Steroid hydroxylase

A steroid hydroxylase is a class of hydroxylase enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of steroids.^[1]^[2]

Additional images

^ Waterman, M. R.; Simpson, E. R. (2022-02-07), Chapter 3. Mechanisms of Regulation of Steroid Hydroxylase Gene Expression, De Gruyter, pp. 101–152, doi:10.1515/9783112563281-004, ISBN 978-3-11-256328-1, retrieved 2023-03-17
^ Waterman, MICHAEL R.; Simpson, EVAN R. (1989-01-01), Clark, JAMES H. (ed.), "Regulation of Steroid Hydroxylase Gene Expression Is Multifactorial in Nature", Proceedings of the 1988 Laurentian Hormone Conference, Recent Progress in Hormone Research, vol. 45, Boston: Academic Press, pp. 533–566, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-571145-6.50016-9, ISBN 978-0-12-571145-6, PMID 2554434, retrieved 2023-03-17

Steroid+hydroxylases at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Metabolism: lipid metabolism – ketones/cholesterol synthesis enzymes/steroid metabolism

Mevalonate pathway

To HMG-CoA	Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase HMG-CoA synthase (regulated step)
Ketogenesis	HMG-CoA lyase 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase Thiophorase
To Mevalonic acid	HMG-CoA reductase
To DMAPP	Mevalonate kinase Phosphomevalonate kinase Pyrophosphomevalonate decarboxylase Isopentenyl-diphosphate delta isomerase
Geranyl-	Dimethylallyltranstransferase Geranyl pyrophosphate

To lanosterol	Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase Squalene monooxygenase Lanosterol synthase
7-Dehydrocholesterol path	Lanosterol 14α-demethylase Sterol-C5-desaturase-like 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase
Desmosterol path	24-Dehydrocholesterol reductase

To androgens	17α-Hydroxylase 17,20-Lyase 3β-HSD 17β-HSD 5α-Reductase 1 2
To estrogens	Aromatase 17β-HSD

Other/ungrouped

v t e Oxidoreductases: dioxygenases, including steroid hydroxylases (EC 1.14)
1.14.11: 2-oxoglutarate	Prolyl hydroxylase HIF prolyl-hydroxylase EGLN1 EGLN2 EGLN3 P4HTM Lysyl hydroxylase AlkB ALKBH1 FTO
1.14.13: NADH or NADPH	Flavin-containing monooxygenase FMO1 FMO2 FMO3 FMO4 FMO5 Nitric oxide synthase NOS1 NOS2 NOS3 Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase Methane monooxygenase 3A4 14α-demethylase 24-hydroxycholesterol 7α-hydroxylase
1.14.14: reduced flavin or flavoprotein	19A1 2D6 2E1
1.14.15: reduced iron–sulfur protein	11B1 11B2 11A1
1.14.16: reduced pteridine (BH4 dependent)	Phenylalanine hydroxylase Tyrosine hydroxylase Tryptophan hydroxylase
1.14.17: reduced ascorbate	Dopamine beta-hydroxylase
1.14.18-19: other	Tyrosinase Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1
1.14.99 - miscellaneous	Cyclooxygenase Heme oxygenase (HMOX1) Squalene monooxygenase 17A1 21A2 Ecdysone 20-monooxygenase Deoxyhypusine monooxygenase

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)