Pioneer Group
The Pioneer Group is a term used by scholars for a number of vase painters working in potters' quarter of Kerameikos in ancient Athens around the beginning of the 5th century BC, around the time of the emergence of red-figure vase painting, which soon displaced the previously dominant black-figure style.
Described by the British art historian John Boardman as perhaps the first conscious art movement in the western tradition, historians had included a number of artists in the group, including Epiktetos, Euphronios, Euthymides, Oltos, Phintias, Smikros, Hypsis, and the Dikaios Painter.
Archaeologist John Beazley was the first to identify these artists as a coherent group in his works published in the 1940s, in which he developed a taxonomy of ancient Greek pottery by style. No documentary evidence remains of the artists, and everything we know about them was deduced from their surviving work.
The Pioneer Group were not innovators of the red-figure technique but rather late adopters of the practice developed by bilingual vase painters such as Andokides and Psiax, who produced pottery featuring both the black-figure and red-figure techniques.
Coming some ten years after the earliest work in red-figure style, Euphronios' first works are thought to have been produced circa 520 BC. As a group, their work makes frequent reference to one another, often in a playful competitive spirit; Euthymides boasts on one of his signed pots (Munich 2307): hos oudepote Euphronios ("as never Euphronios"). Their work is distinctive for its simple rendering of dress, bold handling of anatomy, experimental use of foreshortening and a thematic preference for representations of symposia.
References
- R. T. Neer. Styles and Politics in Athenian Vase Painting: The Craft of Democracy, ca. 530–470 BCE. Cambridge University Press, 2002.
- John Boardman. Athenian Red Figure Vases: The Archaic Period: A Handbook. London: Thames and Hudson, 1975.
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- Painter of Acropolis 606
- Affecter
- Amasis Painter
- Anagyrus Painter
- Anakles
- Arkesilas Painter
- Athena Painter
- Antimenes Painter
- Beldam Painter
- Bellerophon Painter
- Painter of Berlin A 34
- Painter of Berlin 1686
- BMN Painter
- Burgon Group
- C Painter
- Castellani Painter
- Cerameicus Painter
- Chimera Painter
- Class of Cabinet des Médailles 218
- Columbus Painter
- Daybreak Painter
- Diosphos Painter
- Dodwell Painter
- Duel Painter
- Edinburgh Painter
- Elbows Out
- Euphiletos Painter
- Gela Painter
- Goltyr Painter
- Gorgon Painter
- Haimon Painter
- Heidelberg Painter
- Horse-bird Painter
- Hypobibazon Class
- Kabiria Group
- Kassandra Painter
- Kleitias
- Lion Painter
- Lydos
- Lysippides Painter
- Madrid Painter
- Mastos Painter
- Painter of Munich 1410
- N Painter
- Naucratis Painter
- Nearchos
- Nessos Painter
- Painter of Nicosia Olpe
- Nikoxenos Painter
- Northampton Group
- Oxford Palmette Class
- Painter of Palermo 489
- Panther Painter
- Perizoma Group
- Pholoe Painter
- Phrynos Painter
- Piraeus Painter
- Polos Painter
- Pontic Group
- Priam Painter
- Princeton Painter
- Psiax
- Ptoon Painter
- Rider Painter
- Rycroft Painter
- Sappho Painter
- Sophilos
- Swing Painter
- Taleides Painter
- Theseus Painter
- Three Line Group
- Tityos Painter
- Tydeus Painter
- Xenokles Painter
Comast Group | |
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Group E | |
Gorgoneion Group | |
Leagros Group | |
Little Masters |
- Achilles Painter
- Aison
- Altamura Painter
- Amykos Painter
- Andokides painter
- Antiphon Painter
- Apollodoros
- Aristophanes
- Asteas
- Baltimore Painter
- Berlin Painter
- Painter of the Berlin Dancing Girl
- Brygos Painter
- Bryn Mawr Painter
- Chrysis Painter
- Codrus Painter
- Darius Painter
- Dinos Painter
- Dokimasia Painter
- Douris
- Eretria Painter
- Eucharides Painter
- Foundry Painter
- Harrow Painter
- Hasselmann Painter
- Hermonax
- Ilioupersis Painter
- Jena Painter
- Kerch style
- Kleophon Painter
- Kleophrades Painter
- Makron
- Marsyas Painter
- Meidias Painter
- Meleager Painter
- Niobid Painter
- Onesimos
- Oreithyia Painter
- Pamphaios
- Penthesilea Painter
- Persephone Painter
- Phiale Painter
- Pisticci Painter
- Pistoxenos Painter
- Polygnotos
- Providence Painter
- Reed Painter
- Shuvalov Painter
- Siren Painter
- Sisyphus Painter
- Skythes
- Snub-nose Painter
- Tarporley Painter
- Tarquinia Painter
- Tithonos Painter
- Triptolemos Painter
- Underworld Painter
- Varrese Painter
- Painter of the Vatican Mourner
- Villa Giulia Painter
- Wedding Painter
- YZ Group
Pioneer Group |
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Mannerists |