Mephenytoin
Chemical compound
- N03AB04 (WHO)
- 5-Ethyl-3-methyl-5-phenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione
- 50-12-4
Y
- 4060
- 7223
- DB00532 Y
- 3920 Y
- R420KW629U
- D00375 Y
- ChEMBL861 Y
- DTXSID9023257
- Interactive image
- O=C2N(C(=O)NC2(c1ccccc1)CC)C
InChI
- InChI=1S/C12H14N2O2/c1-3-12(9-7-5-4-6-8-9)10(15)14(2)11(16)13-12/h4-8H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,13,16)Y
- Key:GMHKMTDVRCWUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-NY
Mephenytoin (marketed as Mesantoin by Novartis) is a hydantoin, used as an anticonvulsant. It was introduced approximately 10 years after phenytoin, in the late 1940s. The significant metabolite of mephenytoin is nirvanol (5-ethyl-5-phenylhydantoin), which was the first hydantoin (briefly used as a hypnotic). However, nirvanol is quite toxic and mephenytoin was only considered after other less toxic anticonvulsants had failed. It can cause potentially fatal blood dyscrasia in 1% of patients.
Mephenytoin is no longer available in the US or the UK. It is still studied largely because of its interesting hydroxylation polymorphism.
References
- Shorvon SD, Fish DR, Perucca E, Dodson WE, eds. (2004). The Treatment of Epilepsy. Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 0-632-06046-8.
- Resor SR (1991). The Medical Treatment of Epilepsy. Marcel Dekker. ISBN 0-8247-8549-5.
- "Mephenytoin". The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database.
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modulators
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- #WHO-EM
- ‡Withdrawn from market
- Clinical trials:
- †Phase III
- §Never to phase III
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