San Javier, Murcia

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Spanish. (June 2013) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
  • Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
  • Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 5,023 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization.
  • Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
  • You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Spanish Wikipedia article at [[:es:San Javier (España)]]; see its history for attribution.
  • You may also add the template {{Translated|es|San Javier (España)}} to the talk page.
  • For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.
Municipality in Region of Murcia, Spain
Flag of San Javier
Flag
Coat of arms of San Javier
Coat of arms
Location in Murcia
Location in Murcia
37°48′13″N 0°50′3″W / 37.80361°N 0.83417°W / 37.80361; -0.83417Country SpainAutonomous Community Region of MurciaProvince Region of MurciaComarcaComarca del Mar MenorGovernment
 • MayorJuan Martínez Pastor (PP)Area
 • Total74 km2 (29 sq mi)Elevation
(AMSL)
4 m (13 ft)Population
 (2018)[1]
 • Total31,905 • Density430/km2 (1,100/sq mi)Time zoneUTC+1 (CET) • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST (GMT +2))Postal code
30730
Area code+34 (Spain) + 968 (Murcia)WebsiteOfficial website Edit this at Wikidata

San Javier (Spanish pronunciation: [saŋ xaˈβjeɾ]) is a small town and municipality in the autonomous community and province of Murcia in southeastern Spain. The municipality is situated at the northern end of Murcia's Mediterranean coastline, the Costa Cálida.

History

There is little trace in the historical and archaeological record of early human habitation in the municipality itself. There is, however, evidence of prehistoric human presence at several nearby locations, including Cabezo Gordo hill in Torre-Pacheco and the salty coastal lagoon, the Mar Menor.[2]

San Javier was prized for its climate in Roman Hispania, and for the Mar Menor, where a salt industry developed. Traces of Roman and Carthaginian presence remain. A major Roman road, the Via Augusta, passes through the area and there are several underwater sites where, among other artefacts, pots and amphorae have been found.[3]

In Al-Andalus, during Islamic rule in the Iberian Peninsula, while there was little Arab or Berber presence in the territory of the current municipality there is evidence of use of their fishing technology, known in Spanish as encañizada. Muslim presence is also attested in nearby Los Alcázares, where walls and cisterns from this period remain.[4]

When King Alfonso X of Castile conquered the taifa of Murcia, the coastal area was only sparsely occupied, by shepherds and fishermen.

The Huerta de Murcia and Mar Menor regions were gradually repopulated between the 13th and 16th centuries. Some of the families obtaining property near the Mar Menor took their surnames from the local area: Lo de Tacón, Saavedra, Roda, Galtero y Aledo. New churches and chapels were built as new population centres developed. At the beginning of the 18th century, one of these small churches founded the hamlet of San Javier.[4]

By 1809, the population of the villages of San Javier, Roda and La Calavera was 428.[5]

During the three years of the Trienio Liberal (1820–1823), a number of town councils were established in the Huerta de Murcia and Mar Menor regions. One of these was in San Javier. When this period ended, the town council of San Javier was abolished and the area once again became a district of the municipality of Murcia. The San Javier town council was reinstated in 1836.[5]

Over the last 30 years of the 19th century, economic hardship and poverty in the municipality led inhabitants to migrate to find work as farmhands and miners, in La Unión in Murcia and Oran in Algeria. At the close of the 19th century the area had 3,770 inhabitants, of whom half were farmers and the remainder fishermen and artisans.[5]

Some families prospered despite local poverty, becoming wealthy through dealings in land. A new middle class of administrators of country estates, entrepreneurs, mine owners, moneylenders and farmers emerged.[5]

Settlement of the area known today as Santiago de la Ribera began in 1888.[5][6]

A Naval Flying School was founded in San Javier in 1932.[5]

In 1943, the San Javier General Air Force Academy (Academia General del Aire) was established, founding a new neighbourhood, Ciudad del Aire.[5]

Administrative divisions

The administrative perimeter of the municipality includes the town and ten smaller villages. Of these, the last two in the list are located on the coast:[7][8]

Climate

Climate data for Murcia—San Javier (Airport 4 m, near sea) (1981–2010), extremes (1930–)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 26.2
(79.2) 		27.8
(82.0) 		31.5
(88.7) 		32.0
(89.6) 		36.0
(96.8) 		36.9
(98.4) 		40.5
(104.9) 		40.0
(104.0) 		39.4
(102.9) 		35.5
(95.9) 		30.0
(86.0) 		27.0
(80.6) 		40.5
(104.9)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 16.0
(60.8) 		16.7
(62.1) 		18.5
(65.3) 		20.4
(68.7) 		22.9
(73.2) 		26.4
(79.5) 		28.9
(84.0) 		29.5
(85.1) 		27.5
(81.5) 		24.0
(75.2) 		19.8
(67.6) 		17.6
(63.7) 		22.3
(72.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 10.8
(51.4) 		11.6
(52.9) 		13.4
(56.1) 		15.3
(59.5) 		18.4
(65.1) 		22.2
(72.0) 		24.8
(76.6) 		25.5
(77.9) 		23.2
(73.8) 		19.4
(66.9) 		14.9
(58.8) 		11.9
(53.4) 		17.6
(63.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 5.5
(41.9) 		6.5
(43.7) 		8.4
(47.1) 		10.2
(50.4) 		13.8
(56.8) 		17.9
(64.2) 		20.7
(69.3) 		21.5
(70.7) 		18.9
(66.0) 		14.7
(58.5) 		10.0
(50.0) 		6.8
(44.2) 		12.9
(55.2)
Record low °C (°F) −3.8
(25.2) 		−4.0
(24.8) 		−3.0
(26.6) 		1.0
(33.8) 		4.8
(40.6) 		9.5
(49.1) 		11.0
(51.8) 		12.0
(53.6) 		7.9
(46.2) 		4.0
(39.2) 		−1.5
(29.3) 		−5.4
(22.3) 		−5.4
(22.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 42
(1.7) 		27
(1.1) 		24
(0.9) 		23
(0.9) 		25
(1.0) 		7
(0.3) 		2
(0.1) 		7
(0.3) 		39
(1.5) 		39
(1.5) 		47
(1.9) 		30
(1.2) 		313
(12.3)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 4 3 3 3 3 1 0 1 3 4 4 4 33
Mean monthly sunshine hours 173 171 206 224 266 288 307 283 224 200 162 156 2,621
Source: Agencia Estatal de Meteorología[9][10]

Aerodrome

A military aerodrome was built in Santiago de la Ribera before the Spanish Civil War. Its Bomber School (Escuela de Vuelo de Alta Velocidad) and Multi-Engine Aircraft School (Escuela de polimotores) were used by the Spanish Republican Air Force to train military pilots.[11]

After the Civil War, the airfield was used by the Spanish Air Force as an occasional landing facility. Currently it is the location of Murcia–San Javier Airport, which was to August 2018 the largest in the Region of Murcia.[12]

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ Municipal Register of Spain 2018. National Statistics Institute.
  2. ^ "Historia de San Javier- Prehistoria - Región de Murcia Digital" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2017-09-17.
  3. ^ "Historia de San Javier- Antigüedad - Región de Murcia Digital" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2017-09-17.
  4. ^ a b "Historia de San Javier - Edad Media - Región de Murcia Digital" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-09-17.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g "Historia San Javier - Edad Contemporánea - Región de Murcia Digital" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-09-17.
  6. ^ "Ayuntamiento de San Javier" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-09-17.
  7. ^ "Las pedanías". www.sanjavier.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-07-14.
  8. ^ "Pedanías de San Javier - Región de Murcia Digital". www.regmurcia.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-07-14.
  9. ^ "Normals San Javier Aeropuerto". AEMET. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
  10. ^ "Extremes for San Javier Aeropuerto". AEMET. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
  11. ^ Memoria republicana — SBHAC. Estructura orgánica de las FARE
  12. ^ Ejército del Aire - Academia General del Aire (AGA) Archived 2015-02-01 at the Wayback Machine

External links

  • Ayuntamiento de San Javier (In Spanish)
  • San Javier - Región de Murcia Digital (In Spanish)
  • Imágenes de personal de las Fuerzas Aéreas republicanas
Authority control databases Edit this at Wikidata
International
  • FAST
  • VIAF
National
  • Spain
  • Israel
  • United States
Geographic
  • MusicBrainz area