 1992
- Hawaii 1992
- Louisiana 1992
- Ohio 1992
- Arizona 1994
- Minnesota 1994
- Ohio 1994
- Vermont 1994
- Virginia 1994
- Alaska 1996
- Minnesota 1996
- Arizona 2000
- Massachusetts 2000
- Minnesota 2000
- Alaska 2002
- Kansas 2002
- Massachusetts 2002
- Mississippi 2002
- Oklahoma 2002
- Virginia 2002
- Oklahoma 2004
- Connecticut 2006
- Indiana 2006
- Maine 2006
- Vermont 2006*
- Arkansas 2008
- Idaho 2008
- Minnesota 2008
- Oregon 2008
- Alaska 2010 (Republican write-in)
- Florida 2010
- Indiana 2010
- South Carolina 2010
- Utah 2010
- Indiana 2012
- Maine 2012
- Maryland 2012
- Missouri 2012
- Montana 2012
- Vermont 2012*
- Kansas 2014
- South Dakota 2014
- Wyoming 2014
- Alaska 2016
- Arizona 2016
- Idaho 2016
- Indiana 2016
- Kansas 2016
- Maine 2018
- New Mexico 2018
- Vermont 2018*
- Alaska 2020*
- Arkansas 2020
- Minnesota 2020
- Nebraska 2020
- Idaho 2022
- North Dakota 2022
- Utah 2022*
- Minnesota 1940
- Wisconsin 1940
- Connecticut 1942
- Minnesota 1942
- New York 1942
- Wisconsin 1942
- North Dakota 1944
- Wisconsin 1944
- California 1946
- Tennessee 1950
- Maine 1952
- Vermont 1952
- Tennessee 1954
- Nebraska 1956
- Texas 1956
- Utah 1956
- Oklahoma 1958
- Tennessee 1958
- North Dakota 1960
- Tennessee 1962
- Virginia 1965
- Alabama 1966
- Georgia 1966
- Idaho 1966
- Maryland 1966
- New York 1966
- Tennessee 1966
- Alabama 1970
- Arkansas 1970
- New Hampshire 1970
- New York 1970
- Mississippi 1971
- New Hampshire 1972
- Texas 1972
- Washington 1972
- Virginia 1973
- Maine 1974
- Nebraska 1974
- Nevada 1974
- Texas 1974
- Vermont 1974
- Vermont 1976
- Alaska 1978
- California 1978
- Maine 1978
- Rhode Island 1978
- Alaska 1982
- Arizona 1982
- Hawaii 1982
- Alaska 1986
- Arizona 1986
- Illinois 1986
- Maine 1986
- Oklahoma 1986
- Vermont 1986
- Utah 1988
- Alaska 1990
- Connecticut 1990
- Kansas 1990
- Maine 1990
- New York 1990
- Oklahoma 1990
- Oregon 1990
- Utah 1992
- West Virginia 1992
- Alaska 1994
- Connecticut 1994
- Hawaii 1994
- Maine 1994
- New Mexico 1994
- Oklahoma 1994
- Pennsylvania 1994
- Rhode Island 1994
- Vermont 1994
- Alaska 1998
- Maine 1998
- Minnesota 1998
- New York 1998
- Pennsylvania 1998
- Rhode Island 1998
- Kentucky 1999
- New Hampshire 2000
- Vermont 2000
- Arizona 2002
- California 2002
- Maine 2002
- Minnesota 2002
- New Mexico 2002
- New York 2002
- Oklahoma 2002
- Vermont 2002
- Wisconsin 2002
- Alaska 2006
- Illinois 2006
- Maine 2006
- Massachusetts 2006
- Minnesota 2006
- Texas 2006
- Louisiana 2007
- Vermont 2008
- New Jersey 2009
- Colorado 2010
- Idaho 2010
- Maine 2010
- Massachusetts 2010
- Minnesota 2010
- Rhode Island 2010
- Wyoming 2010
- Kentucky 2011
- Virginia 2013
- Alaska 2014*
- Hawaii 2014
- Maine 2014
- Rhode Island 2014
- Wyoming 2014
- Maine 2018
- Kansas 2018
- Indiana 2020
- Vermont 2020*
- Alaska 2022
- Idaho 2022
- Oregon 2022
- U.S. Virgin Islands 1970
- Puerto Rico 1972
- District of Columbia 1974
- U.S. Virgin Islands 1974
- U.S. Virgin Islands 1978
- Puerto Rico 1980
- U.S. Virgin Islands 1986
- Puerto Rico 1988
- U.S. Virgin Islands 1990
- U.S. Virgin Islands 1994
- U.S. Virgin Islands 1998
- Puerto Rico 2000
- Northern Mariana Islands 2001
- U.S. Virgin Islands 2002
- Northern Mariana Islands 2005
- U.S. Virgin Islands 2006
- Northern Mariana Islands 2009
- District of Columbia 2010
- U.S. Virgin Islands 2010
- District of Columbia 2014
- Northern Mariana Islands 2014
- U.S. Virgin Islands 2014
- Puerto Rico 2016
- District of Columbia 2018
- Guam 2018
- Northern Mariana Islands 2018
- U.S. Virgin Islands 2018
- Puerto Rico 2020
- District of Columbia 2022
- Northern Mariana Islands 2022
- U.S. Virgin Islands 2022
- Portal:Politics
- Third party (U.S. politics)
- List of third-party and independent performances in United States elections
- Third-party and independent members of the United States Congress