Syed Nazrul Islam

Minister of Industries of BangladeshIn office
13 January 1972 – 26 January 1975Prime MinisterSheikh Mujibur RahmanPreceded byPosition establishedSucceeded byAbul Hasnat Muhammad QamaruzzamanVice President of BangladeshIn office
17 April 1971 – 12 January 1972PresidentSheikh Mujibur RahmanPrime MinisterTajuddin AhmadPreceded byPosition establishedIn office
25 January 1975 – 15 August 1975PresidentSheikh Mujibur RahmanPrime MinisterMuhammad Mansur AliSucceeded byPosition abolished (Abdus Sattar in 1977)President of Provisional Government of BangladeshIn office
17 April 1971 – 12 January 1972Prime MinisterTajuddin AhmadPreceded byPosition establishedSucceeded byPosition abolished Personal detailsBorn18 February 1925
Kishoreganj, Bengal, British IndiaDied3 November 1975(1975-11-03) (aged 50)
Dhaka Central Jail, Dhaka, BangladeshPolitical partyBangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League (1975)Other political
affiliationsAll-India Muslim League (Before 1949)
Awami League (1949–1975)Children6 Including Shafayet, Zakia & AshrafulAlma materUniversity of Dhaka

Syed Nazrul Islam (Bengali: সৈয়দ নজরুল ইসলাম, romanized: Soiyod Nozrul Islam; 1925 – 3 November 1975) was a Bangladeshi politician and a senior leader of the Awami League. During the Bangladesh Liberation War, he was declared as the Vice President of Bangladesh by the Provisional Government. He served as the Acting President in the absence of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.^[1]

Early life

Syed Nazrul Islam was born in 1925, into a Bengali Muslim family of Syeds in the village of Bir Dampara, Jashodal Union in Kishoreganj (then Mymensingh District) of the Bengal Presidency.^[2] He obtained degrees in history and law from the University of Dhaka and was an active student political leader in the Muslim League. Syed captained his college's cricket and hockey teams and participated in the Pakistan movement. He entered the civil service of Pakistan in 1949 but resigned in 1951 to work as a professor of history at the Anandmohan College in Mymensingh, where he also practised law.^[3]

Political career

Nazrul Islam's political career began when he joined the Awami Muslim League and participated in the Language Movement in 1952, for which he was arrested by Pakistani police. He would rise to various provincial and central party leadership positions, becoming a close confidante of the party's leader Sheikh Mujib. He was jailed during the Six Point Demand movement.^[4] He was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan in 1970, where he served briefly as deputy leader of the majority. Following the arrest of Mujib on 25 March 1971 by Pakistani forces, Syed escaped to Mujibnagar with other party leaders and proclaimed the independence of Bangladesh.^[5] Mujib was elected president of Bangladesh but Syed would serve as acting president, with Tajuddin Ahmed as prime minister. Syed played a key role in leading the nationalist cause, co-ordinating the Mukti Bahini guerrilla force and winning support from India and other nations.^[3]

After the independence of Bangladesh, Syed was appointed minister of industries, the deputy leader in parliament and a member of the constitution committee. When Mujib banned other political parties and assumed sweeping powers as president in 1975, Syed was appointed vice-chairman of the BAKSAL, the renamed Awami League.^[3]

Personal life

Nazrul Islam married Syeda Nafisa Islam and had 4 sons and 2 daughters. His four sons were Freedom Fighter Sayed Ashraful Islam,Freedom Fighter Syed Manzurul Islam Manju, Syed Shariful Islam and Syed Shafayetul Islam, and his two daughters were Syeda Zakia Noor Lipi MP and Syeda Rafia Noor. Syed Nazrul Islam also had a younger brother, who was a Freedom Fighter, the late Syed Wahidul Islam, and he had three nephews and five nieces. His three nephews were Syed Tariqul Islam, Syed Ashfaqul Islam, and Syed Affaqul Islam. His five nieces were Syeda Nasima Islam, Laila Morshed Supa, Syeda Nazma Sheema, Syeda Farhana Islam, and Syeda Munalisa Islam.

Death

Following the assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman on 15 August 1975 Syed fled underground with other Mujib loyalists such as Tajuddin Ahmad, A. H. M. Qamaruzzaman and Muhammad Mansur Ali, but was ultimately arrested by the regime of the new president Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad. The four leaders were imprisoned in the Dhaka Central Jail and assassinated on 3 November under controversial and mysterious circumstances known as the Jail Killing. This day is commemorated every year in Bangladesh Jail Killing Day.^[6] Captain (relieved) Kismat Hashem was sentenced to life in prison for the killings. He died due to cardiac arrest in Canada.^[7]

Legacy

Government-run Shahid Syed Nazrul Islam Medical College in Kishoreganj is named in his memory.^[8] Sayed Ashraful Islam is son of Sayed Nazrul Islam.^[9]

References

Political offices
Preceded by Mujibur Rahman	President of Bangladesh Acting 1971–1972	Succeeded by Abu Sayeed Chowdhury
Preceded by none	Vice President of Bangladesh 1971–1972	Succeeded by Abdus Sattar