PSS silent pistol

PSS
Type	Pistol
Place of origin	Soviet Union
Service history
In service	1983–present
Used by	Soviet Union, Russia
Production history
Designer	TsNIITochMash
Designed	1979–1983
Manufacturer	Tula Arms Plant
Variants	PSS-2
Specifications
Mass	700 g (1 lb 9 oz), 850 g with cartridge
Length	165 mm (6.50 in)
Barrel length	35 mm
Cartridge	7.62×41 mm SP-4
Caliber	7.62 mm
Action	Recoil-operated
Muzzle velocity	200 m/s (660 ft/s)
Effective firing range	25 m
Maximum firing range	50 m
Feed system	6-round detachable box
Sights	Fixed blade sights

The PSS silent pistol or MSS "Vul" ("Вул") ^[1] is the last completed weapon system resulting from the Soviet development of silent pistols operating on a sealed cartridge system. Two previous designs were considered unacceptable for use due to their limitation to two shots. Earlier systems included the MSP and SP-4M double-barreled pistols. Developed around 1980 for assassinations and reconnaissance, the PSS was first issued to KGB Spetsnaz in 1983. It is under production in the special weapons foundry at TsNIITochMash. PSS pistols are still in use by some FSB and MVD units.

The original PSS was succeeded by the PSS-2 in 2011, using the more powerful silent 7.62×43 mm SP-16 cartridge.^[2]

Purpose

The PSS was developed to give Soviet special forces and secret police an almost completely silent option for covert operations such as reconnaissance and assassinations. The weapon uses a special cartridge with an internal piston to achieve this goal. Otherwise, it is a fairly simple double-action pistol. Few details are known about the pistol's performance, as only a few have entered Western hands.^{[citation needed]} It has been measured to produce a sound level of 122 dB.^[3]

Operation

Cartridge

The PSS uses a specially-developed 7.62×41 mm necked round SP-4 (СП-4), also used by the OTs-38 Stechkin silent revolver.^[4] The cartridge contains a propelling charge which drives an internal piston in contact with the base of the bullet. On firing, the piston propels the bullet out of the barrel with enough energy to achieve an effective range of 25 meters. At the end of its travel, the piston seals the cartridge neck, preventing noise, smoke, or blast from escaping.^[5]

Combat history

The PSS has been used in the Syrian civil war.^[6]

Action

The PSS is recoil-operated. It has a slide designed to operate silently, in keeping with the pistol's design for silent operation. In other respects, the PSS generally follows traditional conventions, except for the slide's guide rod, which is located above the barrel and instead of guide rails on the pistol frame.^{[citation needed]}

Variants

The PSS-2 silenced pistol was developed in Russia, based on the original PSS but with some features of the SR-1M pistol and some improvements. It fires SP-16 noiseless 7.62×43 mm ammunition, more powerful than, but incompatible with, the original 7.62×41 mm cartridge. The PSS-2 was adopted by the Russian FSB security agency in 2011.^[2]

Known Users

•  Georgia^[7]
•  Russia

See also

• List of Russian weaponry
• NRS-2 Scout Shooting Knife

References

External links

• Media related to PSS Silent Pistol at Wikimedia Commons
• Modern Firearms Page
• video
• www.kalashnikov.ru