Theognostus of Kiev

Theognostus of Kiev
Metropolitan of Kiev and All Rus
Metropolitans Photius, Theognostus and Cyprian
ChurchRussian Orthodox Church
SeeMoscow
Installed1328
Term ended1353
PredecessorPeter, Metropolitan of Kiev
SuccessorAlexius, Metropolitan of Kiev

Theognostus (Russian: Феогност, Feognost; died 11 March 1353) was a bishop of the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople who served as Metropolitan of Kiev and all Rus'.

Life

Theognostus was born in Constantinople and later in his life became Peter's successor as Metropolitan of Kiev and all Rus'. He chose Moscow as his primary seat after he had lived for several years in Volodymyr in Volynia.[1]

It was his lot to reconcile Novgorod with the Grand Duchy of Moscow in times of their mutual animosity. Theognostus managed to save all of the Russian churches' valuables and gave up all his personal property after he had refused to collect tribute from the churches in favor of the Golden Horde. He was tortured by the Tatars for such audacity. It was the Khan who finally gave up and confirmed the existing privileges of the Russian Orthodox Church. After a fire swept through Moscow, Theognostus started to restore the churches.

In 1353, feeling that his days were numbered, Theognostus recommended Alexius (Bishop of Vladimir) his successor. Theognostus was buried in the Cathedral of the Dormition in Moscow. He was canonized by the Russian Orthodox Church in the 19th century.

References

  1. ^ Meyendorff, John (1989). Byzantium and the Rise of Russia: a Study of Byzantino-Russian Relations in the Fourteenth Century. St Vladimir's Seminary Press. p. 84. ISBN 0-88141-079-9.
Eastern Orthodox Church titles
Preceded by Metropolitan of Kiev and all Rus'
(Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople)

1328–1353
Succeeded by
Alexius (seat in Moscow)
Theodorite (seat in Kiev)
  • v
  • t
  • e
Metropolitans of Kiev and all Rus' in the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
Metropolis of Kiev and all Rus'
(988–1281)
  • (Michael and Leontius)
  • Theophylact
  • John
  • Teopempt
  • (Hilarion)u
  • Ephraim
  • George (1069–1073)
  • John II
  • John III
  • Nicholas
  • Nikephoros
  • Nikita
  • Michael II
  • (Clyment)u
  • Costantine
  • Teodor
  • John IV
  • Costantine II
  • John V
  • Nikephoros II
  • Matthew
  • Сyril
  • Joseph
  • (Peter)u
  • Kirill II (1250–1281)
  • sede vacante (1281–1283)
Partition of the metropolis
(1283–1378)
Metropolis of Kiev and all Rus'
(episcopal seat in Moscow)
  • Maximus (1283–1305)
  • Peter (1305–1326) (as Metropolitan of the reunited Kiev and all Rus')
  • Theognostus (1328–1353)
  • Alexius (1354–1378)
  • Cyprian (2 December 1375–12 February 1378) (As "Metropolitan of Kiev, Russia and Lithuania")
  • Pimenu
  • Dionysiusu
Metropolis of Halych
  • Niphont (1303–1305)
  • sede vacante (1305–1326)
  • Gabriel (1326–1329)
  • Theodore (1337–1347)
  • Antoniy (1370–1391) (Metropolitan of those Halych eparchies within Poland)
Metropolis of Lithuania
Metropolis of Lithuania-Volhynia
  • Roman (1355–1362) (merged metropolises of Lithuania and Halych)
  • Administered by Alexius (1362–1378)
  • Metropolis disestablished. Territory reunited to the Metropolis of Kiev and all Rus'
  • Gregory Tsamblak (1414–1420 in pretense)u
Reunited Metropolis
(1378–1441)
  • Cyprian (restored 12 February 1378–1406)
  • Photius (1408–1431)
  • Gerasimus (1431–1437)
  • Isidore (1437–1441) Later, as the uniate Metropolitan (1441–1458)b
Parallel successions
(1441–1596)
Metropolis of Kiev, Galicia and all Rus'
(1441 - 1596)
(Recognised by Constantinople)
  • Gregoryb (1458–1473)
  • Spyridon (1476–1482)
  • Simeon (1481–1488)
  • Jonah (1488–1494)
  • Macarius
  • Joseph
  • Jonah II
  • Joseph II
  • Joseph III
  • Macarius II
  • Sylvester
  • Jonah III
  • Elias
  • Onesiphorus
  • Michaelb (1588–1596)
Metropolis of Moscow and all Russia
(Not recognised by Constantinople)
Parallel successions
(1596–1805)
Metropolis of Kiev, Galicia and all Ruthenia
(Ruthenian Uniate Church)
(In communion with the Holy See)
Metropolis of Kiev, Galicia and all Rus'
(1620–1686)
(Recognised as an exarchate by Constantinople)
Metropolis today
c Recognised by Rome alone; b Recognised by both Rome and Constantinople; u Not recognised by Constantinople