Lynching of Earnest Williams

Lynching of a Black man in Arkansas, 1908

Earnest Williams was an African-American man who was lynched by a mob in Parkdale, Ashley County, Arkansas, in 1908. John R. Steelman, who wrote his PhD dissertation on "mob action in the South", listed Williams as one of the cases, and said "Earnest Williams was thrust into eternity by a band of men who were 'outraged' at him for 'using offensive language'."^[1]

References

^ Steelman, John R. (1928). A Study of Mob Action in the South (PhD). University of North Carolina. p. 178.

External links

33°7′18″N 91°32′51″W / 33.12167°N 91.54750°W / 33.12167; -91.54750

Lynching in the United States

List of lynching victims in the United States

Before 1900	Francis McIntosh (1836) Elijah Parish Lovejoy (1837) Josefa Segovia (1851) Pancho Daniel (1858) Joshua Boyd (1863) Henry Plummer (1864) Bill Sketoe (1864) Clubfoot George (1864) Steve Long, Ace and Con Moyer (1868) Wyatt Outlaw (1870) John W. Stephens (1870) Alexander Boyd (1870) Jim Williams (1871) David Jones (1872) Jo Reed (1875) Arthur St. Clair (1877) Michael Green (1878) Joseph Standing (1879) Big Nose George Parrott (1881) Charles Thurber (1882) John Wesley Heath (1884) Eliza Woods (1886) Samuel "Mingo Jack" Johnson (1886) Amos Miller (1888) Joseph Vermillion (1889) George Meadows (1889) Ellen Watson (1889) Brown Washington (1890) Jim Taylor (1891) Dick Lundy (1891) Joe Coe (1891) Robert Lewis (1892) Ephraim Grizzard (1892) Samuel J. Bush (1893) John Peterson (1893) Alfred Blount (1893) Henry Smith (1893) Richard Puryear (1894) Stephen Williams (1894) Amos Hicks (1894) Jacob Henson (1896) William Andrews (1897) Joseph H. McCoy (1897) John Anderson (1898) John Henry James (1898) F. W. Stewart (1898) Sam Hose (1899) Benjamin Thomas (1899)
1900–1940	Fred Rochelle (1901) Ballie Crutchfield (1901) George Ward (1901) Walker Davis (1903) J. D. Mayfield (1903) George White (1903) David Wyatt (1903) Marie Thompson (1904) Paul Reed and Will Cato (1904) Bunk Richardson (1906) Ed Johnson (1906) Slab Pitts (1906) William Burns (1907) Earnest Williams (1907) Jim Miller (1909) James Hodges (1909) Matthew Chase (1909) "Mose" Creole (1909) "Pie" Hill (1909) William "Froggie" James and Henry Salzner (1909) Grant Richardson (1910) King Johnson (1911) Name unknown (TX) (1911) Laura and L. D. Nelson (1911) Will Porter (1911) Zachariah Walker (1911) Mary Jackson (1912) Rob Edwards (1912) George Saunders (1912) Robert Perry (1913) ? Anderson (1913) Charles Fisher (1914) John Evans (1914) Leo Frank (1915) Name unknown (MS) (1915) Jesse Washington (1916) Anthony Crawford (1916) Jeff Brown (1916) Paulo Boleta (1916) Frank Little (1917) Charles Jones (1917) Ell Persons (1917) Robert Prager (1918) Mary Turner and her unborn baby (1918) Hazel "Hayes" Turner (1918) George Taylor (1918) Jim McIlherron (1918) Olli Kinkkonen (1918) Wallace Baynes (1919) Will Brown (1919) Wesley Everest (1919) John Hartfield (1919) Jay Lynch (1919) Berry Washington (1919) Willie Baird (1920) Roy Belton (1920) Dick Rowland (attempted) (1921) Henry Lowry (1921) James Harvey and Joe Jordan (1922) Joe Pullen (1923) Samuel Smith (1924) L. Q. Ivy (1925) Raymond Byrd (1926) James Clark (1926) Fred N. Selak (1926) Tom Payne (1927) John Carter (1927) Dan Anderson (1927) Will Sherod (1927) Bernice Raspberry (1927) Owen Flemming (1927) Joseph Upchurch (1927) Joe Smith (1927) Albert Williams (1927) Thomas Bradshaw (1927) Winston Pounds (1927) Thomas Williams (1927) Leonard Woods (1927) J. C. Collins (1928) George Hughes (1930) James Cameron (1930) Lynching of Raymond Gunn (1931) Matthew Williams (1931) Shedrick Thompson (1932) George Armwood (1933) Cordie Cheek (1933) Claude Neal (1934) Austin Callaway (1940) Elbert Williams (1940)
After 1940	Felix Hall (1941) Johannes Kunze (1943) Robert "Bobbie" Hall (1943) Willie James Howard (1944) Recy Taylor (1944) John Cecil Jones (1946) Willie Earle (1947) Lamar Smith (1955) George W. Lee (1955) Emmett Till (1955) Judge Edward Aaron (1957) Willie Edwards (1957) Mack Charles Parker (1959) Louis Allen (1964) Lemuel Penn (1964) Frank Morris (1964) James Reeb (1965) Vernon Dahmer (1966) Wharlest Jackson (1967) Carol Jenkins (1968) Henry Marrow (1970) Marian Pyszko (1975) Betty Gardner (1978) Arthur McDuffie (1979) Michael Donald (1981) Yusef Hawkins (1989) James Byrd Jr. (1998) James Craig Anderson (2011) Ahmaud Arbery (2020)

Multiple victims
Death of Joseph Smith (Joseph Smith, Hyrum Smith) (1844) Marais des Cygnes, KS, massacre (1858) Great Hanging at Gainesville, TX (1862) New York City draft riots (1863) Detroit race riot (1863) ? Lachenais and four others (1863) Fort Pillow, TN, massacre (1864) Plummer Gang (1864) Memphis massacre (1866) Gallatin County, KY, race riot (1866) New Orleans massacre of 1866 Reno Brothers Gang (1868) Camilla, GA, massacre (1868) Steve Long and two half-brothers (1868) Pulaski, TN, riot (1868) Samuel Bierfield and Lawrence Bowman (1868) Opelousas, LA, massacre (1868) Bear River City riot (1868) Chinese massacre of 1871 Meridian, MS, race riot (1871) Colfax, LA, massacre (1873) Election riot of 1874 (AL) Juan, Antonio, and Marcelo Moya (1874) Benjamin and Mollie French (1876) Ellenton, SC, riot (1876) Hamburg, SC, massacre (1876) Thibodeax, LA, massacre (1878) Mart and Tom Horrell (1878) Nevlin Porter and Johnson Spencer (1879) Elijah Frost, Abijah Gibson, Tom McCracken (1879) T.J. House, James West, John Dorsey (1880) New Orleans 1891 lynchings (1891) Ruggles Brothers (CA) (1892) Thomas Moss, Henry Stewart, Calvin McDowell (TN) (1892) Porter and Spencer (MS) (1897) Phoenix, SC, election riot (1898) Wilmington, NC, insurrection (1898) Julia and Frazier Baker (1898) Pana, IL, riot (1899) Watkinsville lynching (1905) 1906 Atlanta race massacre Kemper County, MS (1906) Walker family (1908) Springfield race riot of 1908 Slocum, TX, massacre (1910) Laura and L.D. Nelson (1911) Harris County, GA, lynchings (1912) Newberry, FL, lynchings (1916) East St. Louis, IL, riots (1917) Lynching rampage in Brooks County, GA (1918) Jenkins County, GA, riot (1919) Longview, TX, race riot (1919) Elaine, AR, race riot (1919) Omaha race riot of 1919 Knoxville riot of 1919 Red Summer (1919) Duluth, MN, lynchings (1920) Ocoee, FL, massacre (1920) Tulsa race massacre (1921) Perry, FL, race riot (1922) Rosewood, FL, massacre (1923) Jim and Mark Fox (1927) Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith (1930) Tate County, MS (1932) Thomas Harold Thurmond and John M. Holmes (1933) Roosevelt Townes and Robert McDaniels (1937) Beaumont, TX, Race Riot (1943) O'Day Short, wife, and two children (1945) Moore's Ford, GA, lynchings (1946) Harry and Harriette Moore (1952) Anniston, AL (1961) Freedom Summer Murders (James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, Michael Schwerner) (1964) Henry Hezekiah Dee and Charles Eddie Moore (1964)

Multiple victims

Death of Joseph Smith (Joseph Smith, Hyrum Smith) (1844)
Marais des Cygnes, KS, massacre (1858)
Great Hanging at Gainesville, TX (1862)
New York City draft riots (1863)
Detroit race riot (1863)
? Lachenais and four others (1863)
Fort Pillow, TN, massacre (1864)
Plummer Gang (1864)
Memphis massacre (1866)
Gallatin County, KY, race riot (1866)
New Orleans massacre of 1866
Reno Brothers Gang (1868)
Camilla, GA, massacre (1868)
Steve Long and two half-brothers (1868)
Pulaski, TN, riot (1868)
Samuel Bierfield and Lawrence Bowman (1868)
Opelousas, LA, massacre (1868)
Bear River City riot (1868)
Chinese massacre of 1871
Meridian, MS, race riot (1871)
Colfax, LA, massacre (1873)
Election riot of 1874 (AL)
Juan, Antonio, and Marcelo Moya (1874)
Benjamin and Mollie French (1876)
Ellenton, SC, riot (1876)
Hamburg, SC, massacre (1876)
Thibodeax, LA, massacre (1878)
Mart and Tom Horrell (1878)
Nevlin Porter and Johnson Spencer (1879)
Elijah Frost, Abijah Gibson, Tom McCracken (1879)
T.J. House, James West, John Dorsey (1880)
New Orleans 1891 lynchings (1891)
Ruggles Brothers (CA) (1892)
Thomas Moss, Henry Stewart, Calvin McDowell (TN) (1892)
Porter and Spencer (MS) (1897)
Phoenix, SC, election riot (1898)
Wilmington, NC, insurrection (1898)
Julia and Frazier Baker (1898)
Pana, IL, riot (1899)
Watkinsville lynching (1905)
1906 Atlanta race massacre
Kemper County, MS (1906)
Walker family (1908)
Springfield race riot of 1908
Slocum, TX, massacre (1910)
Laura and L.D. Nelson (1911)
Harris County, GA, lynchings (1912)
Newberry, FL, lynchings (1916)
East St. Louis, IL, riots (1917)
Lynching rampage in Brooks County, GA (1918)
Jenkins County, GA, riot (1919)
Longview, TX, race riot (1919)
Elaine, AR, race riot (1919)
Omaha race riot of 1919
Knoxville riot of 1919
Red Summer (1919)
Duluth, MN, lynchings (1920)
Ocoee, FL, massacre (1920)
Tulsa race massacre (1921)
Perry, FL, race riot (1922)
Rosewood, FL, massacre (1923)
Jim and Mark Fox (1927)
Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith (1930)
Tate County, MS (1932)
Thomas Harold Thurmond and John M. Holmes (1933)
Roosevelt Townes and Robert McDaniels (1937)
Beaumont, TX, Race Riot (1943)
O'Day Short, wife, and two children (1945)
Moore's Ford, GA, lynchings (1946)
Harry and Harriette Moore (1952)
Anniston, AL (1961)
Freedom Summer Murders (James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, Michael Schwerner) (1964)
Henry Hezekiah Dee and Charles Eddie Moore (1964)

General

Anti-lynching movement

American anti-lynching activists
American Crusade Against Lynching
Jessie Daniel Ames
Martin C. Ansorge
Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching
Flossie Bailey
William O'Connell Bradley
Ella Barksdale Brown
Father Divine
"Flag Salute"
N.A.A.C.P.
National Conference on Lynching
Paul Robeson
"Strange Fruit"
Ida B. Wells

Legislation	Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill Costigan-Wagner Bill Justice for Victims of Lynching Act Emmett Till Unsolved Civil Rights Crime Act Emmett Till Antilynching Act

Defenders of lynching