National Code of Nepal

The National Code, 1963 मुलुकी ऐन, २०२०
HM the King Mahendra
Long title The National Code
Citation	Act No. 67 of 2019 (1963)
Territorial extent	Whole of Nepal
Enacted by	HM the King Mahendra
Enacted	12 April 1963
Royal assent	12 April 1963
Commenced	17 August 1963
Repeals
Contract Act, 1966 Evidence Act, 1974 Some Nepal Acts Repealing Act, 1990 Court Proceedings Related Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 1990 Children Act, 1992 Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 1993 Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 1999 Slaughtering House and Meat Inspection Act, 1999 Punishment Related Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 1999 Contract Act, 2000 Court Proceedings Related Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 2002 Some Nepal Acts Amendment Act, 2006 Some Nepal Acts to Maintain Gender Equality Amendment Act, 2006 Republic Strengthening and Some Nepal Laws Amendment Act, 2010
Amended by
National Code (First Amendment) Act, 1964 National Code (Second Amendment) Act, 1967 National Code (Third Amendment) Act, 1968 National Code (Fourth Amendment) Act, 1970 National Code (Fifth Amendment) Act, 1974 National Code (Sixth Amendment) Act, 1976 National Code (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1978 National Code (Eighth Amendment) Act, 1985 National Code (Ninth Amendment) Act, 1986 National Code (Tenth Amendment) Act, 1993 National Code (Eleventh Amendment) Act, 2002 National Code (Twelfth Amendment) Act, 2007
Status: Repealed

The National Code (Nepali: मुलुकी ऐन; Muluki Ain, literally: Nation's Code) is a single comprehensive code that includes criminal and civil code along with the code of procedures of Nepal. The National Code has been replaced by the Muluki Criminal Code and its Code of Procedures and the Muluki Civil Code and its Code of Procedures on August 17, 2018.^[1]

History

The Manav Nyaya Shastra (Nepali: मानव न्याय शास्त्र; Newari: Nyayavikasini;^[2] literally: Human Justice Code) is the first codified law of Nepal. It was written during the Malla Dynasty in the 14th century. This is believed to be the root of structured law system in Nepal.

The Mulukī Ain of 1854 is the foundational legal text for modern Nepal.^[3] The laws remained largely unchanged until 1963. In 2018, the Mulukī Ain was replaced by the new criminal and civil codes, and their respective codes of procedure.^[4]

Outline

It was enacted by king Mahendra. The General Code is divided into the following parts and chapters:

• Preamble
• Part 1

On Preliminary Matters

• Part 2

Chapter 1: On Court Proceedings

Chapter 2: On Punishment

• Part 3

Chapter 1: On Document Scrutiny

Chapter 2: On Guarantee

Chapter 3: On Bona Vacantia

Chapter 4: On Wages

Chapter 5: On Pauper

Chapter 6: On Lost and Found Quadruped

Chapter 7: On Trusts

Chapter 8: On Cultivation of Land

Chapter 9: On Land Evictions

Chapter 10: On Encroachment of Land

Chapter 11: On Construction of Buildings

Chapter 12: On Husband and Wife

Chapter 13: On Partition

Chapter 14: On Women's Share and Property

Chapter 15: On Adoption

Chapter 16: On Inheritance

Chapter 17: On General Transactions

Chapter 18: On Bailment

Chapter 19: On Donation and Gift

Chapter 20: On Insolvency/Bankruptcy

Chapter 21: On Registration of Deeds

Chapter 22: On Default of Payment

• Part 4

Chapter 1: On Forged Document (Forgery)

Chapter 2: On Looting

Chapter 3: On Cheating

Chapter 4: On Theft/Stealing

Chapter 5: On Arson

Chapter 6: On Counterfeiting

Chapter 7: On Quadruped

Chapter 8: On Illegal Detention

Chapter 8A: On Kidnapping/Abduction and Hostage Taking

Chapter 9: On Hurt/Battery

Chapter 10: On Homicide

Chapter 11: On Human Trafficking

Chapter 12: On Medical Treatment

Chapter 13: On Intention of Sex

Chapter 14: On Rape

Chapter 15: On Incest

Chapter 16: On Bestiality

Chapter 17: On Marriage

Chapter 18: On Adultery

Chapter 19: On Decency/Etiquette

• Part 5

Repeal

References