Stanford Moore
Stanford Moore | |
---|---|
Born | (1913-09-04)September 4, 1913 Chicago, Illinois |
Died | August 23, 1982(1982-08-23) (aged 68) New York City, New York |
Nationality | U.S. |
Alma mater | Vanderbilt University University of Wisconsin–Madison University School of Nashville |
Known for | Ribonuclease |
Awards | Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1972 |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Biochemistry |
Institutions | Rockefeller University |
Thesis | The identification of carbohydrates as benzimidazole derivatives (1938) |
Doctoral advisor | Karl Paul Link |
Stanford Moore (September 4, 1913 – August 23, 1982) was an American biochemist. He shared a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1972, with Christian B. Anfinsen and William Howard Stein, for work done at Rockefeller University on the structure of the enzyme ribonuclease and for contributing to the understanding of the connection between the chemical structure and catalytic activity of the ribonuclease molecule.
Moore attended Peabody Demonstration School, now known as University School of Nashville, and in 1935 graduated summa cum laude from Vanderbilt University, where he was a member of Phi Kappa Sigma. He earned his doctorate in Organic Chemistry from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1938. Moore then joined the staff of the Rockefeller Institute, later Rockefeller University, where he spent his entire professional career, with the exception of a period of government service during World War II. He became Professor of Biochemistry in 1952.
In 1958, he and William H. Stein developed the first automated amino acid analyzer, which facilitated the determination of protein sequences. In 1959, Moore and Stein announced the first determination of the complete amino acid sequence of an enzyme, ribonuclease, work which was cited in the Nobel award.
References
- Marshall, Garland R; Feng Jiawen A; Kuster Daniel J (2008). "Back to the future: Ribonuclease A". Biopolymers. 90 (3): 259–77. doi:10.1002/bip.20845. PMID 17868092. S2CID 2905312.
- Hirs, C H (January 1984). "Stanford Moore. Some personal recollections of his life and times". Anal. Biochem. 136 (1): 3–6. doi:10.1016/0003-2697(84)90301-4. PMID 6370037.
External links
- Stanford Moore — Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences
- Stanford Moore on Nobelprize.org including the Nobel Lecture, December 11, 1972 The Chemical Structures of Pancreatic Ribonuclease and Deoxyribonuclease
- v
- t
- e
- 1901: Jacobus van 't Hoff
- 1902: Emil Fischer
- 1903: Svante Arrhenius
- 1904: William Ramsay
- 1905: Adolf von Baeyer
- 1906: Henri Moissan
- 1907: Eduard Buchner
- 1908: Ernest Rutherford
- 1909: Wilhelm Ostwald
- 1910: Otto Wallach
- 1911: Marie Curie
- 1912: Victor Grignard / Paul Sabatier
- 1913: Alfred Werner
- 1914: Theodore Richards
- 1915: Richard Willstätter
- 1916
- 1917
- 1918: Fritz Haber
- 1919
- 1920: Walther Nernst
- 1921: Frederick Soddy
- 1922: Francis Aston
- 1923: Fritz Pregl
- 1924
- 1925: Richard Zsigmondy
- 1926: Theodor Svedberg
- 1927: Heinrich Wieland
- 1928: Adolf Windaus
- 1929: Arthur Harden / Hans von Euler-Chelpin
- 1930: Hans Fischer
- 1931: Carl Bosch / Friedrich Bergius
- 1932: Irving Langmuir
- 1933
- 1934: Harold Urey
- 1935: Frédéric Joliot-Curie / Irène Joliot-Curie
- 1936: Peter Debye
- 1937: Norman Haworth / Paul Karrer
- 1938: Richard Kuhn
- 1939: Adolf Butenandt / Leopold Ružička
- 1940
- 1941
- 1942
- 1943: George de Hevesy
- 1944: Otto Hahn
- 1945: Artturi Virtanen
- 1946: James B. Sumner / John Northrop / Wendell Meredith Stanley
- 1947: Robert Robinson
- 1948: Arne Tiselius
- 1949: William Giauque
- 1950: Otto Diels / Kurt Alder
- 1951: Edwin McMillan / Glenn T. Seaborg
- 1952: Archer Martin / Richard Synge
- 1953: Hermann Staudinger
- 1954: Linus Pauling
- 1955: Vincent du Vigneaud
- 1956: Cyril Hinshelwood / Nikolay Semyonov
- 1957: Alexander Todd
- 1958: Frederick Sanger
- 1959: Jaroslav Heyrovský
- 1960: Willard Libby
- 1961: Melvin Calvin
- 1962: Max Perutz / John Kendrew
- 1963: Karl Ziegler / Giulio Natta
- 1964: Dorothy Hodgkin
- 1965: Robert Woodward
- 1966: Robert S. Mulliken
- 1967: Manfred Eigen / Ronald Norrish / George Porter
- 1968: Lars Onsager
- 1969: Derek Barton / Odd Hassel
- 1970: Luis Federico Leloir
- 1971: Gerhard Herzberg
- 1972: Christian B. Anfinsen / Stanford Moore / William Stein
- 1973: Ernst Otto Fischer / Geoffrey Wilkinson
- 1974: Paul Flory
- 1975: John Cornforth / Vladimir Prelog
- 1976: William Lipscomb
- 1977: Ilya Prigogine
- 1978: Peter D. Mitchell
- 1979: Herbert C. Brown / Georg Wittig
- 1980: Paul Berg / Walter Gilbert / Frederick Sanger
- 1981: Kenichi Fukui / Roald Hoffmann
- 1982: Aaron Klug
- 1983: Henry Taube
- 1984: Robert Merrifield
- 1985: Herbert A. Hauptman / Jerome Karle
- 1986: Dudley R. Herschbach / Yuan T. Lee / John Polanyi
- 1987: Donald J. Cram / Jean-Marie Lehn / Charles J. Pedersen
- 1988: Johann Deisenhofer / Robert Huber / Hartmut Michel
- 1989: Sidney Altman / Thomas Cech
- 1990: Elias Corey
- 1991: Richard R. Ernst
- 1992: Rudolph A. Marcus
- 1993: Kary Mullis / Michael Smith
- 1994: George Olah
- 1995: Paul J. Crutzen / Mario Molina / F. Sherwood Rowland
- 1996: Robert Curl / Harold Kroto / Richard Smalley
- 1997: Paul D. Boyer / John E. Walker / Jens Christian Skou
- 1998: Walter Kohn / John Pople
- 1999: Ahmed Zewail
- 2000: Alan J. Heeger / Alan MacDiarmid / Hideki Shirakawa
- 2001: William Knowles / Ryoji Noyori / K. Barry Sharpless
- 2002: John B. Fenn / Koichi Tanaka / Kurt Wüthrich
- 2003: Peter Agre / Roderick MacKinnon
- 2004: Aaron Ciechanover / Avram Hershko / Irwin Rose
- 2005: Robert H. Grubbs / Richard R. Schrock / Yves Chauvin
- 2006: Roger D. Kornberg
- 2007: Gerhard Ertl
- 2008: Osamu Shimomura / Martin Chalfie / Roger Y. Tsien
- 2009: Venkatraman Ramakrishnan / Thomas A. Steitz / Ada E. Yonath
- 2010: Richard F. Heck / Akira Suzuki / Ei-ichi Negishi
- 2011: Dan Shechtman
- 2012: Robert Lefkowitz / Brian Kobilka
- 2013: Martin Karplus / Michael Levitt / Arieh Warshel
- 2014: Eric Betzig / Stefan Hell / William E. Moerner
- 2015: Tomas Lindahl / Paul L. Modrich / Aziz Sancar
- 2016: Jean-Pierre Sauvage / Fraser Stoddart / Ben Feringa
- 2017: Jacques Dubochet / Joachim Frank / Richard Henderson
- 2018: Frances Arnold / Gregory Winter / George Smith
- 2019: John B. Goodenough / M. Stanley Whittingham / Akira Yoshino
- 2020: Emmanuelle Charpentier / Jennifer Doudna
- 2021: David MacMillan / Benjamin List
- 2022: Carolyn R. Bertozzi / Morten P. Meldal / Karl Barry Sharpless
- 2023: Moungi G. Bawendi / Louis E. Brus / Alexei I. Ekimov