Muhammad ibn Idris

Sultan of Morocco
Muhammad bin Idris
محمد بن إدريس
Sultan of Morocco
Reign828–836
PredecessorIdris II al-Azhar bin Idris
SuccessorAli bin Muhammad
Bornunknown
Fes, Morocco
Died836
Fes, Morocco
SpouseRoqiya bint Ismail al-Azadi[1]
IssueAli bin Muhammad
Names
Muhammad bin Idris
DynastyIdrisid
FatherIdris II
ReligionIslam

Muhammad bin Idris bin Idris bin Abdullah (Arabic: محمد بن إدريس بن إدريس بن عبد الله) was the third Idrisid sultan of Morocco.

Life

He was the oldest of the twelve sons of Idris II. Upon the death of his father in 828, acting on the advice of his grandmother he divided the Idrisid realm among his older brothers, keeping only the capital, Fes, for himself.[2] This weakened his authority and immediately gave rise to civil war and the decline of the Idrisid dynasty.[2]

When the fourth brother, Isa, ruler of Wazeqqur, revolted against Fes, Muhammad sought the assistance first of Qasim, ruler of Tangier, but was refused. He then turned to Umar, ruler of the Rif Mountains, who defeated both Isa and Qasim, receiving in return the governorship over Tangier.[2] The descendants of Umar and of Qasim would later rival for the leadership of the Idrisid realm after Muhammad's line went extinct.[3]

Muhammad died in March/April 836 in Fes, and was buried there. He was succeeded by his son, Ali, who was only nine years old at the time.[4]

Genealogy

  • v
  • t
  • e
Family tree of the Idrisid dynasty
Prophet Muhammad
Ali al-MurtadaFatima al-Zahra
Hasan al-Mujtaba
Hasan al-Muthanna
Abdallah al-Kamil
Idris I al-Akbar (1)
r. 788–791
Idris II (2)
r. 803–828
Muhammad (3)
r. 828–836
Umaral-QasimDawud (8)
r. c. 877
Ali I (4)
r. 836–849
Yahya I (5)
r. 849–863
Ali II (7)
r. 866–unknown
IdrisMuhammadYahya III (9)
r. unknown–905
Yahya II (6)
r. 863–866
Yahya IV (10)
r. 905–919/922
Hasan I (11)
r. 928–930
al-Qasim (12)
r. 937–949
Abu'l-Aysh (13)
r. 949–952
Hasan II (14)
r. 952–974, 985
Hammudids
Benchekroun, Chafik T. (2018). "Idrīsids". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). Brill Online. ISSN 1873-9830.

References

  1. ^ al-Fāsī, ʻAlī ibn ʻAbd Allāh Ibn Abī Zarʻ; al-Gharnāṭī, Ṣāliḥ ibn ʻAbd al-Ḥalīm (1860). Roudh el-Kartas: Histoire des souverains du Maghreb (Espagne et Maroc) et annales de la ville de Fès (in French). Impr. impériale. p. 64.
  2. ^ a b c Eustache 1971, p. 1035.
  3. ^ Eustache 1971, pp. 1035–1036.
  4. ^ Eustache 1971, pp. 1035, 1036.

Sources


Preceded by Idrisid emir of Morocco
828–836
Succeeded by
  • v
  • t
  • e
Idrisid dynasty
(788–974)
  • Idris I (Idris ibn Abdallah)
  • Idris II (Idris ibn Idris)
  • Muhammad ibn Idris
  • Ali I (Ali ibn Muhammad)
  • Yahya I (Yahya ibn Muhammad)
  • Yahya II (Yahya ibn Yahya)
  • Ali II (Ali ibn Umar)
  • Yahya III (Yahya ibn al-Qasim)
  • Yahya IV (Yahya ibn Idris ibn Umar)
  • Hasan I (al-Hasan ibn Muhammad)
  • Al-Qasim ibn Ibrahim
  • Abu'l-Aysh ibn al-Qasim
  • Hasan II (al-Hasan ibn al-Qasim)
Almoravid dynasty
(1040–1147)
Almohad dynasty
(1121–1269)
Marinid dynasty
(1244–1465)
Idrisid interlude
(1465–1471)
  • Muhammad ibn Ali Amrani-Joutey
Wattasid dynasty
(1471–1549, 1554)
Saadi dynasty
(1549–1659)
Dila'i interlude
(1659–1663)
Alawi dynasty
(1666–present)