Portaulun people

The Portaulun were an indigenous Australian people of South Australia.

Country

The Portaulun's territory was estimated by Norman Tindale to encompass roughly 300 square miles (780 km²), along the western bank of the Murray River from Wood Hill to Wellington and Pomanda Point. Their westward extension ran to Grote Hill.^[1]

Social organization

The Portaulun were divided into clans, the name of two of which are known:-

Warawalde
Welindjeri

The Welindjeri name is a post-colonial, being formed on the introduced toponym of Wellington, and thus meaning 'belonging to the Wel.'^[2]

History of contact

The last Portaulun full-blood was David Ngunaiponi, who died in 1967.^[1]

Notable people

David Unaipon.

Alternative names

Putjin
Warawalde
Welindjeri
Welinyeri
Pomunda. (toponym, Pomunda Point)
Poomunda
Wellington tribe^[2]

Notes

Citations

^ ^a ^b Tindale 1974, p. 217.
^ ^a ^b Tindale 1974, p. 218.

Sources

Brown, A. R. (July–December 1918). "Notes on the Social Organization of Australian Tribes". The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. 48: 222–253. doi:10.2307/2843422. JSTOR 2843422.
Hawker, J. C. (1899). Early experiences in South Australia. Adelaide: E.S. Wigg & Son.
Parkhouse, T. A. (April 1936). "Some words of the Australian autochthone". Mankind. 2 (1): 16–19–253. doi:10.1111/j.1835-9310.1936.tb00920.x.
Taplin, George (1878) [First published 1873]. "The Narrinyeri" (PDF). The Native Tribes of South Australia. Adelaide: E.S. Wigg & Son. pp. 1–156.
Tindale, Norman Barnett (1974). "Portaulun (SA)". Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names. Australian National University Press. ISBN 978-0-708-10741-6.

Aboriginal peoples of South Australia

Peoples

Communities

APY Lands:	Amaṯa Iltur Indulkana Kalka Kaltjiti (Fregon) Kaṉpi Makiri Mimili Mintabie Nyapaṟi Pipalyatjara Pukatja (Ernabella) Umuwa Watarru Yunyarinyi
Other:	Akenta (Poonindie) Colebrook Davenport (Umeewarra) Gerard Killalpaninna Koonibba Nepabunna Oak Valley Point Pearce Raukkan (Point McLeay) Yalata

Notable people

Organisations

Religion and culture

Arkaroo 'Dreamtime' (muda, mura-mura, tjukurrpa, etc.) Tjilbruke Muldjewangk Ngiṉṯaka Wati-kutjara
Indigenous protected areas:	Watarru Mount Willoughby
Co-managed protected areas:	Dhilba Guuranda-Innes Elliot Price Conservation Park Gawler Ranges National Park Kati Thanda-Lake Eyre National Park (part) Kanku-Breakaways Conservation Park Lake Gairdner National Park Ikara–Flinders Ranges National Park Innamincka Regional Reserve Malkumba-Coongie Lakes National Park Mamungari Conservation Park Ngaut Ngaut Conservation Park Nullarbor Wilderness Protection Area Nullarbor Regional Reserve Pureba Conservation Park Strzelecki Regional Reserve Vulkathunha-Gammon Ranges National Park Wapma Thura–Southern Flinders Ranges National Park Wabma Kadarbu Mound Springs Conservation Park Witjira National Park Yumbarra Conservation Park

Languages

Adnyamathanha Antakirinja Arabana Barngarla Dieri Kaurna Narungga Ngadjuri Ngamini (Yarluyandi) Ngarrindjeri Paakantyi Wangkangurru Western Desert language (dialects: Pitjantjatjara, Yankunytjatjara) Wirangu Yandruwandha Yarli (Malyangapa) Yuyu
Language groups:	Lower Murray languages Thura-Yura languages Sign languages
Words:	Aṉangu (Western Desert language) Nunga (Aboriginal English)

Laws

Aboriginal Heritage Act 1988 Aboriginal Lands Trust Act 1966 Aboriginal Witnesses Act Aṉangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Land Rights Act 1981 Laws concerning Indigenous Australians
Cases:	List of native title claims in South Australia