Sardinian long-eared bat

Species of bat

Sardinian long-eared bat
Conservation status

Critically Endangered (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Vespertilionidae
Genus: Plecotus
Species:
P. sardus
Binomial name
Plecotus sardus
Mucedda, Kiefer, Pidincedda and Vieth 2002

The Sardinian long-eared bat (Plecotus sardus) is a critically-endangered species of bat endemic to Sardinia, Italy.

This species was discovered in 2002 in the caves of central Sardinia, the type locality being a cave in Lanaitto's Valley in the Oliena District.[2] It appears to be closely related to Plecotus auritus and Plecotus macrobullaris.[2] It was identified as a new species by a study clearly showing divergence from other Plecotus species in its mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene.[3]

Description

P. sardus is a small bat with a head-and-body length of about 45 mm (1.8 in), ears of about 38 mm (1.5 in) and a weight of up to 9 g (0.32 oz). The snout is cone-shaped with a fleshy knob on the chin. The ears are oval and joined above the forehead by a fine membrane. The tragus is tapered with a blunt tip and is half as long as the ear. The wing membranes are attached to the rear part of the base of the fifth toe. The tail is long and extends a short way beyond the interfemoral membrane. The fur is fine, long and woolly and is greyish-brown dorsally and whitish or pale brown ventrally. The wing membranes are brown. Two features which distinguish this bat from related species are the cylindrical penis in males and the short, Y-shaped penile bone.[3]

Status

The Sardinian long-eared bat was first identified in 2002 and is only known from three caves where it roosts. Two of these are in the Gennargentu National Park and one near the coast. It hunts in forests and the threats it faces include habitat loss and disturbance by tourism. With a small total population and a decreasing population trend, the International Union for Conservation of Nature lists it as being a "critically endangered species".[1] This bat is the sole surviving endemic mammal found on the Island of Sardinia, the others all having become extinct since the arrival of humans some 8500 years ago.[4]

References

  1. ^ a b Russo, D.; Cistrone, L. (2023). "Plecotus sardus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2023: e.T136503A211020578. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T136503A211020578.en. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
  2. ^ a b Simmons, N.B. (2005). "Order Chiroptera". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 483. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  3. ^ a b Mucceda, M.; Kiefer, A.; Pidincedda, E.; Veith, M. (2002). "A new species of long-eared bat (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) from Sardinia (Italy)" (PDF). Acta Chiropterologica. 4 (2): 121–135. doi:10.3161/001.004.0202.
  4. ^ Amori,Giovanni; Gippoliti, Spartaco; Luiselli, Luca (2013). "A short review of the roles of climate and man in mammal extinctions during the Anthropocene". Anthropocene—Natural and Man-made Alterations of the Earth's Fragile Equilibrium. 25: 95–99. doi:10.1007/s12210-013-0240-6. S2CID 84651348.
  • Spitzenberger, F.; Strelkov, P. P.; Winkler, H.; Haring, E. (2006-05-16). "A preliminary revision of the genus Plecotus (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) based on genetic and morphological results". Zoologica Scripta. 35 (3): 187–230. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2006.00224.x. S2CID 86065200.

External links

  • Sardegna Foreste
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Species of subfamily Vespertilioninae
Aeorestes
  • Hoary bat (A. cinereus)
  • Big red bat (A. egregius)
  • Hawaiian hoary bat (A. semotus)
  • A. villosissimus
Afronycteris
Heller's serotine (A. helios)
  • Banana serotine(A. nanus)
Antrozous
  • Pallid bat (A. pallidus)
  • Arielulus
    • Collared pipistrelle (A. aureocollaris)
    • Black-gilded pipistrelle (A. circumdatus)
    • Coppery pipistrelle (A. cuprosus)
    • Social pipistrelle (A. societatis)
    • Necklace pipistrelle (A. torquatus)
    Barbastella
    • Western barbastelle (B. barbastellus)
    • Beijing barbastelle (B. beijingensis)
    • Eastern barbastelle (B. darjelingensis)
    • Asian barbastelle (B. leucomelas)
    Bauerus
    • Van Gelder's bat (B. dubiaquercus)
    Chalinolobus
    • Large-eared pied bat (C. dwyeri)
    • Gould's wattled bat (C. gouldii)
    • Chocolate wattled bat (C. morio)
    • New Caledonia wattled bat (C. neocaledonicus)
    • Hoary wattled bat (C. nigrogriseus)
    • Little pied bat (C. picatus)
    • New Zealand long-tailed bat (C. tuberculatus)
    Corynorhinus
    • Mexican big-eared bat (C. mexicanus)
    • Rafinesque's big-eared bat (C. rafinesquii)
    • Townsend's big-eared bat (C. townsendii)
    Dasypterus
    • Southern yellow bat (D. ega)
    • Cuban yellow bat (D. insularis)
    • Northern yellow bat (D. intermedius)
    • Western yellow bat (D. xanthinus)
    Eptesicus
    • E. anatolicus
    • Little black serotine (E. andinus)
    • Bobrinski's serotine (E. bobrinskoi)
    • Botta's serotine (E. bottae)
    • Brazilian brown bat (E. brasiliensis)
    • E. chiriquinus
    • Diminutive serotine (E. diminutus)
    • Surat serotine (E. dimissus)
    • Horn-skinned bat (E. floweri)
    • Argentine brown bat (E. furinalis)
    • Big brown bat (E. fuscus)
    • Gobi big brown bat (E. gobiensis)
    • Guadeloupe big brown bat (E. guadeloupensis)
    • Long-tailed house bat (E. hottentotus)
    • Harmless serotine (E. innoxius)
    • E. isabellinus
    • E. japonensis
    • Kobayashi's bat (E. kobayashii)
    • E. lobatus
    • Sind bat (E. nasutus)
    • Northern bat (E. nilssonii)
    • E. ognevi
    • E. pachyomus
    • Thick-eared bat (E. pachyotis)
    • Lagos serotine (E. platyops)
    • Serotine bat (E. serotinus)
    • E. taddeii
    • Sombre bat (E. tatei)
    Euderma
    • Spotted bat (E. maculatum)
    Eudiscopus
    • Disk-footed bat (E. denticulus)
    Falsistrellus
    • Chocolate pipistrelle (F. affinis)
    • Western false pipistrelle (F. mackenziei)
    • Pungent pipistrelle (F. mordax)
    • Peters's pipistrelle (F. petersi)
    • Eastern false pipistrelle (F. tasmaniensis)
    Glauconycteris
    • Allen's striped bat (G. alboguttata)
    • Silvered bat (G. argentata)
    • Beatrix's bat (G. beatrix)
    • Curry's bat (G. curryae)
    • Bibundi bat (G. egeria)
    • Glen's wattled bat (G. gleni)
    • Allen's spotted bat (G. humeralis)
    • Kenyan wattled bat (G. kenyacola)
    • Machado's butterfly bat (G. machadoi)
    • Abo bat (G. poensis)
    • Variegated butterfly bat (G. variegata)
    Glischropus
    • G. aquilus
    • G. bucephalus
    • Javan thick-thumbed bat (G. javanus)
    • Common thick-thumbed bat (G. tylopus)
    Hesperoptenus
    • Blanford's bat (H. blanfordi)
    • False serotine bat (H. doriae)
    • Gaskell's false serotine (H. gaskelli)
    • Tickell's bat (H. tickelli)
    • Large false serotine (H. tomesi)
    Histiotus
    • Strange big-eared brown bat (H. alienus)
    • H. diaphanopterus
    • Humboldt big-eared brown bat (H. humboldti)
    • Thomas's big-eared brown bat (H. laephotis)
    • Big-eared brown bat (H. macrotus)
    • Southern big-eared brown bat (H. magellanicus)
    • Small big-eared brown bat (H. montanus)
    • Tropical big-eared brown bat (H. velatus)
    Hypsugo
    • H. alaschanicus
    • H. anthonyi
    • Arabian pipistrelle (H. arabicus)
    • Desert pipistrelle (H. ariel)
    • H. bemainty
    • Cadorna's pipistrelle (H. cadornae)
    • Broad-headed pipistrelle (H. crassulus)
    • Long-toothed pipistrelle (H. dolichodon)
    • Eisentraut's pipistrelle (H. eisentrauti)
    • Brown pipistrelle (H. imbricatus)
    • Joffre's pipistrelle (H. joffrei)
    • Red-brown pipistrelle (H. kitcheneri)
    • Lanza's pipistrelle (H. lanzai)
    • Burma pipistrelle (H. lophurus)
    • Big-eared pipistrelle (H. macrotis)
    • Mouselike pipistrelle (H. musciculus)
    • Chinese pipistrelle (H. pulveratus)
    • Savi's pipistrelle (H. savii)
    • Vordermann's pipistrelle (H. vordermanni)
    Ia
    • Great evening bat (I. io)
    Idionycteris
    • Allen's big-eared bat (I. phyllotis)
    Laephotis
    • Angolan long-eared bat (L. angolensis)
    • Botswanan long-eared bat (L. botswanae)
    • Namib long-eared bat (L. namibensis)
    • De Winton's long-eared bat (L. wintoni)
    Lasionycteris
    • Silver-haired bat (L. noctivagans)
    Lasiurus
    • L. arequipae
    • L. atratus
    • Desert red bat (L. blossevillii)
    • Eastern red bat (L. borealis)
    • Tacarcuna bat (L. castaneus)
    • Jamaican red bat (L. degelidus)
    • Hairy-tailed bat (L. ebenus)
    • Western red bat (L. frantzii))
    • Minor red bat (L. minor)
    • Pfeiffer's red bat (L. pfeifferi)
    • Saline red bat (L. salinae)
    • Seminole bat (L. seminolus)
    • Cinnamon red bat (L. varius)
    Mimetillus
    • Moloney's mimic bat (M. moloneyi)
    Neoromicia
    • Dark-brown serotine (N. brunnea)
    • Cape serotine (N. capensis)
    • Yellow serotine (N. flavescens)
    • N. grandidieri
    • Tiny serotine (N. guineensis)
    • N. isabella
    • Isalo serotine (N. malagasyensis)
    • Malagasy serotine (N. matroka)
    • Melck's house bat (N. melckorum)
    • Rendall's serotine (N. rendalli)
    • N. robertsi
    • Rosevear's serotine (N. roseveari)
    • Somali serotine (N. somalica)
    • N. stanleyi
    • White-winged serotine (N. tenuipinnis)
    • Zulu serotine (N. zuluensis)
    Niumbaha
    • Pied bat (N. superba)
    Nyctalus
    • Birdlike noctule (N. aviator)
    • Azores noctule (N. azoreum)
    • Nyctalus furvus (N. furvus)
    • Greater noctule bat (N. lasiopterus)
    • Lesser noctule (N. leisleri)
    • Mountain noctule (N. montanus)
    • Common noctule (N. noctula)
    • Chinese noctule (N. plancyi)
    Nycticeinops
    • Schlieffen's bat (N. schlieffeni)
    Nycticeius
    • Temminck's mysterious bat (N. aenobarbus)
    • Cuban evening bat (N. cubanus)
    • Evening bat (N. humeralis)
    Nyctophilus
    • Northern long-eared bat (N. arnhemensis)
    • Eastern long-eared bat (N. bifax)
    • N. corbeni
    • N. daedalus
    • Lesser long-eared bat (N. geoffroyi)
    • Gould's long-eared bat (N. gouldi)
    • Sunda long-eared bat (N. heran)
    • Lord Howe long-eared bat (N. howensis)
    • N. major
    • Small-toothed long-eared bat (N. microdon)
    • New Guinea long-eared bat (N. microtis)
    • New Caledonian long-eared bat (N. nebulosus)
    • Tasmanian long-eared bat (N. sherrini)
    • Mount Missim long-eared bat (N. shirleyae)
    • Greater long-eared bat (N. timoriensis)
    • Pygmy long-eared bat (N. walkeri)
    Otonycteris
    • Desert long-eared bat (O. hemprichii)
    • Otonycteris leucophaea (O. leucophaea)
    Parastrellus
    • Western pipistrelle (P. hesperus)
    Perimyotis
    • Eastern pipistrelle (P. subflavus)
    Pharotis
    • New Guinea big-eared bat (P. imogene)
    Philetor
    • Rohu's bat (P. brachypterus)
    Pipistrellus
    • Japanese house bat (P. abramus)
    • Forest pipistrelle (P. adamsi)
    • Mount Gargues pipistrelle (P. aero)
    • Anchieta's pipistrelle (P. anchietae)
    • Angulate pipistrelle (P. angulatus)
    • Kelaart's pipistrelle (P. ceylonicus)
    • Greater Papuan pipistrelle (P. collinus)
    • Indian pipistrelle (P. coromandra)
    • P. dhofarensis
    • Egyptian pipistrelle (P. deserti)
    • Endo's pipistrelle (P. endoi)
    • P. hanaki
    • Dusky pipistrelle (P. hesperidus)
    • Aellen's pipistrelle (P. inexspectatus)
    • Java pipistrelle (P. javanicus)
    • Kuhl's pipistrelle (P. kuhlii)
    • Madeira pipistrelle (P. maderensis)
    • Minahassa pipistrelle (P. minahassae)
    • Christmas Island pipistrelle (P. murrayi)
    • Tiny pipistrelle (P. nanulus)
    • Nathusius's pipistrelle (P. nathusii)
    • Lesser Papuan pipistrelle (P. papuanus)
    • Mount Popa pipistrelle (P. paterculus)
    • Dar es Salaam pipistrelle (P. permixtus)
    • Common pipistrelle (P. pipistrellus)
    • Soprano pipistrelle (P. pygmaeus)
    • P. raceyi
    • Rüppell's pipistrelle (P. rueppellii)
    • Rusty pipistrelle (P. rusticus)
    • Narrow-winged pipistrelle (P. stenopterus)
    • Sturdee's pipistrelle (P. sturdeei)
    • Least pipistrelle (P. tenuis)
    • Watts's pipistrelle (P. wattsi)
    • Northern pipistrelle (P. westralis)
    Plecotus
    • P. ariel
    • Brown long-eared bat (P. auritus)
    • Grey long-eared bat (P. austriacus)
    • Ethiopian big-eared bat (P. balensis)
    • P. begognae
    • Christie's big-eared bat (P. christiei)
    • P. gaisleri
    • P. homochrous
    • Kolombatovic's long-eared bat (P. kolombatovici)
    • P. kozlovi
    • Alpine long-eared bat (P. macrobullaris)
    • Ognev's long-eared bat (P. ognevi
    • Japanese long-eared bat (P. sacrimontis)
    • Sardinian long-eared bat (P. sardus)
    • P. strelkovi
    • Taiwan big-eared bat (P. taivanus)
    • Canary big-eared bat (P. teneriffae)
    • P. turkmenicus
    • P. wardi
    Rhogeessa
    • Yucatan yellow bat (R. aeneus)
    • Allen's yellow bat (R. alleni)
    • Bickham's little yellow bat (R. bickhami)
    • Genoways's yellow bat (R. genowaysi)
    • Slender yellow bat (R. gracilis)
    • Husson's yellow bat (R. hussoni)
    • Thomas's yellow bat (R. io
    • Menchu's little yellow bat (R. menchuae)
    • Tiny yellow bat (R. minutilla)
    • Least yellow bat (R. mira)
    • Little yellow bat (R. parvula)
    • Black-winged little yellow bat (R. tumida)
    • R. velilla
    Scoteanax
    • Rüppell's broad-nosed bat (S. rueppellii)
    Scotoecus
    • White-bellied lesser house bat (S. albigula)
    • Light-winged lesser house bat (S. albofuscus)
    • Hinde's lesser house bat (S. hindei)
    • Dark-winged lesser house bat (S. hirundo)
    • Desert yellow bat (S. pallidus)
    Scotomanes
    • Harlequin bat (S. ornatus)
    Scotophilus
    • S. alvenslebeni
    • Andrew Rebori's house bat (S. andrewreborii)
    • Lesser yellow bat (S. borbonicus)
    • Sulawesi yellow bat (S. celebensis)
    • Sody's yellow house bat (S. collinus)
    • African yellow bat (S. dinganii)
    • Ejeta's house bat (S. ejetai)
    • Greater Asiatic yellow bat (S. heathii)
    • Lesser Asiatic yellow bat (S. kuhlii)
    • White-bellied yellow bat (S. leucogaster)
    • Livingstone's house bat (S. livingstonii)
    • Marovaza house bat (S. marovaza)
    • Schreber's yellow bat (S. nigrita)
    • S. nigritellus
    • Robbins's yellow bat (S. nucella)
    • Nut-colored yellow bat (S. nux)
    • Robust yellow bat (S. robustus)
    • S. tandrefana
    • Trujillo’s house bat (S. trujilloi)
    • Greenish yellow bat (S. viridis)
    Scotorepens
    • Inland broad-nosed bat (S. balstoni)
    • Little broad-nosed bat (S. greyii)
    • Eastern broad-nosed bat (S. orion)
    • Northern broad-nosed bat (S. sanborni)
    Scotozous
    • Dormer's bat (S. dormeri)
    Tylonycteris
    • T. fulvida
    • T. malayana
    • Lesser bamboo bat (T. pachypus)
    • Pygmy bamboo bat (T. pygmaeus)
    • Greater bamboo bat (T. robustula)
    • T. tonkinensis
    Vespadelus
    • Inland forest bat (V. baverstocki)
    • Northern cave bat (V. caurinus)
    • Large forest bat (V. darlingtoni)
    • Yellow-lipped bat (V. douglasorum)
    • Finlayson's cave bat (V. finlaysoni)
    • Eastern forest bat (V. pumilus)
    • Southern forest bat (V. regulus)
    • Eastern cave bat (V. troughtoni)
    • Little forest bat (V. vulturnus)
    Vespertilio
    • Parti-coloured bat (V. murinus)
    • Asian particolored bat (V. sinensis)
    Taxon identifiers
    Plecotus sardus