Olavo Bilac

Brazilian Parnassian poet, journalist and translator

Olavo Bilac
Bilac, c. 1895
Bilac, c. 1895
BornOlavo Brás Martins dos Guimarães Bilac
(1865-12-16)16 December 1865
Rio de Janeiro, Empire of Brazil
Died28 December 1918(1918-12-28) (aged 53)
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
OccupationPoet, journalist, translator
Alma materFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Literary movementParnassianism
Notable worksPoesias
Brazilian Flag Anthem
Signature

Olavo Brás Martins dos Guimarães Bilac (16 December 1865 – 28 December 1918), known simply as Olavo Bilac (Portuguese pronunciation: [oˈlavu biˈlak(i)]), was a Brazilian Parnassian poet, journalist and translator. Alongside Alberto de Oliveira and Raimundo Correia, he was a member of the "Parnassian Triad". He was elected the "Prince of Brazilian Poets" in 1907 by the magazine Fon-Fon. He wrote the lyrics of the Brazilian Flag Anthem.[1]

He founded and occupied the 15th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters from 1897 until his death in 1918.[2] He is also the patron of the military service in Brazil due to his campaigns in favor of conscription.

Life

Bilac was born in Rio de Janeiro to Brás Martins dos Guimarães Bilac and Delfina Belmira Gomes de Paula. As a young man, he was a brilliant student, enrolling in the school of medicine at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro at the age of 15.

He began studying medicine, but did not finish the course. He also tried to study law at the Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo but did not finish that course either. Instead, he found pleasure in writing and in journalism.

His first work was the sonnet "Sesta de Nero" ("Nero's Nap") in the newspaper Gazeta de Notícias in 1884, which received praise from Artur Azevedo.

In addition to poetry, Bilac wrote publicity texts, chronicles, schoolbooks, children's poetry and satirical works. In 1891, he was arrested at the Fortaleza da Laje in Rio de Janeiro for opposing the government of Floriano Peixoto.

In 1897, Bilac lost control of his car, crashing it in a tree. He was the first person to suffer a car accident in Brazil.[citation needed]

Bilac never married and never had children. He was engaged to Amélia de Oliveira, the sister of the poet Alberto de Oliveira, but their engagement was short-lived since it was opposed by another brother of Amélia, who said Bilac had no future. He had an even shorter engagement to Maria Selika, daughter of violinist Francisco Pereira da Costa, but a legend says that Amélia was very faithful to Bilac: she never married, and, when Bilac died, she put a lock of her hair in his coffin.

Bilac died in 1918. His last words were "Give me coffee! I'm going to write!"

Bibliography

  • Poesias (1888)
  • O Esqueleto (1890 — in partnership with Pardal Mallet)
  • Crônicas e Novelas (1894)
  • Crítica e Fantasia (1904)
  • Conferências Literárias (1906)
  • Tratado de Versificação (1910 — in partnership with Guimarães Passos)
  • Dicionário de Rimas (1913 — in partnership with Guimarães Passos)
  • Ironia e Piedade (1916)

Bilac also translated, into Portuguese, Wilhelm Busch's Max and Moritz as As Travessuras de Juca e Chico (Juca and Chico's Pranks).

Popular culture

Bilac was portrayed by Rui Minharro in the 1999 miniseries Chiquinha Gonzaga, and gives his name to a character portrayed by Carlos Alberto Riccelli in the 2006 film Brasília 18%, directed by Nelson Pereira dos Santos.

References

  1. ^ "Olavo Bilac: Biography and Poems | Brazilian Poetry". Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  2. ^ "Olavo Bilac" (in Portuguese). Academia Brasileira de Letras.

Further reading

  • Goldberg, Isaac (1922). "Olavo Bilac." In: Brazilian Literature. New York: Alfred A. Knoff, p. 188–209.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Olavo Bilac.
Wikisource has original works by or about:
Olavo Bilac
Portuguese Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Olavo Bilac (original works in Portuguese)
  • Bilac's translation of Max and Moritz online (in Portuguese)
  • Bilac's biography at the official site of the Brazilian Academy of Letters (in Portuguese)
  • Works by or about Olavo Bilac at Internet Archive
  • Works by Olavo Bilac at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
Preceded by
Brazilian Academy of Letters – Occupant of the 15th chair

1897–1918
Succeeded by
  • v
  • t
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Patrons and members of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
Chairs
1 to 10

1 (Adelino Fontoura): Luís Murat Afonso d'Escragnolle Taunay Ivan Monteiro de Barros Lins Bernardo Élis ► Evandro Lins e Silva Ana Maria Machado
2 (Álvares de Azevedo): Coelho Neto João Neves da Fontoura ► João Guimarães Rosa Mário Palmério Tarcísio Padilha Eduardo Giannetti da Fonseca
3 (Artur de Oliveira): Filinto de Almeida Roberto Simonsen Aníbal Freire da Fonseca ► Herberto Sales Carlos Heitor Cony Joaquim Falcão
4 (Basílio da Gama): Aluísio Azevedo Alcides Maia ► Viana Moog Carlos Nejar
5 (Bernardo Guimarães): Raimundo Correia Oswaldo Cruz Aloísio de Castro ► Cândido Mota Filho ► Rachel de Queiroz José Murilo de Carvalho Ailton Krenak
6 (Casimiro de Abreu): Teixeira de Melo ► Artur Jaceguai Goulart de Andrade ► Barbosa Lima Sobrinho Raimundo Faoro Cícero Sandroni
7 (Castro Alves): Valentim Magalhães Euclides da Cunha Afrânio Peixoto Afonso Pena Júnior ► Hermes Lima Pontes de Miranda Diná Silveira de Queirós Sérgio Correia da Costa ► Nelson Pereira dos Santos Cacá Diegues
8 (Cláudio Manuel da Costa): Alberto de Oliveira Oliveira Viana Austregésilo de Athayde Antônio Calado Antônio Olinto Cleonice Berardinelli Ricardo Cavaliere
9 (Gonçalves de Magalhães): Carlos Magalhães de Azeredo Marques Rebelo Carlos Chagas Filho Alberto da Costa e Silva Vacant
10 (Evaristo da Veiga): Rui Barbosa Laudelino Freire ► Osvaldo Orico ► Orígenes Lessa Lêdo Ivo Rosiska Darcy de Oliveira

Chairs
11 to 20

11 (Fagundes Varela): Lúcio de Mendonça ► Pedro Augusto Carneiro Lessa ► Eduardo Ramos ► João Luís Alves ► Adelmar Tavares Deolindo Couto ► Darcy Ribeiro Celso Furtado Hélio Jaguaribe Ignácio de Loyola Brandão
12 (França Júnior): Urbano Duarte de Oliveira ► Antônio Augusto de Lima ► Vítor Viana José Carlos de Macedo Soares ► Abgar Renault Lucas Moreira Neves Alfredo Bosi Paulo Niemeyer Filho
13 (Francisco Otaviano): Alfredo d'Escragnolle Taunay Francisco de Castro ► Martins Júnior ► Sousa Bandeira ► Hélio Lobo ► Augusto Meyer Francisco de Assis Barbosa Sérgio Paulo Rouanet Ruy Castro
14 (Franklin Távora): Clóvis Beviláqua Antônio Carneiro Leão ► Fernando de Azevedo ► Miguel Reale Celso Lafer
15 (Gonçalves Dias): Olavo Bilac ► Amadeu Amaral Guilherme de Almeida Odilo Costa Filho ► Marcos Barbosa ► Fernando Bastos de Ávila Marco Lucchesi
16 (Gregório de Matos): Araripe Júnior Félix Pacheco ► Pedro Calmon ► Lygia Fagundes Telles Jorge Caldeira
17 (Hipólito da Costa): Sílvio Romero Osório Duque-Estrada Edgar Roquette-Pinto Álvaro Lins Antônio Houaiss Affonso Arinos de Mello Franco Fernanda Montenegro
18 (João Francisco Lisboa): José Veríssimo Barão Homem de Melo ► Alberto Faria ► Luís Carlos ► Pereira da Silva ► Peregrino Júnior ► Arnaldo Niskier
19 (Joaquim Caetano): Alcindo Guanabara Silvério Gomes Pimenta ► Gustavo Barroso Silva Melo Américo Jacobina Lacombe ► Marcos Almir Madeira ► Antônio Carlos Secchin
20 (Joaquim Manuel de Macedo): Salvador de Mendonça Emílio de Meneses ► Humberto de Campos ► Múcio Leão Aurélio de Lira Tavares Murilo Melo Filho Gilberto Gil

Chairs
21 to 30

21 (Joaquim Serra): José do Patrocínio Mário de Alencar Olegário Mariano Álvaro Moreira ► Adonias Filho Dias Gomes Roberto Campos Paulo Coelho
22 (José Bonifácio the Younger): Medeiros e Albuquerque Miguel Osório de Almeida Luís Viana Filho Ivo Pitanguy João Almino
23 (José de Alencar): Machado de Assis Lafayette Rodrigues Pereira Alfredo Pujol ► Otávio Mangabeira Jorge Amado Zélia Gattai Luiz Paulo Horta Antônio Torres
24 (Júlio Ribeiro): Garcia Redondo ► Luís Guimarães Filho ► Manuel Bandeira Cyro dos Anjos Sábato Magaldi Geraldo Carneiro
25 (Junqueira Freire): Franklin Dória ► Artur Orlando da Silva ► Ataulfo de Paiva ► José Lins do Rego Afonso Arinos de Melo Franco Alberto Venancio Filho
26 (Laurindo Rabelo): Guimarães Passos ► João do Rio Constâncio Alves ► Ribeiro Couto ► Gilberto Amado ► Mauro Mota ► Marcos Vilaça
27 (Antônio Peregrino Maciel Monteiro): Joaquim Nabuco Dantas Barreto Gregório da Fonseca ► Levi Carneiro Otávio de Faria Eduardo Portella Antonio Cícero
28 (Manuel Antônio de Almeida): Inglês de Sousa Xavier Marques Menotti Del Picchia Oscar Dias Correia ► Domício Proença Filho
29 (Martins Pena): Artur Azevedo Vicente de Carvalho ► Cláudio de Sousa ► Josué Montello José Mindlin Geraldo Holanda Cavalcanti
30 (Pardal Mallet): Pedro Rabelo Heráclito Graça ► Antônio Austregésilo ► Aurélio Buarque de Holanda Ferreira Nélida Piñon Heloísa Teixeira

Chairs
31 to 40

31 (Pedro Luís Pereira de Sousa): Luís Caetano Pereira Guimarães Júnior João Batista Ribeiro de Andrade Fernandes ► Paulo Setúbal Cassiano Ricardo José Cândido de Carvalho Geraldo França de Lima ► Moacyr Scliar Merval Pereira
32 (Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre): Carlos de Laet Ramiz Galvão ► Viriato Correia Joracy Camargo ► Genolino Amado ► Ariano Suassuna Zuenir Ventura
33 (Raul Pompeia): Domício da Gama Fernando Magalhães Luís Edmundo ► Afrânio Coutinho Evanildo Bechara
34 (Sousa Caldas): João Manuel Pereira da Silva ► José Maria da Silva Paranhos Jr. Lauro Müller Aquino Correia Magalhães Júnior ► Carlos Castelo Branco ► João Ubaldo Ribeiro Zuenir Ventura Evaldo Cabral de Mello
35 (Tavares Bastos): Rodrigo Otávio ► Rodrigo Otávio Filho ► José Honório Rodrigues ► Celso Cunha ► Cândido Mendes de Almeida ► Godofredo de Oliveira Neto
36 (Teófilo Dias): Afonso Celso Clementino Fraga ► Paulo Carneiro ► José Guilherme Merquior João de Scantimburgo ► Fernando Henrique Cardoso
37 (Tomás António Gonzaga): José Júlio da Silva Ramos ► José de Alcântara Machado ► Getúlio Vargas Assis Chateaubriand João Cabral de Melo Neto Ivan Junqueira Ferreira Gullar Arno Wehling
38 (Tobias Barreto): Graça Aranha Alberto Santos-Dumont Celso Vieira ► Maurício Campos de Medeiros José Américo de Almeida José Sarney
39 (Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen): Manuel de Oliveira Lima Alberto de Faria ► Rocha Pombo Rodolfo Garcia ► Elmano Cardim Otto Lara Resende Roberto Marinho Marco Maciel José Paulo Cavalcanti Filho
40 (José Maria da Silva Paranhos Sr.): Eduardo Prado ► Afonso Arinos Miguel Couto Alceu Amoroso Lima Evaristo de Moraes Filho Edmar Bacha

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