Sunan Ampel

One of nine Islamic saints in Java

Maulana Malik Ibrahim (father)

Sunan Ampel (born Raden Ahmad Rahmatullah or Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah; 1401–1481)^[1] was one of the Javanese nine revered saints Wali Songo, credited for the spread of Islam in Java. According to local history around Demak the mosque of Demak Masjid Agung Demak was built by Sunan Ampel in 1479 CE,^[2] but other sources credited the construction of the mosque to Sunan Kalijaga.

Genealogy

The father of Sunan Ampel was Maulana Malik Ibrahim also known as Ibrahim as-Samarkandy ("Ibrahim Asmarakandi" to Javanese pronunciation). His mother was a princess of the Champa Kingdom. Sunan Ampel was born in Champa, in present-day central Vietnam, in 1401 CE. Sunan Ampel came to Java in 1443 CE, possibly to visit his aunt Dwarawati, a princess of Champa who was married to Kertawijaya, the king of Majapahit.^[3]

A long lineage^[4] indicates that Sunan Ampel was a descendant of Muhammad, a Prophet in the Islamic religion who was born in Mecca. However, another theory claims that Sunan Ampel had Chinese ancestry and identifies him as Bong Swi Hoo.^[5] The two theories are not mutually exclusive, because Muslims from China interacted extensively with Southeast Asia during the time of Zheng He. It was also common for a Muslim man to marry a local woman when settling far from his country of origin.

Sunan Ampel married Nyi Gede Manila, the daughter of a Chinese captain at Tuban named Gan Eng Cu. This marriage produced several children: sons Sunan Bonang and Sunan Drajat became wali songo; daughter Syarifah became the wife of Sunan Ngudung and the mother of Sunan Kudus;^[6] and another daughter became the first wife of Raden Patah and mother to Trenggana, who succeeded his father as leader of the Sultanate of Demak.^[7] Some sources suggest that Raden Patah was the cousin^[8] of Sunan Ampel.

Sunan Ampel died in Demak in 1481 CE but is buried in Ampel Mosque.

Activities

Teacher of Sunan Giri^[9] and Raden Patah.^[10]

Notes

^ Sejarah Indonesia: Wali Songo
^ id:Sunan Ampel
^ id:Sunan Ampel
^ id:Sunan Ampel
^ Muljana, Prof. Dr. Slamet (2005). RUNTUHNYA KERAJAAN HINDU-JAWA DAN TIMBULNYA NEGARA-NEGARA ISLAM DI NUSANTARA. Yogyakarta: LKiS. pp. 86–101. ISBN 979-8451-16-3.
^ id:Sunan Kudus
^ id:Raden Patah
^ Wali Songo: The Nine Walis
^ "Universitas Kristen Petra".
^ id:Raden Patah

Sunyoto, Agus (2014). Atlas Wali Songo: Buku Pertama yang Mengungkap Wali Songo Sebagai Fakta Sejarah. 6th edition. Depok: Pustaka IIMaN. ISBN 978-602-8648-09-7

Islam in Indonesia

Branches

Shia Islam
Ahmadiyya
Kejawèn
Old divisions
- Abangan
- Priyayi
- Santri

Major figures

Classic era	Hamzah Fansuri Yusuf al-Makassari Malikussaleh Ismail al-Khalidi al-Minangkabawi Abdullah al-Misri Padri Tuanku Imam Bonjol Tuanku Rao Tuanku Tambusai Wali Sanga Sunan Ampel Sunan Bonang Sunan Drajat Sunan Giri Sunan Gunung Jati Maulana Malik Ibrahim Sunan Kalijaga Sunan Kudus Sunan Murya Abdurrauf Singkil Ali Mughayat Syah Tuanku Nan Tuo Burhanuddin Ulakan Usman bin Yahya
National Awakening era	Abdullah Ahmad Abdul Karim Amrullah Hasyim Asy'ari Ahmad Dahlan Tahir bin Jalaluddin Muhammad Jamil Jambek Mas Mansoer Ahmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi Haji Misbach Sulaiman ar-Rasuli Mohammad Roem Rasuna Said Agus Salim Tjokroaminoto
Post- independence	Mukti Ali Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah Ahmad Syafi'i Maarif Azyumardi Azra Abu Bakar Bashir Idham Chalid Djohan Effendi Abdullah Gymnastiar Wahid Hasyim Kartosoewirjo Nurcholish Madjid Zainuddin M.Z. Harun Nasution Mohammad Natsir Amien Rais Muhammad Rizieq Shihab Quraish Shihab Ma'ruf Amin Said Aqil Siradj Abdul Somad Din Syamsuddin Abdurrahman Wahid Muhammad Luthfi bin Yahya Ahmad Muhtadi Dimyathi Muammar Z.A. Jalaluddin Rakhmat Sheikh Ali Jaber

Organizations

Civil society	Alkhairaat Campus Dakwah Institute Hidayatullah Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia Indonesian Association of Muslim Intellectuals Indonesia Institute of Islamic Dawah Indonesian Islamic Dawah Council Indonesian Mujahedeen Council Indonesian Ulema Council Al-Irshad Al-Islamiya Islamic Defenders Front Liberal Islam Network Majelis Rasulullah Muhammadiyah Aisyiyah Muslim Students' Association Nahdlatul Ulama GP Ansor JATMAN Nahdlatul Wathan PERSIS PERTI Rabithah Alawiyah Sarekat Islam Sumatera Thawalib Wahdah Islamiyah
Political parties	Crescent Star Party Indonesian Nahdlatul Community Party Masyumi Party National Awakening Party National Mandate Party Prosperous Justice Party Ummah Party United Development Party
Militia	Banser Darul Islam Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid Jamaah Islamiyah Laskar Jihad Mujahidin Indonesia Timur

History

Pre- independence	Spread of Islam in Indonesia Ottoman embassy to Aceh Wali Sanga Islamic States in Indonesia Aceh Sultanate Demak Sultanate Kingdom of Kaimana Gowa Sultanate Malacca Sultanate Mataram Sultanate Samudera Pasai Sultanate Solor Watan Lema Confederation Ternate Sultanate Tidore Sultanate Yogyakarta Sultanate Padri War
Post- independence	Jakarta Charter Petition of Fifty Tanjung Priok massacre Talangsari incident Insurgency in Aceh Maluku sectarian conflict Poso riots Fatwa on Religious Pluralism, Liberalism, and Secularism Operation Tinombala / Madago Raya November 2016 / December 2016 / February 2017 Jakarta protests