Sub-bituminous coal
Sub-bituminous coal is a lower grade of coal that contains 35–45% carbon. The properties of this type are between those of lignite, the lowest grade of coal, and those of bituminous coal, the second-highest grade of coal.[1] Sub-bituminous coal is primarily used as a fuel for steam-electric power generation.
Properties
Sub-bituminous coals may be dull, dark brown to black, soft and crumbly at the lower end of the range, to bright jet-black, hard, and relatively strong at the upper end. They contain 15-30% inherent moisture by weight and are non-coking (undergo little swelling upon heating).[2] The heat content of sub-bituminous coals range from 8300 to 11,500 BTu/lb or 19.3 to 26.7 MJ/kg. Their relatively low density and high water content renders some types of sub-bituminous coals susceptible to spontaneous combustion if not packed densely during storage in order to exclude free air flow.
Reserves
A major source of sub-bituminous coal in the United States is the Powder River Basin in Wyoming.
Application
Sub-bituminous coals, in the United States, typically have a sulfur content less than 1% by weight, which makes them an attractive choice for power plants to reduce SO2 emissions under the Acid Rain Program.
Sub-bituminous coals release large quantities of greenhouse gases when burned, compared to higher grades of coal.[3]
See also
- Types of Coal
- Greenhouse gas emissions#Carbon dioxide (CO2)
- Anthracite
- Bituminous coal
- Lignite
- Coal mining
- Coal mining in the United States
- Coal-fired power station
References
- ^ "Coal explained". Energy Information Administration. Retrieved 2020-09-26.
- ^ The Babcock & Wilcox Company (2005). Steam: its generation and use. The Babcock & Wilcox Company. pp. 36–5. ISBN 0-9634570-1-2.
- ^ Bond, Jordan (14 July 2021). "NZ imported more than a million tonnes of 'dirty' coal last year". RNZ. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
- v
- t
- e
(lowest to highest)
- Xylit
- Peat1
- Lignite
- Sub-bituminous coal
- Bituminous coal
- Anthracite
- Graphite1
- Asian brown cloud
- Asthma
- Black coal equivalent
- Char
- Charcoal
- Coal combustion products
- Coal-fired power station
- Coal gas
- Coal phase-out
- Coal pollution mitigation
- Coal power in China
- Coal power in the United States
- Coal preparation plant
- Coal-seam fire
- Coal tar
- Coke
- Coking
- Energy value
- Flue gas
- Fly ash
- Fossil fuel
- Fossil fuel phase-out
- Great Smog of London
- Greenhouse gas emissions
- Metallurgical coal
- NOx
- Smog
- Sulfur dioxide
- Toxic heavy metals
- Blackdamp
- Black lung disease
- Coal dust
- Coalfields
- Coal gas
- Coal homogenization
- Coal liquefaction
- Coal mining disasters in the United States
- Coal-mining region
- Coal refuse
- Coal slurry
- Coal town
- Environmental issues in Appalachia
- Environmental justice and coal mining in Appalachia
- Health and environmental impact of the coal industry
- Health effects of coal ash
- History
- Mining regions
- Outburst
- Peak coal
- Problems in coal mining
- Refined coal
- Whitedamp