Soyuz MS-10

Soyuz MS-10

Launch of the Soyuz-FG rocket carrying the MS-10 spacecraft
Mission type	ISS crew rotation (intended)
Operator	Roscosmos
Mission duration	19 minutes, 41 seconds
Orbits completed	Failed to orbit
Apogee	93.0 km (sub-orbital spaceflight)
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft type	Soyuz-MS (11F747)
Manufacturer	RKK Energia
Crew
Members	Aleksey Ovchinin T. Nicklaus Hague
Callsign	Burlak
Start of mission
Launch date	11 October 2018, 08:40 UTC
Rocket	Soyuz-FG (U15000-064)
Launch site	Baikonur Pad 1/5
End of mission
Landing date	11 October 2018, 08:59 UTC
Landing site	20 km east of Jezkazgan, Kazakhstan
Hague (left) and Ovchinin (right) Soyuz programme (Crewed missions) ← Soyuz MS-09 Soyuz MS-11 →

Soyuz MS-10 was a crewed Soyuz MS spaceflight that aborted shortly after launch on 11 October 2018^[1][2] due to a failure of the Soyuz-FG launch vehicle boosters.^[3][4] MS-10 was the 139th flight of a Soyuz spacecraft. It was intended to transport two members of the Expedition 57 crew to the International Space Station. A few minutes after liftoff, the craft went into contingency abort due to a booster failure and had to return to Earth. By the time the contingency abort was declared, the launch escape system (LES) tower had already been ejected and the capsule was pulled away from the rocket using the solid rocket jettison motors on the capsule fairing.^[5] Both crew members, Roscosmos cosmonaut Aleksey Ovchinin and NASA astronaut Nick Hague, were recovered in good health.^[3] The MS-10 flight abort was the first instance of a Russian crewed booster accident in 35 years, since Soyuz T-10-1 exploded on the launch pad in September 1983.^[6][7][8] On 1 November 2018, Russian scientists released a video recording of the mission.^[9]

Crew

Prime crew

Position	Crew member
Commander	Aleksey Ovchinin, RSA Expedition 57 Second spaceflight
Flight Engineer 1	Nick Hague, NASA Expedition 57 First spaceflight

Backup crew

Position[10]	Crew member
Commander	Oleg Kononenko, RSA
Flight Engineer 1	David Saint-Jacques, CSA

Mission

Launch vehicle, plume from escape tower, 4 boosters, and debris after separation (left) and the crew greeting their families in Baikonur hours after landing (right).

A few minutes after liftoff, which took place at 08:40 UTC, the crew reported feeling weightless, and mission control declared a booster had failed. According to Sergei Krikalev of Roscosmos, the primary cause of the failure was a collision that occurred during the separation of the carrier rocket's first and second stages. "A deviation from the standard trajectory occurred and apparently the lower part of the second stage disintegrated," he said.^[11] Shortly after, a contingency was declared and the spacecraft carrying the crew performed an emergency separation, returning to Earth in a ballistic trajectory, during which the crew experienced "about six to seven times Earth's gravity" followed by a successful landing.^[12] The abort occurred at an altitude of approximately 50 kilometres (31 miles);^[5] the spacecraft reached an apogee of 93 km (58 mi) then landed 19 minutes and 41 seconds after launch.^[13] At 08:55 UTC the search and rescue team was deployed to recover the crew and the spacecraft, which had landed 402 kilometres (250 mi) from the launch site and 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Jezkazgan, Kazakhstan.^[14] Approximately 25 minutes after the search and rescue team took off, NASA announced they were in contact with Ovchinin and Hague. NASA TV broadcast photographs of the crew undergoing medical tests and apparently healthy at Jezkazgan Airport at 12:04 UTC.^[15] The crew flew to the Baikonur Cosmodrome to meet their families^[16] before leaving for Moscow.^[17]

Aftermath

Following the aborted spaceflight, the Russian government announced that crewed Soyuz launches would be temporarily suspended. Roscosmos ordered a full state commission to investigate the incident,^[18] and the BBC reported that a criminal investigation was also expected.^[19] A few weeks prior to the failed launch, another investigation had commenced into how a hole came to be drilled into the wall of the Soyuz MS-09 capsule that was then docked at the International Space Station.^[20]

After collecting the debris of the rocket, the Soyuz MS-10 commission started the investigation on 15 October 2018.^[21] Initially a faulty cable connecting to the first stage booster was suspected, but by 17 October 2018 the commission was concentrating on the manufacturing sequence of the Soyuz rocket, and set the investigation deadline to 21 October 2018.^[22] By 18 October 2018, the failure to correctly mate the first stage booster with the first stage core was identified as the likely cause of the flight abort. The side booster was likely damaged and re-contacted the core during stage separation.^[23] On 22 October 2018, the investigation deadline was extended to 30 October 2018, with a preliminary report tentatively blaming a damaged separation sensor failing to activate the separation motor of one of the side boosters, similar to an uncrewed flight failure in 1986.^[24] The commission report was provided on 31 October 2018, concluding that a ball joint supporting the errant side booster was deformed during assembly, preventing proper separation of the side booster, while the sensor and separation motor had worked properly.

After the investigation identified an assembly error that would require no material change to the Soyuz-FG configuration, the next crewed Soyuz flight (MS-11) was scheduled for 3 December 2018.^[25] Within a day of the incident Dmitry Rogozin, chief of Roscosmos, said that Ovchinin and Hague would fly again in early 2019.^[26] In December 2018, it was announced that Ovchinin and Hague would fly on Soyuz MS-12 as part of Expedition 59/60 with Ovchinin serving as Commander of Expedition 60.^[27] MS-12 launched successfully on 14 March 2019, achieving the mission that MS-10 had failed.^[28]

The MS-10 descent module was installed outside of Roscosmos headquarters. It was unveiled 2 December 2019.^[29]

Significant soil pollution by rocket propellants has not been detected at crash sites of the rocket.^[30]

See also

• List of spaceflight-related accidents and incidents
• Soyuz abort history

References

External links

• Media related to Soyuz MS-10 at Wikimedia Commons
• Manned Soyuz space mission aborts during launch at Wikinews
• Video showing the booster separation

• v
• t
• e

Soyuz programme

• List of Soyuz missions
• List of Soviet human spaceflight missions
• List of Russian human spaceflight missions

Main topics

• Soyuz (rocket family)
• Soyuz (spacecraft)
• Baikonur Cosmodrome
  • Site 1/5
  • Site 31/6
• Soyuz abort modes
• Cosmonaut ranks and positions

Past missions
(by spacecraft type)

Soyuz 7K-OK (1966–1970)	Kosmos 133† Soyuz 7K-OK No.1† (uncrewed) Kosmos 140 Soyuz 1† Kosmos 186 188 212 213 238 Soyuz 2 (uncrewed) 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Soyuz 7K-L1 (1967–1970) (Zond lunar programme)	Kosmos 146 154† Zond 1967A† 1967B† Zond 4 1968A† 1968B† 5 6 1969A† Zond-M 1† M 2† Zond 7 8 9 10
Soyuz 7K-L1E (1969–1970)	Soyuz 7K-L1E No.1† Kosmos 382
Soyuz 7K-LOK (1971–1972)	Soyuz 7K-LOK No.1† No.2†
Soyuz 7K-OKS (1971)	Soyuz 10† 11†
Soyuz 7K-T (1972–1981)	Kosmos 496 573 Soyuz 12 Kosmos 613 Soyuz 13 Kosmos 656 Soyuz 14 15† 17 18a† 18 20 (uncrewed) 21 23† 24 25† 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 (uncrewed landing) 33† 34 (uncrewed launch) 35 36 37 38 39 40
Soyuz 7K-TM (1974–1976)	Kosmos 638 672 Soyuz 16 19 (Apollo–Soyuz) 22
Soyuz 7K-S (1974–1976)	Kosmos 670 772† 869†
Soyuz-T (1978–1986)	Kosmos 1001† 1074 Soyuz T-1 (uncrewed) T-2 T-3 T-4 T-5 T-6 T-7 T-8† T-9 T-10a† T-10 T-11 T-12 T-13 T-14 T-15
Soyuz-TM (1986–2002)	Soyuz TM-1 (uncrewed) TM-2 TM-3 TM-4 TM-5 TM-6 TM-7 TM-8 TM-9 TM-10 TM-11 TM-12 TM-13 TM-14 TM-15 TM-16 TM-17 TM-18 TM-19 TM-20 TM-21 TM-22 TM-23 TM-24 TM-25 TM-26 TM-27 TM-28 TM-29 TM-30 TM-31 TM-32 TM-33 TM-34
Soyuz-TMA (2002–2012)	Soyuz TMA-1 TMA-2 TMA-3 TMA-4 TMA-5 TMA-6 TMA-7 TMA-8 TMA-9 TMA-10 TMA-11 TMA-12 TMA-13 TMA-14 TMA-15 TMA-16 TMA-17 TMA-18 TMA-19 TMA-20 TMA-21 TMA-22
Soyuz-TMA-M (2010–2016)	Soyuz TMA-01M TMA-02M TMA-03M TMA-04M TMA-05M TMA-06M TMA-07M TMA-08M TMA-09M TMA-10M TMA-11M TMA-12M TMA-13M TMA-14M TMA-15M TMA-16M TMA-17M TMA-18M TMA-19M TMA-20M
Soyuz MS (2016–present)	Soyuz MS-01 MS-02 MS-03 MS-04 MS-05 MS-06 MS-07 MS-08 MS-09 MS-10† MS-11 MS-12 MS-13 MS-14 (uncrewed test flight) MS-15 MS-16 MS-17 MS-18 MS-19 MS-20 MS-21 MS-22 (uncrewed landing) MS-23 (uncrewed launch) MS-24

Current missions

• MS-25

Future missions

• 2024
  • MS-26

Uncrewed missions are designated as Kosmos instead of Soyuz; exceptions are noted "(uncrewed)".
The † sign designates failed missions. Italics designates cancelled missions.