Russian Mexicans

Russian Mexicans

Total population
1,606 Russian nationals residing in the country (2015) (Unknown as of 2019)[1] Unknown number of Mexicans of Russian descent
Regions with significant populations
Mexico City, Tijuana, Cancún
Languages
Mexican Spanish, Russian
Religion
Russian Orthodox and Judaism
Related ethnic groups
Russians, Mennonites in Mexico

According to the 2000 Mexican census, 1,293 Russian citizens were resident in Mexico.^[2]

Russian explorers in New Spain and independent Mexico

16th and 17th centuries

• 1542–43: Juan Cabrillo visits San Diego, Farallon Islands, Cape Mendocino, Cape Blanco, Oregon.
• 1579–1639: Russian frontiersmen penetrate eastward to Siberia and the Pacific.
• 1602: S. Viscaino explores to the Columbia River region, naming the Farallon Islands, Point Reyes and the Rio Sebastian (present-day Russian River).

18th century

• 1728: Vitus Bering and Alexei Chirikov explore Bering Strait.
• 1741–42: Bering and Chirikov claim Russian America (Alaska) for Russia.
• 1769: Gaspar de Portola traveling overland discovers San Francisco Bay.
• 1775: Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra anchors in outer Bodega Bay, trades with the local Indians.
• 1784 — Russians Grigory Shelikov and his wife Natalia establish a base on Kodiak Island.
• 1799 — Russian American Company (with manager Aleksandr Baranov) establishes Novo Arkhangelsk (New Archangel, now Sitka, Alaska).

19th century

• 1806 — Count Nikolai Rezanov, Imperial Ambassador to Japan and director of the Russian American Company, visits the Presidio of San Francisco.
• 1806–1813: American ships bring Russians and Alaska Natives on 12 California fur hunts.
• 1808–1811 — Ivan Kuskov lands in Bodega Bay (Port Rumiantsev), builds structures and hunts in the region.
• 1812 — March 15, Ivan Kuskov with 25 Russians and 80 Native Alaskans arrives at Port Rumiantsev and proceeds north to establish Fortress Ross.
• 1812 — September 11, The Fortress is dedicated on the name-day of Emperor Alexander I
• 1815 — First Russian migrant to California, José Antonio Bolcoff, arrives.
• 1816 — Russian exploring expedition led by Captain Otto von Kotzebue visits California with naturalists Adelbert von Chamisso, Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz, and artist Louis Choris.
• 1817 — Chief Administrator Captain Leonty Gagemeister conducts treaty with local tribal chiefs for possession of property near Fortress Ross. First such treaty conducted with native peoples in California.
• 1818 — The Rumiantsev, first of four ships built at Fortress Ross. The Buldakov, Volga and Kiahtha follow, as well as several longboats.
• 1821 — Russian Imperial decree gives Native Alaskans and Creoles civil rights protected by law
• 1836 — Fr. Veniaminov (St. Innocent) visits Fort Ross, conducts services, and carries out census.
• 1841 — Rotchev sells Fort Ross and accompanying land to John Sutter.

Migration history

After the anti-Jewish pogroms of 1881, Mexico frequently came under consideration as a possible refuge for Russian Jews seeking to emigrate.^[3] In June 1891, Jacob Schiff, an American Jewish businessman with railroad interests in Mexico, wrote to Ernest Cassel to enquire about the possibility for settlement of Russian Jews there.^[4] However, Russian Jews would not begin to arrive in significant quantities until the 1920s.^[5]

Pryguny in Baja California

From 1905 to 1906, about 50 families of Spiritual Christian Pryguny (colloquially known as Molokans), who arrived in Los Angeles from Russia, sought a rural location, and relocated to 13,000 acres (53 km²) of land they had purchased in Guadalupe, Baja California in Mexico.^[6] Theirs would become the most successful Prygun colony cluster in North America. There, they build houses largely in the Russian style, but of adobe rather than wood, and grew a variety of cash crops including mostly wheat, alfalfa, grapes, and tomatoes.^[7] Their village was originally quite isolated, reflecting their desire to withdraw from society, but in 1958, road construction in the area resulted in an influx of Mexican and other settlers; some chose to flee encroaching urbanization, and returned to the United States. By the 1990s, only one family remained in the area.^[8]

Notable Russian-Mexicans

Artist

Entertainment

Literature

Politics

Science

See also

• Mexico–Russia relations
• Leon Trotsky Museum, Mexico City
• Mexican Orthodox Apostolic Catholic Church
• White Mexicans

References

^{[9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14]}

Bibliography

• Krauze, Corinne Azen; Katz de Gugenheim, Ariela (1987). Los judíos en México: una historia con énfasis especial en el período de 1857 a 1930/The Jews in Mexico: a history with special emphasis on the period 1857 to 1930. Universidad Iberoamericana. ISBN 9789688590225.
• Hardwick, Susan Wiley (1993). Russian refuge: religion, migration, and settlement on the North American Pacific rim. Geography Research Paper Series. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226316116.

Further reading

• Story, Sydney Rochelle (1960). Spiritual Christians in Mexico: profile of a Russian village (Ph.D. dissertation). University of California, Los Angeles. OCLC 17406191.
• Muranaka, Therese Adams (1988). Spirit jumpers: the Russian Molokans of Baja California. Ethnic technology notes. Vol. 21. San Diego: Museum of Man. ISBN 9780937808467. OCLC 18928066.

External links

• Los que llegaron - Rusos y Ucranianos from Canal Once (In Spanish)
• Russian Community in Mexico
• Russian Orthodox Church in Mexico City
• Orthodox Church in Mexico
• Russian Mexican Institute "Serguéi Eisenstein".
• Russians in Mexico (In Russian)
• SORUMEX: Consejo Coordinador de los Compatriotas Rusos en Mexico
• Pryguny in Baja California, Mexico, by Andrei Conovaloff, Updated 2015.