Maria Zankovetska

Ukrainian actress

Maria Zankovetska

Born	Maria Adasovska 4 August 1854 Zankiv, Nizhyn County, Chernihiv Governorate
Died	4 October 1934(1934-10-04) (aged 80) Kyiv, Ukrainian SSR
Occupation	Theater actress
Years active	1876-1934

Maria Kostiantynivna Adasovska (Ukrainian: Марія Костянтинівна Адасовська, romanized: Mariia Kostiantynivna Adasovska), better known under her pseudonym Maria Zankovetska (Ukrainian: Марія Заньковецька, romanized: Mariia Zankovetska); 4 August 1854 – 4 October 1934) was a Ukrainian theater actress. There are some sources that date her birth to 3 August 1860.

Zankovetska became the first recipient of the People's Artist of Ukraine (People's Artist of Ukrainian SSR) in 1922.

Biography

Maria was born to an impoverished landowner and nobleman, Kostyantyn Adasovsky,^[1] and a Chernihiv city resident (burgess) Maria Nefedova, in Zanky, Nizhyn County, Chernihiv Governorate (present-day Nizhyn Raion). She had many siblings. Maria was a graduate of the Chernihiv City Female Gymnasium.^[2]

In 1876, she first appeared onstage in Nizhyn Theater. Her professional career began on 27 October 1882 at the Yelizavetgrad City Theater (Kropyvnytsky) under the management of Marko Kropyvnytsky.^[3] Her first role was Natalka from the Kotlyarevsky play "Natalka Poltavka". Later Maria participated among the most popular and professional Ukrainian troupes of Marko Kropyvnytsky, Mykhailo Starytsky, Mykola Sadovsky, and Panas Saksahansky. Her stage name Zankovetska was derived from the name of the village of her birth. Her repertoire included more than 30 roles. A mezzo-soprano, she sang in Ukrainian folk songs.^[4]

Zankovetska was an activist for the opening in Nizhyn of a permanent state theater. In 1918, she organized a people's theater "Ukrainian troupe under direction of M. Zankovetska", where she played with such actors as Borys Romanytsky, Andriy Rotmyrov and others. Several plays were set among which were "Natalka Poltavka", "Hetman Doroshenko", "Aza the Gypsy". Recognizing her stage merits, in June 1918 the Hetman of Ukraine Pavlo Skoropadsky approved the adoption by the Council of Ministers of a resolution on the appointment of a lifetime state pension for Zankovetska.

In 1922, Ukraine triumphantly celebrated the 40th anniversary of Zankovetska's career. She was the first person in Ukraine whom the government awarded the high title of the People's Artist of the Republic.^[3]

Zankovetska died on 4 October 1934. She is buried at Baikove Cemetery in Kyiv.^[5]

List of selected theatrical roles

1882 – Natalka ("Natalka Poltavka", Ivan Kotlyarevsky)
1882 – Halya ("Nazar Stodolya", Taras Shevchenko)
1882 – Tsvirkunka ("Black Sea Sailors", Mykhailo Starytsky)
1883 – Olena ("Hlytai or the Spider", Marko Kropyvnytsky)
1887 – Kharytyna ("Serf Maiden", Ivan Karpenko-Karyi)
1889 – Katrya ("Not Destined", Mykhailo Starytsky)
1891 – Aksyusha ("Forest", Alexander Ostrovsky)
1892 – Aza ("Aza the Gypsy", Mykhailo Starytsky)
Ulyana Kvitchyna ("Wedding in Honcharivka")
Yo ("Loss of Nadiya", Herman Heijermans)

Filmography

1909 – Natalka (Natalka Poltavka)
1923 – Mother (Ostap Bandura)

Tribute

On 4 August 2014, Google celebrated Maria Zankovetska's 160th birthday with a doodle.^[6]^[7]

References

Notes

Sources

^ "1854 – народилася актриса Марія Заньковецька". Український Інститут Національної Пам’яті (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2024-01-03.
^ Шевелєва, Мар'яна (2023-08-04). "Марія Заньковецька – безсмертна зірка українського театру". Український інтерес. Retrieved 2024-01-03.
^ ^a ^b "Ми з України: Марія Заньковецька — королева українського театру й не тільки". vogue.ua (in Ukrainian). 2023-08-04. Retrieved 2024-01-03.
^ Марія Заньковецька: легенда української сцени (in Ukrainian). Вид-во "Бібліотека українця". 1998.
^ "ЗАНЬКОВЕЦЬКА МАРІЯ КОСТЯНТИНІВНА". resource.history.org.ua. Retrieved 2024-01-03.
^ Desk, OV Digital (2023-08-04). "4 August: Remembering Maria Zankovetska on Birthday". Observer Voice. Retrieved 2023-08-09.
^ "Maria Zankovetska's 160th Birthday". www.google.com. Retrieved 2023-08-09.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Maria Zankovetska.

Т.І. Лазанська. ЗАНЬКОВЕЦЬКА Марія Костянтинівна (in Ukrainian). Енциклопедія історії України: Т. 3: Е-Й / Редкол.: В. А. Смолій (голова) та ін. НАН України. Інститут історії України. - К.: В-во «Наукова думка», 2005. - 672 с.: іл. Retrieved 2014-08-01.
Photo Archives of Zankovetska
Leo Tolstoy asked Maria Zankovetska for a tissue. gazeta.ua. 04.08.2009
Melpomene of the Ukrainian stage. Triumph and tragedy. To the 150th anniversary of the birthday of Maria Zankovetska. «Mirror Weekly». № 31 (506) 7 — 13 August 2004.
Profile at hrono
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