Somphospondyli

Extinct clade of sauropods

Somphospondylans
Temporal range: Late Jurassic to Late Cretaceous, 150–66 Ma
PreꞒ
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Skeleton of Qiaowanlong
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Clade: Saurischia
Clade: Sauropodomorpha
Clade: Sauropoda
Clade: Macronaria
Clade: Camarasauromorpha
Clade: Titanosauriformes
Clade: Somphospondyli
Wilson & Sereno, 1998
Subgroups

Somphospondyli is an extinct clade of titanosauriform sauropods that lived from the Late Jurassic until the end of the Late Cretaceous, comprising all titanosauriforms more closely related to Titanosauria proper than Brachiosauridae. The remains of somphospondylans have been discovered on all continents.

Classification

The group has officially been defined under the PhyloCode as the largest clade containing Saltasaurus loricatus, but not Giraffatitan brancai.[1] Features found as diagnostic of this clade by Mannion et al. (2013) include the possession of at least 15 cervical vertebrae; a bevelled radius bone end; sacral vertebrae with camellate internal texture; convex posterior articular surfaces of middle to posterior caudal vertebrae; biconvex distal caudal vertebrae; humerus anterolateral corner "squared"; among multiple others.[2]

The following cladogram depicts the reference phylogeny used to defined Somphospondlyi under the PhyloCode.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b Silva Junior, Julian C. G.; Martinelli, Agustín G.; Iori, Fabiano V.; Marinho, Thiago S.; Hechenleitner, E. Martín; Langer, Max C. (2021-04-29). "Reassessment of Aeolosaurus maximus, a titanosaur dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Southeastern Brazil" (PDF). Historical Biology. 34 (3): 403–411. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.1920016. ISSN 0891-2963.
  2. ^ Mannion, P.D.; Upchurch, P.; Barnes, R.N.; Mateus, O. (2013). "Osteology of the Late Jurassic Portuguese sauropod dinosaur Lusotitan atalaiensis (Macronaria) and the evolutionary history of basal titanosauriforms". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 168: 98–206. doi:10.1111/zoj.12029.
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Avemetatarsalia
    • see Avemetatarsalia
Sauropodomorpha
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Saturnaliidae
Unaysauridae
Plateosauridae
Riojasauridae
Massospondylidae
Sauropodiformes
Anchisauria
Sauropoda
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Buriolestes schultzi

Pantydraco caducus Massospondylus carinatus

Jingshanosaurus xinwaensis
Lessemsauridae
Vulcanodontidae
Cetiosauridae
Mamenchisauridae
Turiasauria
Neosauropoda
Diplodocoidea
  • (see below ↓ )
Macronaria
  • (see below ↓ )
Dubious sauropods
Vulcanodon karibaensis

Barapasaurus tagorei Patagosaurus fariasi

Turiasaurus riodevnesis
Rebbachisauridae
Khebbashia
Limaysaurinae
Rebbachisaurinae
Flagellicaudata
Dicraeosauridae
Diplodocidae
Apatosaurinae
Diplodocinae
Dicraeosaurus hansemanni Diplodocus carnegii
Camarasauridae
Brachiosauridae
Somphospondyli
Euhelopodidae
Diamantinasauria
Titanosauria
    • see below↓
Pelorosaurus brevis

Sauroposeidon proteles

Wintonotitan wattsi
Lirainosaurinae
Colossosauria
Rinconsauria
Aeolosaurini
Lognkosauria
Saltasauroidea
Nemegtosauridae
Saltasauridae
Opisthocoelicaudiinae
Saltasaurinae
Dubious titanosaurs
Andesaurus delgadoi

Ampelosaurus atacis Futalognkosaurus dukei

Saltasaurus loricatus
Topics in sauropodomorph research
Taxon identifiers
Somphospondyli
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