PREPARE

European Union's project against epidemics

PREPARE is an acronym for the European Union's Platform for European Preparedness Against (Re-)emerging Epidemics.^[1] The coordinator is professor Herman Goossens of the University of Antwerp.^[2] It was activated on 31 December 2019 in response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and as of February 2020^[update] was operating in outbreak response mode 2 (mobilisation), the second of three modes.^[3]

References

^ "CORDIS | European Commission".
^ "Partners – PREPARE Europe". Archived from the original on 2021-06-13. Retrieved 2020-02-24.
^ "Home – PREPARE Europe".

External links

Official website
Gobat, Nina; Van Someren Gréve, Frank; Sigfrid, Louise; Reusken, Chantal B.; Deege, Frank; Carson, Gail; Horby, Peter; Koopmans, Marion; De Jong, Menno D.; Goossens, Herman (2018). "Preparedness for clinical research during pandemics: a perspective from the Platform for European Preparedness Against (Re-)emerging Epidemics (PREPARE)". The Lancet. 392: S38. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32099-3. S2CID 53721195.

COVID-19 pandemic

COVID-19 (disease)
SARS-CoV-2 (virus)

Timeline

Pre-pandemic	Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) Crimson Contagion Disease X Event 201 Exercise Cygnus 2019
2020	January responses February responses March responses April responses May responses June responses July responses August responses September responses October responses November responses December responses
2021	January responses February responses March responses April responses May responses June responses July responses August responses September responses October responses November responses December responses
2022	January responses February responses March responses April responses May responses June responses July responses August responses September responses October responses November December
2023 and after	2023 2024

Locations

Africa

- timeline
- national
  responses

Northern	Algeria Canary Islands Ceuta Egypt Libya Mauritania Melilla Morocco Sudan Tunisia Western Sahara Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
Eastern	Burundi Comoros Djibouti Eritrea Ethiopia Kenya Madagascar Mauritius Mayotte Réunion Rwanda Seychelles Somalia Puntland Somaliland South Sudan Tanzania Uganda
Southern	Angola Botswana Eswatini Lesotho Malawi Mozambique Namibia South Africa list of deaths Zambia Zimbabwe
Central	Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Democratic Republic of the Congo Republic of the Congo Gabon São Tomé and Príncipe
Western	Benin Burkina Faso Cape Verde Equatorial Guinea Gambia Ghana timeline 2020 March–July August–December 2021 government response impact education Guinea Guinea-Bissau Ivory Coast Liberia Mali Niger Nigeria government response Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha Senegal Sierra Leone Togo

Asia

Central/North

Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Russia
- timeline
  - January–June
  - July–December
- impact
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan

East

Hong Kong Japan timeline Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics North Korea South Korea Macau Mongolia Taiwan respirator diplomacy
Mainland China	lockdown detail statistics vaccination Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics Heilongjiang Henan Hubei Inner Mongolia Liaoning Shanghai 2022 outbreak Sichuan Tibet Xinjiang

South

India

economic impact
evacuations
lockdown
migrant workers' crisis
statistics
timeline
- 2020
  - January–May
  - June–December
- 2021
union government response
- PM CARES Fund
- SAARC COVID-19 Emergency Fund
state government responses
vaccination
- Vaccine Maitri

By location

Southeast

Brunei Cambodia East Timor Indonesia timeline 2021 social restrictions Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement Laos Myanmar Singapore timeline 2020 2021 2022 circuit breaker response vaccination statistics Thailand timeline vaccination statistics Vietnam timeline government response
Malaysia	impact social economic political Aid and relief efforts movement control order Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot timeline 2020 2021 2022 2023 statistics Johor Kuala Lumpur Sabah Sarawak Selangor
Philippines	timeline 2020 2021 2022 government response community quarantines Luzon evacuations testing controversy vaccination Bangsamoro Bicol Region Cagayan Valley Calabarzon Caraga Central Luzon Central Visayas Cordillera Davao Region Eastern Visayas Ilocos Region Metro Manila Mimaropa Northern Mindanao Soccsksargen Western Visayas Zamboanga Peninsula Overseas Filipinos

West

Europe

United Kingdom

history timeline January–June 2020 July–December 2020 January–June 2021 July–December 2021 January–June 2022 July–December 2022 2023 responses government response response Operation Rescript contracts impact social economic education
By location	England timeline 2020 January–June July–December 2021 2022 London local lockdown regulations first tier regulations Northern Ireland timeline 2020 2021 2022 Scotland timeline 2020 2021 2022 Wales timeline 2020 2021 2022 Crown Dependencies Isle of Man Jersey Guernsey Overseas territories Akrotiri and Dhekelia British Indian Ocean Territory Gibraltar

Eastern

Belarus
- timeline
  - 2020
  - 2021
  - 2022
Kazakhstan
Moldova
- Gagauzia
- Transnistria
Russia
- timeline
  - January–June 2020
  - July–December 2020
- government responses
- political impact
Turkey
- timeline
Ukraine
- Crimea
- Sevastopol

Western Balkans

European Union

Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
- timeline
Cyprus
- Northern Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
- Faroe Islands
Estonia
Finland
- Åland
France
- Guadeloupe
- French Guiana
- Réunion
- Martinique
- Mayotte
- Normandy
- Saint Martin
Germany
- North Rhine-Westphalia
- government response
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
- timeline
  - 2020
  - 2021
  - 2022
- economic impact
- social impact
- vaccination
Italy
- lockdowns
- timeline
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
- government response
Poland
Portugal
Romania
- timeline
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
- timeline
- Asturias
- Canary Islands
- Ceuta
- Community of Madrid
- Melilla
Sweden
- government response
  - Operation Gloria

EFTA countries

Microstates

North
America

Atlantic

Canada

timeline
economic impact
- federal aid
vaccination
- by province
military response
Atlantic Bubble
Alberta
- timeline
British Columbia
Manitoba
New Brunswick
Newfoundland and Labrador
Northwest Territories
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
Ontario
- timeline
  - 2020
  - 2021
  - 2022
- Ottawa
- Peel Region
- Toronto
- York Region
- Provincial government response
- Vaccination
Prince Edward Island
Quebec
- Montreal
  - boroughs
Saskatchewan
- timeline
Yukon

Caribbean

Countries

British Overseas Territories

Aruba Curaçao Sint Maarten
Caribbean Netherlands	Bonaire Saba Sint Eustatius

French West Indies

US insular areas

Central America

United States

Trump administration communication timeline 2020 2021 social impact economic impact 2021 hospital crisis
responses	federal government state and local governments California government response New York government response Texas government response Eastern States Multi-state Council Midwest Governors Regional Pact Western States Pact
By location	Alabama Alaska American Samoa Arizona Navajo Nation Arkansas California timeline S.F. Bay Area Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Guam Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland timeline Massachusetts timeline Boston timeline Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada timeline New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York New York City timeline North Carolina North Dakota Northern Mariana Islands Ohio Columbus Oklahoma Oregon Portland Pennsylvania Philadelphia Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas timeline Austin U.S. Virgin Islands Utah Vermont Virginia Washington Washington, D.C. White House West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming

Oceania

American Samoa Cook Islands Easter Island Federated States of Micronesia Fiji French Polynesia Guam Hawaii Kiribati Marshall Islands Nauru New Caledonia Niue Northern Mariana Islands Palau Papua New Guinea Bougainville Pitcairn Islands Samoa Solomon Islands Tokelau Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu Wallis and Futuna
Australia	timeline 2020 2021 January–June July–December 2022 Australian Capital Territory Christmas Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands New South Wales Norfolk Island Northern Territory Queensland South Australia Tasmania Victoria Western Australia
New Zealand	timeline 2020 2021 2022 2023 economic impact government response Alert levels Traffic light system social impact managed isolation

South
America

Others

Antarctica
Cruise ships
- Diamond Princess
- Grand Princess
Naval ships
- Charles de Gaulle
- USS Theodore Roosevelt

Impact

Culture and
entertainment

Arts and
cultural heritage

Education

Female education Homeschooling
By country	Ghana Ireland United Kingdom exam grading controversy United States

Sports

Bio-secure bubble
By country	Ireland Philippines
By sport	Association football Baseball Basketball NBA Combat sports Cricket Disc golf Gaelic games Gridirion football (NCAAF, NFL, and CFL) Ice hockey Motorsport Rugby league

Society
and rights

Social impact	Social media Stigma COVID-19 parties Children foster care in the U.S. Pandemic baking
Labor	Healthcare workers Indian migrant workers Great Resignation Strikes
Human rights	Argentina Hong Kong Myanmar North Korea Turkmenistan
Legal	Abortion in the U.S. Crime Domestic violence Prisons U.S. immigration detention
Minority	Gender LGBT community African communities Disability community Native American communities Xenophobia and racism
Religion	Catholic Church Hajj

Economic

Charitable activity COVID-19 scams Travel restrictions
By country	Canada India Ireland COVID-19 Pandemic Unemployment Payment Malaysia New Zealand Russia U.K. U.S.
By industry	Aviation Airlines Cannabis industry Food industry meat industry in Canada meat industry in the U.S. restaurant industry in the U.S. Hospitals ICU capacity Long-term care facilities Mink farming Public transport Retail Tourism
Supply and trade	Shortages Chip supply Energy Global supply chain Oil price war Food security
Financial markets	Global stock market crash COVID-19 recession Inflation

Information

Journalism Media coverage Wikipedia's response
Misinformation	Governments China United States By country Canada Philippines Ivermectin Plandemic

Politics

National responses Legislation European Union
Political impact	Ireland Malaysia Russia
Protests	Canada convoy protest China Italy Germany Idar-Oberstein shooting the Netherlands New Zealand Serbia United Kingdom United States Open the States
International relations	Aid Italy Moldovan–Romanian collaboration Nicaragua–Taiwan relations Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan Vaccine diplomacy

Language

Others

Health issues

Medical topics

Testing and
epidemiology

Apps

Aarogya Setu
BlueTrace
careFIJI
Coronavirus Australia
Corona-Warn-App
COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application
COVID Alert (Canada)
COVID AlertSA (South Africa)
COVIDSafe
COVID Tracker Ireland
Covid Watch
Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing
Exposure Notification
Health Code
Healthy Together
Immuni
Koronavilkku
LeaveHomeSafe
MySejahtera
NHS COVID-19
NZ COVID Tracer
NZ Pass Verifier
PathCheck
PeduliLindungi
SafeEntry
SafePass
StaySafe.ph
SwissCovid
TCN Protocol
Test, Trace, Protect
Thai Chana
TousAntiCovid
TraceTogether
Valtrace
Zoe Health Study

Prevention

Vaccines

Topics

Authorized

DNA	ZyCoV-D
Inactivated	Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences CoronaVac Covaxin COVIran Barekat CoviVac (Russia) FAKHRAVAC Minhai QazCovid-in Sinopharm BIBP Sinopharm WIBP Turkovac Valneva
mRNA	Moderna Pfizer–BioNTech
Subunit	Abdala Corbevax (Bio E COVID-19) COVAX-19 EpiVacCorona IndoVac MVC Noora Novavax Razi Cov Pars Sinopharm CNBG Soberana 02 Soberana Plus ZF2001 (Zifivax)
Viral vector	Convidecia Janssen Oxford–AstraZeneca Sputnik V Sputnik Light
Virus-like particles	CoVLP

In trials

Attenuated	COVI-VAC (United States)
DNA	AG0302-COVID‑19 GX-19 Inovio
Inactivated	KD-414 NDV-HXP-S
RNA	ARCT-021 ARCT-154 Bangavax CureVac (terminated) HGC019 mRNA-1283 PTX-COVID19-B Sanofi–Translate Bio (terminated) Stemirna COVID-19 vaccine Walvax
Subunit	202-CoV AKS-452 EuCorVac-19 IVX-411 Nanocovax ReCOV Sanofi–GSK S-268019 SCB-2019 SCTV01C Skycovione UB-612 V-01 V451 (terminated) Vabiotech West China Hospital Zhongyianke Biotech–Liaoning Maokangyuan Biotech
Viral vector	AdCLD-CoV19 BriLife COH04S1 DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT GRAd-COV2 ImmunityBio iNCOVACC INNA-051 NDV-HXP-S Vaxart COVID-19 vaccine
Virus-like particles	ABNCoV2 LYB001 MigVax-101 VBI-2902

Deployment
by location

Africa	Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Cameroon Chad Comoros Democratic Republic of the Congo Djibouti Egypt Equatorial Guinea Eswatini Ghana Morocco Nigeria Senegal South Africa Zimbabwe
Asia	Bangladesh Bhutan Mainland China India Indonesia Iran Israel Japan Kazakhstan Malaysia Nepal Philippines Russia Singapore South Korea Sri Lanka Taiwan Thailand Turkey United Arab Emirates Vietnam
Europe	Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Denmark France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Moldova Norway Portugal Romania Russia Spain Sweden Switzerland Ukraine United Kingdom
North America	Canada Ontario Quebec Cuba Haiti Mexico United States mandates
Oceania	Australia Fiji New Zealand
South America	Argentina Brazil Colombia Peru
Others	Antarctica

Treatment

Drug development Drug repurposing research Baricitinib Dexamethasone Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Open-source ventilator PANORAMIC trial (UK) RECOVERY Trial (UK) Solidarity trial (WHO)
Monoclonal antibodies	Bamlanivimab/etesevimab Bamlanivimab Etesevimab Bebtelovimab Casirivimab/imdevimab Regdanvimab Sarilumab Sotrovimab Tixagevimab/cilgavimab Tocilizumab
Small molecule antivirals	Broad-spectrum Ensitrelvir Molnupiravir Remdesivir Co-packaged Nirmatrelvir ritonavir

Variants

Specific	Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Epsilon Zeta Eta Theta Iota Kappa Lambda Mu Omicron timeline
General	Cluster 5 Lineage B.1.617 Lineage B.1.640.2 Variant of concern

Institutions

Hospitals and
medical clinics

Mainland China

Others

Hospital ships
Garran Surge Centre (Australia)
Hospital El Salvador
SevenHills Hospital (India)
Kemayoran Athletes Village (Indonesia)
Pyongyang General Hospital (North Korea)
Malaysia Agro Exposition Park Serdang (Malaysia)
Mega Ligtas COVID Centers (Philippines)
Kandakadu Treatment and Rehabilitation Centre (Sri Lanka)
Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Feriha Öz Emergency Hospital (Turkey)
Yeşilköy Prof. Dr. Murat Dilmener Emergency Hospital (Turkey)
COVID-19 hospitals in the United Kingdom
- NHS Nightingale Hospitals (England)
- NHS Louisa Jordan (Scotland)
- Dragon's Heart Hospital (Wales)

Organizations

Global

By location

National Cabinet (Australia) ScienceUpFirst (Canada) Wuhan Institute of Virology (China) Independent SAGE (United Kingdom)
Health institutes	Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (African Union) Ghana Infectious Disease Centre (Ghana) Department of Health (Hong Kong) Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (South Korea) National Institute for Communicable Diseases (South Africa) Taiwan Centers for Disease Control (Taiwan)
Pandemic institutes	National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board (Australia) COVID-19 Immunity Task Force (Canada) COVID-19 Supply Council (Canada) PREPARE (European Union) National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration for COVID-19 (India) COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force (Indonesia) National Public Health Emergency Team (Ireland) Novel Coronavirus Expert Meeting (Japan) Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre (Malaysia) Defeat COVID-19 Ad Hoc Committee (Philippines) Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Philippines) Central Epidemic Command Center (Taiwan) Coronavirus Scientific Advisory Board (Turkey) COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium (United Kingdom) Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team (United Kingdom) Joint Biosecurity Centre (United Kingdom) Vaccine Taskforce (United Kingdom) COVID-19 Advisory Board (United States) Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups (United States) White House Coronavirus Task Force (United States) White House COVID-19 Response Team (United States) GACH (Uruguay)
Relief funds	PM CARES Fund (India) SAARC COVID-19 Emergency Fund (India) Artist Relief (United States)

People

Medical
professionals

Researchers

Officials

WHO

Tedros Adhanom (Director-General of the WHO)
Bruce Aylward (Team lead of WHO-China COVID-19 mission)
Maria Van Kerkhove (Technical Lead for COVID-19 response)
Michael J. Ryan (Executive Director of the WHO Health Emergencies Programme)

By location

Frank Atherton (Wales)
Ashley Bloomfield (New Zealand)
Catherine Calderwood (Scotland)
Chang Shan-chwen (Taiwan)
Anutin Charnvirakul (Thailand)
Chen Shih-chung (Taiwan)
Kenneth Chuang Yin-ching (Taiwan)
Victor Costache (Romania)
Fabrizio Curcio (Italy)
Carmen Deseda (Puerto Rico)
Jaap van Dissel (the Netherlands)
Christian Drosten (Germany)
Francisco Duque III (Philippines)
Anthony Fauci (United States)
Francesco Paolo Figliuolo (Italy)
Graça Freitas (Portugal)
Henrique Gouveia e Melo (Portugal)
Matt Hancock (United Kingdom)
Hamad Hasan (Lebanon)
Greg Hunt (Australia)
Tony Holohan (Ireland)
Jeong Eun-kyeong (South Korea)
Fahrettin Koca (Turkey)
Li Keqiang (China)
Hugo López-Gatell Ramírez (Mexico)
Michael McBride (Northern Ireland)
Oriol Mitjà (Andorra)
Zweli Mkhize (South Africa)
Doni Monardo (Indonesia)
Alma Möller (Iceland)
Saeed Namaki (Iran)
Ala Nemerenco (Moldova)
Nguyễn Thanh Long (Vietnam)
Noor Hisham Abdullah (Malaysia)
Ali Pilli (Northern Cyprus)
Daniel Salinas (Uruguay)
Jérôme Salomon (France)
Fernando Simón (Spain)
Gregor Smith (Scotland)
Su Ih-jen (Taiwan)
Łukasz Szumowski (Poland)
Theresa Tam (Canada)
Anders Tegnell (Sweden)
Þórólfur Guðnason (Iceland)
Sotiris Tsiodras (Greece)
Harsh Vardhan (India)
Víðir Reynisson (Iceland)
Carla Vizzotti (Argentina)
Vlad Voiculescu (Romania)
Chris Whitty (United Kingdom)
Lawrence Wong (Singapore)
Jeff Zients (United States)

Others

Deaths

List

Data (templates)

Global	Cases, deaths, recoveries by country Tests, cases, tests per capita, cases per capita by country Tests, cases, tests per capita, cases per capita by country subdivision WHO situation reports cases January 2020 February 2020 March 2020 April 2020 May 2020 June 2020 July 2020 August 2020 September 2020 October 2020 November 2020 December 2020 January 2021 February 2021 March 2021 April 2021 May 2021 June 2021 July 2021 August 2021 deaths World map by countries: confirmed per capita China Hospital beds by country Lockdowns <
Africa	Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Comoros Egypt Eswatini Ethiopia Ghana cases chart Ivory Coast Kenya Libya Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco (including occupied Western Sahara) Mozambique Namibia Nigera cases chart São Tomé and Príncipe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone South Africa cases chart South Sudan Sudan Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe cases chart
Americas	Argentina Bolivia Brazil Canada by province vaccinations by province Chile by commune Colombia Costa Rica cases chart Cuba Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Guatemala Haiti Honduras Mexico cases chart Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru United States by state Uruguay Venezuela
Asia	Afghanistan Armenia Artsakh Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh by division Bhutan cases chart Brunei Cambodia cases chart summary China cases chart confirmed per capita lockdowns by province Hong Kong Macau Cyprus East Timor Egypt Georgia India Indonesia cases chart Iran cases chart Iraq Israel cases chart Japan cases chart Jordan Kazakhstan Kuwait cases chart Kyrgyzstan Laos Lebanon Malaysia cases chart charts Myanmar cases chart summary Nepal cases chart Oman cases chart Pakistan cases chart Philippines cases chart areas of quarantine vaccinations chart Qatar Russia cases chart by federal subject North Asia Saudi Arabia Singapore South Korea cases chart vaccinations charts Sri Lanka Syria Taiwan vaccination charts Tajikistan Thailand cases chart Turkey cases chart United Arab Emirates cases chart Uzbekistan cases chart Vietnam statistics charts Yemen
Europe	Albania Austria cases chart Belarus Belgium cases chart Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria cases chart Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark cases chart Faroe Islands Estonia cases chart Finland France cases chart Germany cases chart Greece Hungary Iceland cases chart Ireland cases chart Italy cases chart statistics charts vaccinations chart Kosovo Latvia cases chart Lithuania cases chart Luxembourg Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands North Macedonia Norway cases chart Poland cases chart by voivodeship Portugal cases chart Romania cases chart Russia cases chart by federal subject North Asia San Marino Serbia Slovakia cases chart by region Slovenia cases chart Spain cases chart Sweden cases chart Switzerland cases chart Turkey cases chart Ukraine United Kingdom Scotland 2020 2021 Gibraltar vaccinations chart daily by nation Vatican City
Oceania	Australia by state/territory Fiji French Polynesia New Caledonia New Zealand Papua New Guinea Solomon Islands
Others	Cruise ships Diamond Princess