Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic

Soviet administrative unit

Марийская Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика

ASSR of the Russian SFSR

1936–1991

Flag

Emblem

Capital

Yoshkar-Ola

• Type

Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic

History

• Established

1936

• Disestablished

1991

Preceded by

Succeeded by

Mari AO

Mari El

The Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Mari ASSR) (Mari: Марий Автоном Совет Социализм Республик, Mariy Avtonom Sovet Sotsializm Respublik) was an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR, succeeding the Mari Autonomous Oblast. When the Soviet Union disintegrated, the Mari ASSR became the Mari El Republic, a federal subject of the Russian Federation.

History

The Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was formed on December 5, 1936, according to the USSR Constitution of 1936 as a result of the transformation of the Mari Autonomous Region, created on November 4, 1920, as an autonomous territorial entity for the mountain and meadow Mari.

On October 22, 1990, by decision of the Supreme Soviet of the Mari ASSR, it was transformed into the Mari Soviet Socialist Republic (MSSR). On May 24, 1991, the Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR approved this decision, amending the Constitution of the RSFSR of 1978.^[1]

On December 9, 1992, the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation renamed the Mari SSR into the Republic of Mari El, amending Article 71 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation - Russia.^[2] This amendment entered into force from the moment of publication in the "Rossiyskaya Gazeta" on January 12, 1993.^[3]

Administrative divisions

The Mari ASSR included 14 regions.

On the territory of the Mari ASSR there were three cities (Yoshkar-Ola, Volzhsk, Kozmodemyansk) and 14 urban-type settlements.^[4]

National composition

According to the 1970 census:

Russians - 321,000 (46.9%)
Mari - 299,000 (43.6%)
Tatars - 40,000 (5.8%)
Chuvash - 9,000 (1.3%)
Ukrainians - 5,000 (0.7%)
others - 11,000 (1.7%) ^[4]

References

^ Law of the RSFSR of May 24, 1991 "On Amendments and Additions to the Constitution (Basic Law) of the RSFSR".
^ Law of the Russian Federation of December 9, 1992 No. 4061-I "On amendments and additions to the Constitution (Basic Law) of the Russian Federation - Russia".
^ "Rossiyskaya Gazeta" January 12, 1993 S. 4.^{[dead link]}
^ ^a ^b Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика.html Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969–1978 (in Russian)

Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics of the Soviet Union

By name

By year
established

1918–1924 Turkestan³
1918–1941 Volga German⁴
1919–1990 Bashkir
1920–1925 Kirghiz²
1920–1990 Tatar
1921–1991 Adjarian
1921–1945 Crimean
1921–1991 Dagestan
1921–1924 Mountain

1921–1990 Nakhichevan
1922–1991 Yakut
1923–1990 Buryat¹
1923–1940 Karelian
1924–1940 Moldavian
1924–1929 Tajik
1925–1992 Chuvash⁵
1925–1936 Kazakh²
1926–1936 Kirghiz

1931–1992 Abkhaz
1932–1992 Karakalpak
1934–1990 Mordovian
1934–1990 Udmurt⁶
1935–1943 Kalmyk
1936–1944 Checheno-Ingush
1936–1944 Kabardino-Balkarian
1936–1990 Komi
1936–1990 Mari