Macrianus Major
Usurper of the Roman Empire (died 261)
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| Fulvius Macrianus |
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Crisis of the Third Century
Reign of Maximinus Thrax (235–238)
- Death of Alexander Severus (235)
- Harzhorn (c. 235)
- Usurpation of Magnus (c. 235)
- Usurpation of Quartinus (235)
Year of the Six Emperors (238)
- Revolt of Gordian I & Gordian II (238)
- Battle of Carthage (238)
- Siege of Aquileia (238)
- Reign of Pupienus & Balbinus (238)
- Invasion of the Carpi (238–239)
Reign of Gordian III (238–244)
- Sabinianus Revolt (240)
- Fall of Hatra (241)
- Resaena (243)
- Misiche (244)
Reign of Philip the Arab (244–249)
- Invasion of the Carpi (245–247)
- Secular Games of 248 (248)
- Usurpation of Sponsianus (240s)
- Usurpation of Pacatianus (248)
- Usurpation of Jotapianus (249)
- Usurpation of Silbannacus (249 or 253)
- Decius' Rebellion (249)
Verona and death of Philip & Philip II (249)
Reign of Decius (249–251)
- Plague of Cyprian (250–270)
- Decian persecution (250–251)
- Gothic invasion of Cniva (250–251)
- Carpi invasion of Dacia (250)
- Nicopolis ad Istrum (250)
- Beroe (250)
- Philippopolis (250)
- Usurpation of Julius Priscus (251)
- Abritus and death of Decius and Etruscus (251)
Reign of Trebonianus Gallus (251–253)
- Death of Hostilian (251)
- Mariades' Revolt (252)
- Nisibis (252)
- Barbalissos (253)
- Interamna Nahars (c 253)
Reign of Aemilianus (253)
- Antioch (253)
Reign of Valerian and Gallienus (253–260)
- Thessalonica (254)
- Thermopylae (254)
- Dura-Europos (256)
- Gothic invasion (256–257)
- Invasion of Shapur (258)
- Invasion of the Alemanni (258–260 approx)
- Mediolanum (259)
- Scythian invasion (259–260)
- Edessa (260)
Reign of Gallienus (260–268)
- Caesarea (260)
- Usurpation of Ingenuus (260)
- Usurpation of Regalianus (260)
- Usurpation of Macrianus Major (c. 259–261)
- Gallic Empire (260–274)
- Death of Saloninus (260)
- Roxolani Invasion of Pannonia (260)
- Campaigns of Odaenathus (260–267)
- Usurpation of Quietus (261)
- Usurpation of Balista (261)
- Usurpation of Valens Thessalonicus (261)
- Usurpation of Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi (261)
- Usurpation of Macrianus Minor (261)
- Pannonian Rebellion (261)
- Usurpation of Mussius Aemilianus (261–262)
- Postumus' Campaign against the Franks (262)
- Postumus' Campaign against the Alamanni (263)
- Ctesiphon (263)
- Scythian Invasion (265–266)
- Assassination of Odaenathus (267)
- Usurpation of Maeonius (266–267)
- Scythian Invasion (267–269)
- Heruli Raids (267)
- Athens (267)
- Usurpation of Acilius Aureolus (268)
Reign of Claudius Gothicus (268–270)
- Usurpation of Laelianus (269)
- Reign of Marcus Aurelius Marius (269)
- Augustodunum Haeduorum
- Naissus (268/269)
- Lake Benacus (268 or 269)
- Capture of Athens (269)
- Palmyrene Empire (270–273)
- Bostra (270)
- Palmyrene invasion of Egypt (270)
- Vandal Invasion (270)
Reign of Aurelian (270–275)
- Usurpation of Victorinus Junior (271)
- Junthungi Invasion (271)
- Domitian II (271)
- Tetricus I & Tetricus II (271–274)
- Rebellion of Felicissimus (270s)
- Placentia (271)
- Fano (271)
- Pavia (271)
- Tyana (272)
- Immae (272)
- Emesa (272)
- Razing of Palmyra (273)
- Usurpation of Faustinus (c. 273)
- Châlons (274)
Reign of Tacitus (275-276)
- Gothic Invasion (276-277)
Reign of Probus (276-282)
- Vandal Invasion (276-278)
- Sarmatian Invasion (278)
- Usurpation of Bonosus & Proculus (280)
- Usurpation of Julius Saturninus (280)
Reign of Carus (282-283)
- Carus' invasion of the Sasanian Empire (283)
Reign of Carinus (283-285)
- Usurpation of Julian of Pannonia (284-285)
- Margum (285)
Fulvius Macrianus (d. 261), also called Macrianus Major, was a Roman usurper. He was one of Valerian's fiscal officers.[1][2] More precisely, sources refer to him as being in charge of the whole state accounts (A rationibus) or, in the language of a later age, as Count of the Treasury (Comes Sacrarum Largitionum) and the person in charge of markets and provisions. It seems almost certain that he was an Equestrian. The Historia Augusta claims that he was the foremost of Valerian's military commanders, but that is most likely a gross exaggeration, if not entirely fictitious.[3] He followed Valerian during his ultimately catastrophic campaign against the Persians in 259 or 260; however, he remained at Samosata during the fatal battle of Edessa and his role in the events before and after the battle is questionable.[4] After Valerian's capture by Sassanid Emperor Shapur I, Valerian's son Gallienus became sole emperor, but was occupied with his own problems in the West. Macrianus grabbed the opportunity. With the support of Balista, one of Valerian's military commanders, and with the influence that possession of the treasury of Valerian brought, Macrianus managed to have his two sons Macrianus Minor and Quietus elevated to the throne. He himself was not able to assume the purple because he was deformed in one of his legs.[5]
Quietus and Balista stayed in the East to secure their rule. Macrianus Major and Minor marched the eastern army from Asia to Europe, but were defeated in Thrace in 261 by Aureolus. Macrianus and his son were killed in the battle. According to Joannes Zonaras, their army was encircled by Aureolus and surrendered, except for the Pannonian legions.[6] Macrianus asked to be killed with his son to avoid delivery to Aureolus.[7] Quietus was later murdered by Odaenathus of Palmyra.
Notes
References
- Bray, John. Gallienus : A Study in Reformist and Sexual Politics, Wakefield Press, Kent Town, 1997, ISBN 1-86254-337-2
- Potter, David S. The Roman Empire at Bay AD 180–395, Routledge, Oxon, 2004. ISBN 0-415-10058-5
- Joannes Zonaras, Epitome Historiarum, ed. L. Dindorf, Leipzig, 1870, vol. 3
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