Mykola Azarov
Ukrainian politician
Микола Азаров
Николай Азаров
Azarov in 2012
11 March 2010 – 28 January 2014
Valeriy Khoroshkovskyi (2012)
Serhiy Arbuzov (2012–14)
5 January 2005 – 24 January 2005
Acting
7 December 2004 – 28 December 2004
Acting
4 August 2006 – 18 December 2007
26 November 2002 – 3 February 2005
Yulia Tymoshenko
4 August 2006 – 18 December 2007
26 November 2002 – 3 February 2005
Yulia Tymoshenko
Nikolai Yanovich Pakhlo
(1947-12-17) 17 December 1947 (age 76)
Kaluga, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
(now Russia)
affiliations
Party of Labor (1992–2001)
Mykola Yanovych Azarov (Ukrainian: Микола Янович Азаров; Russian: Николай Янович Азаров, romanized: Nikolay Yanovich Azarov; né Pakhlo, Cyrillic: Пахло; born 17 December 1947) is a Ukrainian politician who was the Prime Minister of Ukraine from 11 March 2010 to 27 January 2014. He was the First Vice Prime Minister and Finance Minister from 2002 to 2005 and again from 2006 to 2007. Azarov also served ex officio as an acting prime minister in the First Yanukovych Government when Viktor Yanukovych ran for president at first and then upon the resignation of his government.
Following the victory of Viktor Yanukovych in the 2010 presidential election, Azarov succeeded Yanukovych as leader of the Party of Regions and was appointed as prime minister in March 2010.[1][2] In January 2014, after weeks of Euromaidan protests and the 2014 Hrushevskoho Street riots,[nb 1] Azarov offered his letter of resignation.[4] After the Revolution of Dignity, Azarov fled to Russia and according to Azarov himself, was allegedly offered "political refugee status on the personal instructions of Vladimir Putin".[5] Since then he has been reportedly living in the vicinity of the Russian village of Petrovo-Dalneye, near Moscow.[6]
Since July 2014, Azarov has been on the international wanted list for alleged abuse of power. On 19 January 2015 Kyiv District Court of Pechersk Raion issued an arrest warrant as a preventive measure to allow for the extradition of Azarov from the Russian Federation.[7] Azarov is currently the subject of international sanctions from the U.S., European Union, Norway, Canada, and Switzerland due to his role in the Euromaidan. In 2015, he set up the Ukraine Salvation Committee, a government in exile that was widely seen as a pro-Russian puppet.[8][9]
Early life, education and career
Azarov was born in Kaluga[10] on 17 December 1947 in the Russian SFSR, Soviet Union,[11] to a half-Russian and half-Estonian father, Jaan Pahlo, and a Russian mother, Yekaterina Pavlovna Kvasnikova, as Nikolay Pakhlo.[12][13] When he married his wife, Lyudmila Azarova, he took her name.[12][13] Azarov attended the Moscow State University where he earned his doctorate in geology and mineralogy in 1973.[10] He worked at the Tulaugol coal enterprise until 1976.[10] Azarov moved to Donetsk permanently in 1984 to become deputy director of the Ukrainian State Geological Institute, that he went on to head.[13] In 1984–1995 he was a deputy director and director of Ukraine's State Research and Design Institute of Mining Geology and Geomechanics.[10] In 1991 he was hired as a professor at Donetsk National Technical University.[citation needed]
Political career
Parliamentary career
In 1994 Azarov was elected member of the Verkhovna Rada (the Ukrainian parliament) for the first time, representing the Petroskiy electoral district, located in the city of Donetsk.[citation needed] In 1995–1997 he served as head of the parliament's Committee on Budgets while also sitting on the Verkhovna Rada's presidium.[citation needed] In parliament, he belonged to an inter-regional group of MPs supporting then-President of Ukraine Leonid Kuchma.[citation needed] In 1995, while carrying on as an MP, Azarov was appointed an adviser to the currency council of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.[citation needed] In 1996 he became Chairman of the State Tax Administration of Ukraine.
Head of State Tax Administration
Azarov was a long-term (1996–2002) head of the State Tax Administration.[10][13] During this period tax inspections were used to limit the freedom of the press in Ukraine.[14][15][16][17] On tapes made during the Cassette Scandal Azarov is heard speaking on recordings, secretly recorded in Kuchma's office by Kuchma's bodyguard Mykola Melnychenko, about using his position as the head of the tax authority to pressure officials to ensure Kuchma's reelection in 1999.[13][18] Critics also stated that the recordings implicated Azarov in other corrupt schemes, including allegedly covering up graft at the state natural gas company Naftogaz,[13] aiding the demise of the Slaviansk Bank (which was connected to Yulia Tymoshenko's natural gas company United Energy Systems of Ukraine)[13] and illegal funding of Kuchma's 1999 election campaign.[19] Azarov has vehemently refuted all these allegations.[13] In 2002, he accused Slavyansk Bank president Borys Feldman of being behind the Cassette Scandal recordings.[13]
First Vice Prime Minister and Finance Minister
In 2001 he became the head of the Party of Regions but resigned from the post in less than a year.[citation needed] In 2003 Azarov was elected chairman of the Party of Regions political council.[10] In 2002, the European Choice parliamentary group nominated him for the Prime Minister's post.[citation needed] Still, he declined, standing aside for Viktor Yanukovych, who assumed both the leadership of the Party of Regions and the Prime Minister's job.[13] Azarov was appointed First Vice Prime Minister and Finance Minister in late November 2002, when the first Yanukovych Government took office.[10][20] During the first Yanukovych Government governing the set of economic reforms was implemented including fiscal, tax, pensionary, regulatory reforms. During Azarov's first term as Finance Minister, the annual GDP growth was 9.6% in 2003 and 12.1% in 2004 (cf. 2.7% in 2005) in Ukraine,[21] with capital investments of 31.3% and 28.0%[22] (cf. 1.9% in 2005[23]).[24]
Azarov first served as acting prime minister from 7 December 2004 to 28 December 2004, after Yanukovych was put on vacation leave by President Kuchma in the midst of the Orange Revolution.[10][25] After the runoff, Yanukovych attempted to resume his duties as prime minister, but effectively unable to do so, announced his resignation on 31 December 2004,[26] and Azarov was named acting prime minister again.[10][25] The Yanukovych Cabinet was officially dismissed on 5 January 2005.[27] Azarov continued as acting prime minister until shortly after the inauguration of Viktor Yushchenko, when Yulia Tymoshenko was appointed Prime Minister on 24 January 2005.[25][27] Azarov remained a strong political ally of Yanukovych, and again became a member of parliament for the Party of Regions after the 2006 Parliamentary elections.[10] When Yanukovych became prime minister again on 4 August 2006, Azarov was elected the First Vice Prime Minister and Finance Minister in the second Yanukovych Government.[10]
Prime Minister
Following his election as President of Ukraine,[28][29] Viktor Yanukovych offered three candidates for Prime Minister on 21 February 2010: Sergei Tigipko, Our Ukraine faction member Arseniy Yatsenyuk and Azarov.[28] Azarov had headed Yanukovych's election campaign during the 2010 Presidential elections.[13] The Verkhovna Rada appointed Azarov Prime Minister of Ukraine on 11 March 2010.[30][31] Of the 343 lawmakers registered in the session hall, 242 voted in favor of the appointment.[30] The following month he was elected head of the Party of Regions.[32] In 28 October 2012 parliamentary election he was (re)-elected into parliament heading the party list of Party of Regions.[33][34] Following Azarov's resignation as Prime Minister on 3 December 2012 (after several cabinet members including Azirov were elected to parliament in the previous election, something which obliged them to give up their ministerial mandates[35]) his cabinet stayed on as caretaker government from 3 December 2012.[36] On 5 December President Yanukovych stated "Azarov has good chances of remaining prime minister, (but) a lot will depend on whom he brings to his team".[37] On 9 December Yanukovych nominated him for a new term as prime minister.[38] This nomination was approved by parliament on 13 December 2012.[39] On 24 December 2012 the second Azarov Government was appointed by President Yanukovych.[40]
Resignation as Prime Minister
Azarov resigned on 28 January 2014 amid heavy riots and the Euromaidan protests.[4] According to his cabinet, Azarov was quoted saying that "To create additional opportunities for socio-political compromise, for the sake of the peaceful settlement of the conflict, I have made a personal decision to ask the Ukrainian president to accept my resignation from the post of Ukrainian prime minister".[41] Yevhen Murayev told Dmitry Gordon that he took the fleeing Azarov out of Ukraine from Kharkiv to Belgorod during the events of Maidan.[42] Azarov flew to Austria to join family members in a private jet hours after quitting.[43] As of 23 February 2014 Azarov is based in the Russian Federation.[44] On 29 March 2014, during a party congress, Azarov was expelled from the Party of Regions.[45]
Post-resignation
On 3 August 2015, Azarov announced the creation of the Ukraine Salvation Committee (Комитет спасения Украины) set up outside Ukraine (in Moscow), seeking to have "all citizens, political parties, labor union and social movements to unite and restore order in our home by joint efforts"[46] and to change Ukraine's leadership.[47][48] The committee's chairman and its choice for President of Ukraine is Volodymyr Oliynyk.[47] Azarov claimed he could not name all members of the committee because some lived in Ukraine and it would be dangerous to disclose their names.[47]
Interpol Red Notice
As of 12 January 2015, Azarov has had an Interpol Red Notice issued,[49] along with ex-President Viktor Yanukovych and former Minister of Finance Yuriy Kolobov,[50] on charges of 'Misappropriation, embezzlement or conversion of property by malversation, if committed in respect of an especially gross amount, or by an organized group.'[51]
Since 3 July 2014, Azarov is in the international wanted list for abuse of power.[52][53]
Family
Azarov's son, Oleksiy, was a constituency candidate in Sloviansk for the Party of Regions during the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election.[54] He was elected into parliament.[34][55]
In April 2014, Austrian authorities began an investigation of Oleksiy Azarov, among several other Ukrainians close to the former government, on money-laundering suspicions. Austrian banks reported suspicious capital flows earlier in 2014.[56]
Cultural and political image
Azarov speaks Ukrainian poorly.[25][57][58] Still, he assured his constituents in early March 2010 that his government would be speaking Ukrainian.[58] Nevertheless his attempts to speak Ukrainian in public have led to the humorous term "Azirivka" for his blunders. In April 2011, he stated: "I feel one hundred percent Ukrainian".[59] In an 11 March 2010 article the UK daily The Guardian labeled him the most Russophile member of the new cabinet. In the same article, an anonymous Ukrainian official noted, "He's extremely boring and anti-populist".[60] A November 2010 Razumkov Centre nationwide survey showed that only 13.2 percent of respondents fully support his government while 45 percent stated they did not.[61]
On 13 December 2012, during the parliamentary discussion of Azarov's candidacy for the Prime Minister of Ukraine, People's Deputy of Ukraine Iryna Farion publicly asked for clarification on the reason for Azarov's inability to master the state language.[nb 2] On that the candidate to the Prime Minister of Ukraine replied that he agreed to improve his Ukrainian.[63]
Views on society
Azarov had the Prime Ministerial office blessed by a priest from Kyiv Pechersk Lavra soon after he was elected prime minister in 2010.[64] Azarov stated in March 2010 there were no female ministers in the Azarov Government because "Reforms do not fall into women's competence", while adding that he greatly respects women.[64] After criticism from female politicians at home and abroad, Azarov explained that he meant he would not wish any woman, especially if she has children, to work more than 15 hours a day as a Ukrainian minister does.[65] In response Ukrainian women's rights groups filed different court cases against him.[65] Azarov stated in May 2010 that corruption was one of the biggest problems of Ukraine, "We must combat not just instances of corruption, but totally corrupt systems".[66]
In a 22 January 2021 Facebook post on the occasion of the Day of Unity of Ukraine celebrating the 1919 symbolic unification of the Ukrainian People's Republic and the West Ukrainian People's Republic, Azarov claimed that instead, the 1939 Soviet annexation of Eastern Galicia and Volhynia should be recognized as the day Ukraine gained "the real unity of Ukraine".[67] According to Azarov "many Ukrainians, do not know these facts, because now the Soviet period of Ukraine is smeared with black paint, and Bandera is glorified and glorified."[67][nb 3]
See also
Notes
- ^ The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine claimed on 25 January 2014 that a policemen who was walking home in civilian clothing had been killed by a shot in his head.[3]
- ^ During the parliamentary debate Iryna Farion quoted Socrates: "Talk, and I will see you". She went on to claim: "The whole country is mastering the comicality of your speech. What can help you in this issue to learn, at least at an elementary level, the Ukrainian language? As a pedagogue with 20 years of experience, I see this problem in two aspects: the inability to learn the language shows either that the person is politically biased or mentally challenged. Thus, in which system of coordinates are you actually situated?"[62]
- ^ Azarov also claimed that prior to 1939 Western Ukraine became part of the USSR "there was no industry or social infrastructure. And look at what has been created in Western Ukraine for several decades of independence."[67]
References
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- ^ "Yanukovych suspends his membership in Party of Regions, hands over party leadership to Azarov". Kyiv Post. Interfax-Ukraine. 3 March 2010. Archived from the original on 22 January 2011.
- ^ "Policeman shot dead in Kyiv, another policeman sustains knife wound – Ukrainian interior ministry". Interfax-Ukraine. 25 January 2014. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014.
- ^ a b "Ukraine's PM Azarov and government resign". BBC News. 28 January 2014. Archived from the original on 28 January 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
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- ^ "Investment climate in Ukraine in the first half of 2005". World Bank. Retrieved 30 August 2010. [dead link]
- ^ Parliamentary Assembly, Working Papers: Ordinary Session, June 2006. Council of Europe. 31 March 2007. p. 98. ISBN 9789287160270. Archived from the original on 1 December 2008.
- ^ "Main social and economic indicators of Ukraine 2001–2008". National Bank of Ukraine. Archived from the original on 25 August 2010. Retrieved 30 August 2010.
- ^ a b c d "Newsmaker: Ukraine prime minister nominee is close ally of president". Kyiv Post. 11 March 2010. Archived from the original on 14 March 2010.
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"Yanukovych quits as Ukraine PM". BBC News. 31 December 2004. Archived from the original on 14 March 2006. - ^ a b "Ukrainian parliament dismisses Tymoshenko's government". Interfax-Ukraine. 10 March 2010. Archived from the original on 23 May 2012.
- ^ a b "Yanukovych has yet to secure ruling majority in parliament". Kyiv Post. 25 February 2010. Archived from the original on 3 March 2010.
- ^ "Ukraine: Tymoshenko vows to contest election result". BBC News. 15 February 2010. Archived from the original on 14 February 2010.
- ^ a b "Azarov became Prime Minister". UNIAN. 11 March 2010. Archived from the original on 14 March 2010. Retrieved 11 March 2010.
- ^ "Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych forms coalition". BBC News. 11 March 2010. Archived from the original on 12 March 2010.
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- ^ a b Список депутатів нової Верховної Ради [List of MPs in the new parliament]. Ukrayinska Pravda (in Ukrainian). 11 November 2012. Archived from the original on 22 November 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
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"Ukraine government resigns, stays on in acting role". Kyiv Post. Reuters. 3 December 2012. Archived from the original on 4 December 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2012. - ^ "Yanukovych: Azarov has good chance of remaining prime minister". Kyiv Post. Interfax-Ukraine. 5 December 2012. Archived from the original on 5 December 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2012.
- ^ "Yanukovych picks Azarov for new term as prime minister (updated)". Kyiv Post. Interfax-Ukraine. 9 December 2012. Archived from the original on 11 December 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
- ^ "Ukraine parliament approves Azarov as prime minister". Reuters. 13 December 2012. Archived from the original on 14 December 2012. Retrieved 13 December 2012.
- ^ "President of Ukraine has appointed new staff of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine". Ukrainian Independent Information Agency. 24 December 2012. Archived from the original on 11 December 2013. Retrieved 24 December 2012.
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- ^ Гордон, Дмитро (Gordon, Dmitro) (10 July 2019). "Мураев: Азаров попросил: "Можешь меня отвезти в Белгород?" Я отвез. С ним была дорожная сумка, небольшая. Должен был забрать через два дня, но он уже не вернулся" [Muraev: Azarov asked: "Can you take me to Belgorod?" I took. He had a small travel bag with him. I was supposed to pick it up in two days, but it hasn't returned.]. «ГОРДОН» (Gordonau.com) (in Russian). Retrieved 17 February 2022.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Ukraine ex-PM Azarov jets to Austria". GlobalPost. Agence France-Presse. 31 January 2014. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014.
- ^ "Azarov left for Russia". Interfax-Ukraine. 23 February 2014. Archived from the original on 27 February 2014.
- ^ ""Party of Regions" has excluded Yanukovich, Arbuzov, Klimenko and proceeded to the form of collective management". 9 April 2014. Archived from the original on 8 April 2014.
- ^ "Ukraine's former prime minister Azarov announces establishing Ukraine Salvation Committee". Russian News Agency TASS. 3 August 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
- ^ a b c Ex-PM Azarov, In Moscow, Proclaims 'Salvation Committee' For Ukraine, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (3 August 2015)
- ^ "Экс-премьер Азаров заявил о создании "Комитета спасения Украины"". RIA Novosti. 3 August 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
- ^ "AZAROV, MYKOLA". interpol.int. Archived from the original on 10 January 2019. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
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- ^ Weber, Alexander (15 April 2014). "Austria Probes Azarov Son, Other Ukrainians on Money Laundering". Bloomberg Business. Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
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Уроки куртульной речи от министра б'Азарова. on YouTube - ^ "Azarov: I feel one hundred percent Ukrainian". Kyiv Post. 12 April 2011. Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 12 April 2011.
- ^ Luke Harding (11 March 2010). "Ukraine's new government puts final nail in coffin of the Orange Revolution". The Guardian. UK. Archived from the original on 14 March 2010. Retrieved 12 March 2010.
- ^ "Yanukovych to slim ranks of government". Kyiv Post. 16 December 2010. Archived from the original on 21 December 2010.
- ^ (in Ukrainian) "Iryna Farion presented to Azarov the book "Linguistic norm: annihilation, search, revival"" [Ірина Фаріон подарувала Азарову книгу "Мовна норма: знищення, пошук, віднова"]. Swoboda. 31 December 2012. Archived from the original on 8 January 2013. Retrieved 6 January 2013.
- ^ Video footage of parliamentary session on 13 December 2012, YouTube (13 December 2012)
- ^ a b "Ukrainian Prime Minister Azarov had his office blessed". Interfax-Ukraine. 19 March 2010. Archived from the original on 23 May 2012.
Harding, Luke (24 March 2010). "Ukrainian women berate 'Neanderthal' PM for sexist remarks". The Guardian. UK. Archived from the original on 27 March 2010. Retrieved 25 March 2010. - ^ a b "Women accuse Ukraine's Azirov of discrimination". Kyiv Post. 1 April 2010. Archived from the original on 3 April 2010. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
- ^ "Azarov informs scientists about social and economic situation in Ukraine". Kyiv Post. Interfax-Ukraine. 24 May 2010. Archived from the original on 17 April 2014.
- ^ a b c (in Ukrainian) Unity Day: reflections of politicians, non-politicians and Azarov, Historisna Pravda (22 January 2021)
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mykola Azarov.
- "Former official biography as first vice-premier of Ukraine". Retrieved 11 September 2006. (broken)
- Web page of Mykola Azarov (broken)
| Party political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Valentyn Landyk | Leader of the Party of Labor 1993–1994 | Succeeded by Valentyn Landyk |
| New office | Leader of the Party of Regions 2001 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Leader of the Party of Regions 2010 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Leader of the Party of Regions 2010–2014 | Succeeded by |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by | Deputy Prime Minister of Ukraine 2002–2005 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by Ihor Yushko | Minister of Finance 2002–2005 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Prime Minister of Ukraine Acting 2004 | Succeeded by |
| Prime Minister of Ukraine Acting 2005 | Succeeded by | |
| Preceded by | Deputy Prime Minister of Ukraine 2006–2007 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Minister of Finance 2006–2007 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Prime Minister of Ukraine 2010–2014 | Succeeded by |
- v
- t
- e
(1917–1920)
- Volodymyr Vynnychenko
- Vsevolod Holubovych
- Mykola Sakhno-Ustymovych1
- Mykola Vasylenko1
- Fedir Lyzohub
- Serhii Gerbel
- Volodymyr Chekhivskyi
- Serhii Ostapenko
- Borys Martos
- Isaak Mazepa
- Vyacheslav Prokopovych
1 denotes acting
Ministers of Finance of Ukraine | ||
|---|---|---|
Oleksandr Kovalenko • Hryhoriy Piatachenko • Petro Hermanchuk • Valentyn Koronevsky • Ihor Mityukov • Ihor Yushko • Mykola Azarov • Viktor Pynzenyk • Mykola Azarov • Viktor Pynzenyk • Ihor Umanskyi • Fedir Yaroshenko • Valeriy Khoroshkovsky • Yuriy Kolobov • Oleksandr Shlapak • Natalie Jaresko • Oleksandr Danylyuk • Oksana Markarova • Ihor Umanskyi • Serhiy Marchenko |  | |
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Prime-minister: Mykola Azarov First vice-premier-minister: Andriy Klyuev (2010–2012), Valeriy Khoroshkovskyi (2012) Vice-premier-minister on issues of economic matters: Serhiy Tihipko Vice-premier-minister on issues of Euro 2012: Borys Kolesnikov Vice-premier-minister on issues of regional policy: Viktor Tykhonov Vice-premier-minister on issues of agrarian and industrial complex: Viktor Slauta (2010) Vice-premier-minister on issues of humanitarian policy: Volodymyr Semynozhenko (2010) Vice-premier-minister on the "Security bloc": Volodymyr Sivkovych (2010) Vice-premier-minister: Raisa Bogatyryova (2012)
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