SCN2A

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
SCN2A
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes

2KAV, 4JPZ

Identifiers
AliasesSCN2A, BFIC3, BFIS3, BFNIS, EIEE11, HBA, HBSCI, HBSCII, NAC2, Na(v)1.2, Nav1.2, SCN2A1, SCN2A2, sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 2, DEE11, EA9
External IDsOMIM: 182390 MGI: 98248 HomoloGene: 75001 GeneCards: SCN2A
Gene location (Human)
Chromosome 2 (human)
Chr.Chromosome 2 (human)[1]
Chromosome 2 (human)
Genomic location for SCN2A
Genomic location for SCN2A
Band2q24.3Start165,194,993 bp[1]
End165,392,310 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse)
Chromosome 2 (mouse)
Chr.Chromosome 2 (mouse)[2]
Chromosome 2 (mouse)
Genomic location for SCN2A
Genomic location for SCN2A
Band2 C1.3|2 38.61 cMStart65,451,115 bp[2]
End65,597,791 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern
Bgee
HumanMouse (ortholog)
Top expressed in
  • middle temporal gyrus

  • Brodmann area 23

  • cerebellar vermis

  • entorhinal cortex

  • cerebellar hemisphere

  • parietal lobe

  • postcentral gyrus

  • superior frontal gyrus

  • endothelial cell

  • pons
Top expressed in
  • piriform cortex

  • cerebellar vermis

  • primary motor cortex

  • amygdala

  • dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus

  • subiculum

  • cingulate gyrus

  • ventromedial nucleus

  • olfactory tubercle

  • lateral hypothalamus
More reference expression data
BioGPS
More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function
  • sodium channel activity
  • voltage-gated ion channel activity
  • ion channel activity
  • voltage-gated sodium channel activity
Cellular component
  • voltage-gated sodium channel complex
  • integral component of membrane
  • membrane
  • intrinsic component of plasma membrane
  • sodium channel complex
  • plasma membrane
  • node of Ranvier
  • integral component of plasma membrane
  • intracellular anatomical structure
  • intercalated disc
  • T-tubule
  • axon
  • paranode region of axon
  • glutamatergic synapse
  • integral component of presynaptic membrane
Biological process
  • membrane depolarization during action potential
  • sodium ion transport
  • regulation of ion transmembrane transport
  • ion transport
  • transmembrane transport
  • myelination
  • neuronal action potential
  • sodium ion transmembrane transport
  • nervous system development
  • intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress
  • neuron apoptotic process
  • memory
  • cellular response to hypoxia
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

6326

110876

Ensembl

ENSG00000136531

ENSMUSG00000075318

UniProt

Q99250

B1AWN6

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001040142
NM_001040143
NM_021007
NM_001371246
NM_001371247

NM_001099298
NM_001346679
NM_001346680

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001035232
NP_001035233
NP_066287
NP_001358175
NP_001358176

NP_001092768
NP_001333608
NP_001333609

Location (UCSC)Chr 2: 165.19 – 165.39 MbChr 2: 65.45 – 65.6 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SCN2A gene.[5] Functional sodium channels contain an ion conductive alpha subunit and one or more regulatory beta subunits. Sodium channels which contain sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha are sometimes called Nav1.2 channels.

Function

Voltage-gated sodium channels are transmembrane glycoprotein complexes composed of a large alpha subunit with four domains including 24 transmembrane segments and one or more regulatory beta subunits. They are responsible for the generation and propagation of action potentials in neurons and muscle. This gene encodes one member of the sodium channel alpha subunit gene family. It is heterogeneously expressed in the brain, and mutations in this gene have been linked to several seizure disorders. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but the full-length nature of some of these variants has not been determined.[5]

Clinical significance

Mutations in this gene have been implicated in cases of autism,[6] infantile spasms, bitemporal glucose hypometabolism,[7] and bipolar disorder.[8]

See also

  • paralytic - SCN2A ortholog in Drosophila

References

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000136531 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000075318 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: SCN2A sodium channel, voltage-gated, type II, alpha subunit".
  6. ^ Sanders SJ SJ, Murtha MT, Gupta AR, Murdoch JR, Raubeson MJ, Willsey AJ, Ercan-Sencicek AG, et al. (2012). "De novo mutations revealed by whole-exome sequencing are strongly associated with autism". Nature. 485 (7397): 237–241. Bibcode:2012Natur.485..237S. doi:10.1038/nature10945. PMC 3667984. PMID 22495306.
  7. ^ Sundaram SK, Chugani HT, Tiwari VN, Huq AH (July 2013). "SCN2A Mutation Is Associated With Infantile Spasms and Bitemporal Glucose Hypometabolism". Pediatr. Neurol. 49 (1): 46–9. doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2013.03.002. PMC 3868437. PMID 23827426.
  8. ^ Bipolar Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, et al. (2019). "Genome-wide association study identifies 30 loci associated with bipolar disorder". Nature Genetics. 51 (5): 793–803. doi:10.1038/s41588-019-0397-8. hdl:10481/58017. PMC 6956732. PMID 31043756.

Further reading

  • Catterall WA, Goldin AL, Waxman SG (2006). "International Union of Pharmacology. XLVII. Nomenclature and structure-function relationships of voltage-gated sodium channels". Pharmacol. Rev. 57 (4): 397–409. doi:10.1124/pr.57.4.4. PMID 16382098. S2CID 7332624.
  • Lu CM, Han J, Rado TA, Brown GB (1992). "Differential expression of two sodium channel subtypes in human brain". FEBS Lett. 303 (1): 53–8. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(92)80476-W. PMID 1317301. S2CID 29330026.
  • Ahmed CM, Ware DH, Lee SC, et al. (1992). "Primary structure, chromosomal localization, and functional expression of a voltage-gated sodium channel from human brain". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (17): 8220–4. Bibcode:1992PNAS...89.8220A. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.17.8220. PMC 49889. PMID 1325650.
  • Han JA, Lu CM, Brown GB, Rado TA (1991). "Direct amplification of a single dissected chromosomal segment by polymerase chain reaction: a human brain sodium channel gene is on chromosome 2q22-q23". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88 (2): 335–9. Bibcode:1991PNAS...88..335H. doi:10.1073/pnas.88.2.335. PMC 50805. PMID 1846440.
  • Litt M, Luty J, Kwak M, et al. (1989). "Localization of a human brain sodium channel gene (SCN2A) to chromosome 2". Genomics. 5 (2): 204–8. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(89)90047-5. PMID 2571571.
  • Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
  • Lu CM, Eichelberger JS, Beckman ML, et al. (1999). "Isolation of the 5'-flanking region for human brain sodium channel subtype II alpha-subunit". J. Mol. Neurosci. 11 (3): 179–82. doi:10.1385/JMN:11:3:179. PMID 10344788. S2CID 33328638.
  • Baulac S, Gourfinkel-An I, Picard F, et al. (2000). "A Second Locus for Familial Generalized Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures Plus Maps to Chromosome 2q21-q33". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 65 (4): 1078–85. doi:10.1086/302593. PMC 1288241. PMID 10486327.
  • Schade SD, Brown GB (2001). "Identifying the promoter region of the human brain sodium channel subtype II gene (SCN2A)". Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 81 (1–2): 187–90. doi:10.1016/S0169-328X(00)00145-5. PMID 11000491.
  • Kasai N, Fukushima K, Ueki Y, et al. (2001). "Genomic structures of SCN2A and SCN3A - candidate genes for deafness at the DFNA16 locus". Gene. 264 (1): 113–22. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00594-1. PMID 11245985.
  • Malacarne M, Gennaro E, Madia F, et al. (2001). "Benign Familial Infantile Convulsions: Mapping of a Novel Locus on Chromosome 2q24 and Evidence for Genetic Heterogeneity". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 68 (6): 1521–6. doi:10.1086/320596. PMC 1226140. PMID 11326335.
  • Sugawara T, Tsurubuchi Y, Agarwala KL, et al. (2001). "A missense mutation of the Na+ channel αII subunit gene Nav1.2 in a patient with febrile and afebrile seizures causes channel dysfunction". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (11): 6384–9. Bibcode:2001PNAS...98.6384S. doi:10.1073/pnas.111065098. PMC 33477. PMID 11371648.
  • Heron SE, Crossland KM, Andermann E, et al. (2002). "Sodium-channel defects in benign familial neonatal-infantile seizures". Lancet. 360 (9336): 851–2. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09968-3. PMID 12243921. S2CID 6105850.
  • Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
  • Weiss LA, Escayg A, Kearney JA, et al. (2003). "Sodium channels SCN1A, SCN2A and SCN3A in familial autism". Mol. Psychiatry. 8 (2): 186–94. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001241. PMID 12610651. S2CID 16606651.
  • Yu FH, Westenbroek RE, Silos-Santiago I, et al. (2003). "Sodium channel beta4, a new disulfide-linked auxiliary subunit with similarity to beta2". J. Neurosci. 23 (20): 7577–85. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-20-07577.2003. PMC 6740763. PMID 12930796.
  • McEwen DP, Meadows LS, Chen C, et al. (2004). "Sodium channel beta1 subunit-mediated modulation of Nav1.2 currents and cell surface density is dependent on interactions with contactin and ankyrin". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (16): 16044–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M400856200. PMID 14761957.
  • Kamiya K, Kaneda M, Sugawara T, et al. (2004). "A nonsense mutation of the sodium channel gene SCN2A in a patient with intractable epilepsy and mental decline". J. Neurosci. 24 (11): 2690–8. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3089-03.2004. PMC 6729532. PMID 15028761.
  • Berkovic SF, Heron SE, Giordano L, et al. (2004). "Benign familial neonatal-infantile seizures: characterization of a new sodium channelopathy". Ann. Neurol. 55 (4): 550–7. doi:10.1002/ana.20029. PMID 15048894. S2CID 11604421.
  • Pereira S, Vieira JP, Barroca F, et al. (2004). "Severe epilepsy, retardation, and dysmorphic features with a 2q deletion including SCN1A and SCN2A". Neurology. 63 (1): 191–2. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000132844.20654.c1. PMID 15249644. S2CID 38453487.

External links

Patient Organizations

The SCN2A Foundation

SCN2A Asia Pacific

SCN2A Germany e. V.

  • SCN2A+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
  • Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: Q99250 (Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha) at the PDBe-KB.
  • v
  • t
  • e
  • 1byy: SODIUM CHANNEL IIA INACTIVATION GATE
    1byy: SODIUM CHANNEL IIA INACTIVATION GATE
  • v
  • t
  • e
Ligand-gated
Voltage-gated
Constitutively active
Proton-gated
Voltage-gated
Calcium-activated
Inward-rectifier
Tandem pore domain
Voltage-gated
Miscellaneous
Cl−: Chloride channel
H+: Proton channel
M+: CNG cation channel
M+: TRP cation channel
H2O (+ solutes): Porin
Cytoplasm: Gap junction
By gating mechanism
Ion channel class
see also disorders

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.


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