Richmond River Light

Lighthouse in New South Wales, Australia

Lighthouse

28°52′1.31″S 153°35′30.49″E / 28.8670306°S 153.5918028°E / -28.8670306; 153.5918028TowerConstructed1866Constructionstone tower^[5]Automated1920^[2]Height25 feet (7.6 m)^[3]Shapecylindrical tower with balcony and lanternMarkingswhite tower and lanternPower sourcemains electricity

OperatorNSW MaritimeLightFirst lit1880^[1]Focal height115 feet (35 m)Lens4th order catadioptric (original), 2nd order Chance Brothers Fresnel lens^[6] (current)Intensity28,000 cdRange14 nautical miles (26 km; 16 mi)^[4]CharacteristicFl (4) W 16s.

Richmond River Light, also known as Ballina Head Light and Ballina Light, is an active lighthouse located at Ballina Head, a headland in Ballina, New South Wales, Australia. The headland is at the northern side of the entrance to the Richmond River. It used to serve to guide ships into the river port and is used also serves as a leading light into the river, together with a steamer's masthead lantern with a 200 mm lens which is raised on a wooden structure 30 metres (98 ft) from it.^[7]

The nearby beach, Lighthouse Beach, one of Ballina's main beaches, is named for it.^[8]

History

The station was established with a temporary light that was installed in 1866 from plans by James Barnet, at the same time of the installation of the Clarence River Light.^[9]^[7]

The current lighthouse is one of five lighthouses of similar design designed and built by James Barnet in 1878–80, the other four being Fingal Head Light, Clarence River Light (now demolished), Tacking Point Lighthouse and Crowdy Head Light. A tender was called in 1878, it was built in 1879 and lit in 1880.^[9]

The apparatus was a fixed light 4th order catadioptric apparatus of less than 1000 cd and was visible for 12 nautical miles (22 km; 14 mi).^[10] It was powered by colza oil.^[9] As the light was operated in conjunction with a nearby pilot station, only one light keeper was required.^[7]

In 1920 the light was converted to acetylene gas and automated. ^[9] In November 1940, the annexe and the porch connected to the lighthouse were demolished.^[11]

The light was electrified in the 1960s. The current light source is a 28,000 cd, 1,000 Watt 120 Volt tungsten-halogen lamp, and the power source is the Mains with a Battery standby.^[9] It shows a light characteristic of four white flashes every 16 s (Fl.(4)W. 16s)^[12]

Structure

The tower is very similar in design to the other four lighthouses.^[7] It is circular, 6 feet (1.8 m) in diameter (internally), with walls tapering from 19 inches (480 mm) at the bottom to 14 inches (360 mm) at the top.^[7] The tower is constructed of stone,^[5] and cement rendered, and painted white.^[7] On top of the tower there is an oversailing bluestone platform, supported at by twelve bluestone corbels, at about 12 feet (3.7 m) above the ground. The platform can be reached by an iron stair inside the tower. Around the perimeter of the platform is a metal handrail. The platform is topped by the simple metal dome which houses the optical apparatus.^[7]

Originally the lighthouse had a porch, rectangular annexe for the duty room and oil store. These were all demolished in November 1940.^[11] A one-story keeper's house is still present at the premises.^[13]

Site operation

Richmond River Lighthouse is listed on the Register of National Estate held by the Australian Heritage Commission (Commonwealth Government) in 1983; this listing is defunct as this list was closed in 2007.^[14] However, it is also listed under the North Coast Regional Environmental Plan 1988 and the Ballina Local Environmental Plan 1987.^[15]

The light is currently operated by Transport for NSW^[16] and the site is managed by the New South Wales Department of Lands.^[13]

Visiting

The site is open to the public and accessible, but the tower is closed.^[13]

Notes

^ According to all sources. Though NSW Maritime says 1879 in one column, it says 1880 in the text.
^ According to Lighthouses of Australia Inc. RNE208 says 1926.
^ According to most sources. A table at Searle lists 64 feet (20 m), most likely a mistake as the text lists 25 ft. NSW Maritime says 7 m.
^ According to the List of Lights. According to Lighthouses of Australia Inc and NSW Maritime it is 17 nm.
^ ^a ^b According to Rowlett and "Masonry" in Lighthouses of Australia Inc. RNE208 says "brick tower", perhaps referring to "stone bricks", the form, rather than the material.
^ According to Rowlett and the body text of Lighthouses of Australia Inc. A table on Lighthouses of Australia Inc states a 4th order lens, maybe referring to the original lens.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g RNE208.
^ "Lighthouse Beach | Discover Ballina". www.discoverballina.com.au. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Lighthouses of Australia Inc.
^ According to Lighthouses of Australia Inc. RNE208 says 19 km.
^ ^a ^b Though RNE208 says the demolition occurred when the light was converted to electricity, which Lighthouses of Australia Inc puts in the 1960s, Demolition has a picture of the demolition itself, taking place in November 1940
^ List of Lights
^ ^a ^b ^c Rowlett.
^ Australian Heritage Database (6 November 2023). "Richmond River Lighthouse, Harbourview St, Ballina, NSW, Australia". Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water.
^ Ballina Shire Council (2007). "Conceptual master plan: Richmond River Lighthouse" (PDF). Retrieved 6 November 2023.
^ According to NSW Maritime, though Rowlett says New South Wales Maritime Authority.

References

List of Lights, Pub. 111: The West Coasts of North and South America (Excluding Continental U.S.A. and Hawaii), Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, and the Islands of the North and South Pacific Oceans (PDF). List of Lights. United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. 2009. p. 121.
Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Australia: Northern New South Wales". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 29 August 2010.
"The Richmond River Lighthouse". Lighthouses of New South Wales. Lighthouses of Australia Inc.
"Richmond River Lighthouse (listing RNE208)". Australia Heritage Places Inventory. Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities.^{[dead link]}
"NSW Maritime Lighthouse Lights". maritime.nsw.gov.au. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
Searle, Garry. "Ballina Head". Lighthouses of New South Wales. SeaSide Lights.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)^{[dead link]} Seems to be based on the same source of RNE208, except for some discrepancies.
"Richmond River lighthouse during demolition (photographic image)". National Archives of Australia. November 1940.^{[dead link]}