Long Reach, Kent

Shire countyRegionCountryEnglandSovereign stateUnited KingdomPost townDARTFORDPostcode districtDA1Dialling code01322PoliceKentFireKentAmbulanceSouth East Coast UK Parliament 51°28′27″N 0°13′00″E / 51.4743°N 0.2167°E / 51.4743; 0.2167

Long Reach is a low-lying area north of Dartford, Kent, in southeast England, on the south side of the River Thames, east of Erith and the River Darent. It was the site of a pub (the Long Reach Tavern), a fireworks factory, a smallpox hospital and, from 1911, a Vickers airfield that later became RAF Joyce Green. It also gives its name to a Thames Water sewage treatment works.

The area is named after the Long Reach (a name given to the longest straight stretch of a river), the stretch of the Thames between St Clement's Reach and Erith Rands.^[1]

Landmarks

Long Reach Tavern (c. 1800s-1957)

The Long Reach Tavern was a riverside pub that had a jetty extending into the Thames, enabling its use by barge and tugboat crews.^[2] It was recorded as a tied house of the Fleet Brewery in 1865, and in 1866 hosted a bare-knuckle boxing championship match between James Mace and Joseph Goss.^[2] Damaged by the North Sea flood of 1953, it was demolished in 1957 to allow construction of new flood embankments.^[2]

Long Reach Hospital

Despite some local opposition, in May 1881, the Metropolitan Asylum Board (MAB) established a temporary tented camp for smallpox patients on land it owned north of Dartford.^[3] In 1883, it purchased further land for smallpox camp purposes, including Gore Farm and a strip of land previously owned by the Church Commissioners called Long Reach.^[3] Further hospital accommodation was then found aboard two ships initially chartered and later purchased from the Admiralty: the Atlas and the Endymion. A paddle-steamer, Castalia, was later added, with all three moored in the Thames adjacent to Long Reach.^[3][4] Together the three hospital ships provided 350 patient beds, plus administration, stores and staff quarters.^[5] Onshore facilities included a laundry, additional nurses accommodation, and an electricity generation building. A pier was constructed so that patients could be brought from London by river ambulance.^[3] A permanent convalescent hospital was provided at Gore farm in 1890, and in 1901, Long Reach Hospital was built, followed by the Orchard Hospital. Finally, in 1903, a permanent smallpox hospital – Joyce Green Hospital – opened, and the ships were sold for scrap in 1904.^[3][5]

The permanent Long Reach hospital had 300 beds and admitted its first patients in February 1902.^[6] It was retained as a reserve hospital for smallpox patients, and was rebuilt in 1928. In February 1953, the hospital was flooded, but was able to reopen just over a month later. It hosted its last patient in 1973, and in 1974 was demolished to make way for improved flood defences.^[6][7]

RAF Joyce Green

Joyce Green was one of the first Royal Flying Corps (RFC) airfields. It was established in 1911 by Vickers Limited (the aircraft and weapons manufacturer, who had a factory at nearby Erith) who used it as an airfield and testing ground. At the outbreak of World War I in 1914, the RFC followed and established a base. Subject to frequent flooding and with a reputation as being unsuitable and too dangerous for training, it was eventually replaced by a more suitable site at RAF Biggin Hill.

Wells fireworks factory

The Wells Fireworks factory was built in the early 1950s, for a business originally established by Joseph Wells, an explosive lighter man, in Dartford in 1837.^[8] The 1953 flood caused an explosion at the factory. It closed in the 1970s.^[9]

Long Reach STW

Long Reach sewage treatment works (STW), located on the south bank of the River Thames at 51°28′02″N 0°14′11″E / 51.4673°N 0.2365°E / 51.4673; 0.2365, is operated by Thames Water. As of 2012^[update], the plant was capable of treating 346 million litres of sewage per day. It treats wastewater from a catchment area of 518 square kilometres (200 sq mi), covering Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Dartford, Sevenoaks, Tandridge, and from Tonbridge and Malling. It serves a population of over 800,000 people.^[10][11] It is adjacent to the site of the former Littlebrook Power Station.

References