Patriotic Salvation Movement

Political party in Chad

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Politics of Chad
Political parties
Elections

The Patriotic Salvation Movement (Arabic: الحركة الوطنية للإنقاذ^{[romanization needed]}, French: Mouvement patriotique du salut, MPS) is the ruling political party in Chad.

History

After Idriss Déby, an army commander who participated in an unsuccessful plot against President Hissène Habré in 1989, fled to Sudan, he and his supporters, known as the 1 April Movement, operated from Sudan with Libyan backing and carried out attacks across the border into Chad. The MPS was founded in Sudan on 10 March 1990 through the merger of the 1 April Movement with other anti-Habre groups in exile. After a successful offensive in November 1990, Déby and the MPS came to power on 2 December 1990, when their forces entered N'Djamena, the Chadian capital.^[2]

Déby was the MPS candidate in the 1996 presidential election and won in a second round. He was again the MPS candidate in the presidential election of 20 May 2001, receiving 63.2% of the vote. In the parliamentary election held on 21 April 2002, the MPS won according to IPU Parline 113 out of 155 seats. In the May 2006 presidential election, Déby was re-elected with 64.7% of the vote.

Electoral history

Presidential elections

Election	Party candidate	Votes	%	Votes	%	Result
Election	Party candidate	First round		Second round		Result
1996	Idriss Déby	1,016,277	43.82%	2,102,907	69.09%	Elected Y
2001		1,533,509	63.17%	–		Elected Y
2006		1,863,042	64.67%	–		Elected Y
2011		2,503,813	88.66%	–		Elected Y
2016		2,219,352	59.92%	–		Elected Y
2021		3,663,431	79.32%	–		Elected Y^[a]

National Assembly elections

Election	Party leader	Votes	%	Votes	%	Seats	+/–	Position	Result
Election	Party leader	First round		Second round		Seats	+/–	Position	Result
1997		504,045	40.0%	262,060%	34.4%	65 / 125	65	1st	Majority government
2002	Nagoum Yamassoum			–	–	113 / 155	48	1st	Supermajority government
2011	Haroun Kabadi	in alliance with RDP and RNDP				134 / 187	21	1st	MPS–RDP–RNDP coalition government

Notes

^ Died before inauguration

References

^ "Opposition condemns designation of Chad's military ruler as presidential candidate". Voice of America. The Standard. 16 January 2024. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
^ Bernard Lanne, "Chad: Regime Change, Increased Insecurity, and Blockage of Further Reforms", Political Reform in Francophone Africa (1997), ed. Clark and Gardinier, pages 274–275.