Santi Marcellino e Pietro al Laterano

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Church in Rome, Italy

41°53′20.57″N 12°30′11.26″E / 41.8890472°N 12.5031278°E / 41.8890472; 12.5031278LocationVia Labicana 1, RomeCountryItalyDenominationRoman CatholicHistoryStatusTitular churchFounded4th centuryDedicationMarcellinus and PeterArchitectureArchitect(s)Gerolamo TheodoliStylePaleochristian, BaroqueCompleted1751AdministrationDioceseRome

Santi Marcellino e Pietro al Laterano is a Roman catholic parish and titular church in Rome on the Via Merulana. One of the oldest churches in Rome, it is dedicated to Saints Marcellinus and Peter, 4th century Roman martyrs, whose relics were brought here in 1256.

History

The first church on the site was built in the fourth century, not far from the Via Labicana's catacombs of Marcellinus and Peter, with an adjoining hospice which became a centre for pilgrims.^[1] The church was restored by Pope Gregory III in the 8th century. Ever since these early centuries, it has been among Rome's stational churches for the Saturday of the Second Week in Lent. When the church was rebuilt in 1256 by Pope Alexander IV, the martyrs' relics were transferred from a church located on the ancient "via Labicana", built on the catacombs where the two saints were buried. An image of the dedicatees was placed on the first column on the left from the entrance during this restoration, with an inscription recording the restoration. The hospice was transferred in 1276 to the Ospedale del Salvatore.

In 1751 the property became a canonry with four canons of the Lateran, which then leased the premises to Discalced Carmelite nuns in 1767, where they remained until 1906. The nuns had a cloister garden, separated from the Via Labicana by a wall. Since then, it has been a parochial church served by diocesan clergy.

Seized by the state in 1873 the church is managed today through the Fondo Edifici di Culto (FEC). The former convent, from the 18th century, is now used as a barracks.

Architecture

The present church, which now lies below street level, is the result of Pope Benedict XIV's 1751 reconstruction a bit northeast of the old church. The cube-shaped exterior is divided by pilaster strips in a Neoclassical style, but with a late-Baroque elements, including a dome influenced by the architecture of Borromini. The façade was designed by Girolamo Theodoli. An inscription that runs along the facade recalls the reconstruction carried out in 1751 by Pope Benedict XIV. The doorway has a simple triangular pediment.

Interior

The church has a Greek cross plan: the main altarpiece by Gaetano Lapis depicts the dedicatees' martyrdom.^[2] Under the high altar is an urn containing relics of Saint Marzia.

On the left side is a chapel dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, with a copy of Guido Reni's The Virgin in Glory with Angels, St Joseph and St Rita. The chapel on the right is dedicated to Saint Gregory with an altarpiece by Filippo Evangelisti.

This is the titular church of Czech cardinal Dominik Jaroslav Duka, O. P.

References

^ "Via Merulana", Roma Segreta
^ "Chiesa dei Santi Marcellino e Pietro al Laterano", Turismo Roma

External links

Chiesa di Santi Marcellino e Pietro al Laterano on gcatholic.org.

Bibliography

Giacomo Laderchi, De sacris basilicis ss. martyrum Marcellini et Petri de urbe dissertation historica (Roma: per F. Gonzagam, 1705).
Giovanni Battista de Rossi, Escavazioni nel cimitero dei ss. Pietro e Marcellino sulla via Labicana (Roma: Tipi del Salviucci 1882) .