Timeline of Antwerp

The following is a timeline of the history of the municipality of Antwerp, Belgium.

Prior to 13th century

• from abt. 150 – abt. 250-270: Gallo-Roman settlement in the centre of Antwerp (at "Willem Ogierplaats").^[1][2][3]
• abt 700: Oldest mention of the name Andoverpis in a written source : the Vita Eligii dated early 8th century (abt. 700).^[4]
• 739: death of Saint Willibrord, bishop.^[5]
• 978: Treaty of Margut-sur-Chiers, between France and German empire, the river Scheldt is recognised as the border between Neustria and Lotharingia^[6]
• 980 – the German Emperor Otto II awarded Antwerp a margraviate, and build a fortification on the wharf (de burg) with a ditch the "burchtgracht"
• 1100 The Roya is a small natural river that runs outside the "Burchtgracht"
• 1104 The fortification of the "Burcht" is reinforced by Emperor Hendrik IV. The wall's height in increased from 5 metres (16 ft) to 12 metres (39 ft) its thickness from 1.35 metres (4.4 ft) to 2 metres (6.6 ft)
• 1109: Antwerp starts making city canals the "ruienstelsel" From the Koolvliet in the north via, Holenrui, Minderbroedersrui to Suikerrui and Botervliet in the south

13th–15th centuries

• 1250 – Construction of the second Vleeshuis, city butchery and Guildhouse of the butchers^[7]
• 1406 – City becomes part of the Duchy of Brabant.
• 1442 – Guild of Saint Luke granted privileges.
• 1477 – Quaeye Werelt revolt
• 1478
  • Joyous Entry of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor into the city.
  • Violieren chamber of rhetoric founded.^[8]
• 1481 – Matt. Van der Goes sets up printing press.^[9]
• 1491 – One of the world's "first" illustrated advertisements printed in Antwerp.^[10]

16th century

Part of a series on the
History of Belgium
Prehistory Neolithic flint mines of Spiennes 4300–2200 BC
Ancient Belgae, Eburones & Treveri ~51 BC Gallic Wars 58–50 BC  • Ambiorix's revolt 54–53 BC Roman rule 51 BC–c.500 AD
Early Middle Ages Franks   Merovingians 481–751 Carolingians 751–987 Prince-Bishopric of Liège 980–1789
Middle Ages Franco-Flemish War 1297–1305 Burgundian rule 1384–1482  • Wars of Liège 1465–68 Habsburg rule 1482–1556
Early Modern Northern Renaissance 15th–16th century Spanish rule 1556–1714  • Seventeen Provinces 1549–81  • Dutch Revolt 1568–1648  • Southern Netherlands Austrian rule 1714–93  • Brabant Revolution 1789–90  • Liège Revolution 1789–91 French rule 1793–1815
19th century Dutch rule 1815–30 Belgian Revolution 1830–31 Reign of Leopold I 1831–65  • Treaty of London 1839 Reign of Leopold II 1865–1909  • School War 1879–84  • Congo Free State 1885–1908
20th and 21st centuries Belgian Congo 1908–60 Reign of Albert I 1909–34 World War I 1914–18  • Invasion 1914  • Atrocities 1914  • German occupation 1914–18 Ruanda-Urundi 1922–62 Reign of Leopold III 1934–51 World War II 1940–45  • Invasion 1940  • German occupation 1940–44  • Holocaust 1941–44 Royal Question 1944–50 Reign of Baudouin 1951–93 Reign of Albert II 1993–2013 Reign of Philippe 2013~
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v t e

• 1503 – Construction of the third Vleeshuis, current building, city butchery and guildhouse of the butchers .^[11]
• 1513 – Guild Hall of the Archers built.^[12]
• 1515 – Joyous Entry of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor into the city.
• 1518 – Notre Dame Cathedral built.^[13]
• 1520 – Het Steen fortress rebuilt.
• 1523 – Church of St. Andrew built.^[12]
• 1528 – Merten de Keyser (printer) in business (approximate date).^[14]
• 1531 – Opening of the Bourse of Antwerp, the first purpose-built exchange.^[12]
• 1533 – Lancelot II of Ursel saves the Cathedral from total ruin.
• 1543 – Music publisher Susato in business.^[15]
• 1549 – Philip II of Spain visits city.^[16]
• 1552 – Girls' orphanage built.^[12]
• 1555 – Christophe Plantin (printer) in business.^[17]
• 1560s – Antwerp Citadel built.^[18]
• 1565 – City Hall built.^[12]
• 1566 – August: Protestant Reformation riots.^{[citation needed]}
• 1567 – 13 March: Battle of Oosterweel occurs near city.
• 1568
  • Anthony van Stralen, Lord of Merksem, former mayor is executed..
  • Maison Hanseatique built.^[12]
  • Population: 125,000.^[12]
• 1570 – Theatrum Orbis Terrarum atlas published.
• 1571 – Church of St. Paul built.^[12]
• 1572 – Antwerp Citadel completed.
• 1576 – 4 November: during the Sack of Antwerp, John III van de Werve, Lord of Hovorst gets killed by the Spanish forces.^[12]
• 1577 – Antwerp Citadel partially dismantled.
• 1579
  • City joins Union of Utrecht.
  • Hall of the Coopers built.^[12]
• 1583 – 17 January: François, Duke of Anjou tries to take city.
• 1584 – July: Siege of Antwerp begins.
• 1585

  

  • August: Siege of Antwerp ends; Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma in power.^[12]
  • Population: 85,000.^[12]
• 1589
  • Church of the Capuchins built.
  • Population: 55,000.^[12]
• 1593 – Hieronymus Verdussen (printer) in business (approximate date).
• 1594 – Joyous Entry of Archduke Ernest of Austria into the city.
• 1599 – Isabella and Albert (Habsburg Netherlands sovereigns) make their Joyous Entry into the city.^[19]

17th–18th centuries

• 1603 – Nicolaas II Rockox builds the Rockox House.
• 1609 – Twelve Years' Truce signed.

  

• 1615 – Church of Augustinians built.^[12]
• 1621 – Carolus Borromeuskerk built.^[12]
• 1635 – Joyous Entry of Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand into the city.^[20]
• 1638 – 20 June: Battle of Kallo.
• 1644 – House of the Tailors rebuilt.^[12]
• 1646 – Hall of the Carpenters rebuilt.^[12]
• 1646 – Siege of Antwerp by Frederick Henry failed.
• 1648
  • River Scheldt closed to navigation per Treaty of Münster.^[13]
  • Joyous Entry of Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria into the city.^[21]
• 1656 – St. James' Church built.^[12]
• 1663 – Royal Academy of Fine Arts founded.
• 1745 – Royal Residence built on the Meir.
• 1746 – Osterrieth House built on the Meir.
• 1750 – Royal Horticultural and Agricultural Society exhibitions begin (approximate date).^[22]
• 1755 – Royal Palace built.^[12]
• 1790 – Population: 40,000.^[12]
• 1795 – City becomes capital of French département Deux-Nèthes.

19th century

• 1802 – Quays built on Schelde River.^[12]
• 1805 – City Library opens in City Hall.^[23]
• 1810 – Royal Museum of Fine Arts founded.
• 1811 – Bonaparte Dock built.
• 1813 – Willem Dock built.
• 1815 – City becomes part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.^[13]
• 1816 – Jewish Community established.
• 1818 – Fortresses built.^[13]
• 1826 – Orangery built in the Botanical Garden.^{[citation needed]}
• 1830
  • Conflict between Belgian insurgents and Dutch forces.^[13]
  • Population: 73,506.^[12]
• 1832 – November–December: City besieged by French forces.^[12]
• 1834
  • Medical Society founded.^[24]
  • Theatre Royal built.^[12]
• 1843 – Zoological Garden founded.^[25]
• 1846 – Population: 88,487.^[13]
• 1848 – Jan Frans Loos becomes mayor.
• 1852 – Wuyts art gallery opens (approximate date).^[26]
• 1853
  • Institut Saint-Ignace [nl] inaugurated.^[27]
  • Church of St. George consecrated.^[12]
• 1859
  • Berchem and Borgerhout become part of city (approximate date).^[13]
  • Old city walls dismantled.^[12]
  • Fortress construction begins.
• 1860 – Kattendijk built.^[13]
• 1864 – Museum of Antiquities opens.^[28]
• 1866 – Cholera epidemic.
• 1867 – School of Music founded.^[29]
• 1870 – Fort Merxem constructed.^[13]
• 1871 – International Geographical Congress held.
• 1872 – Exchange building and Flemish Theatre built.^[12]
• 1873 – Horsecar trams begin operating.
• 1874 – Demolition of Antwerp Citadel begins.^[12]
• 1876 – Royal Geographical Society of Antwerp [nl] founded.^[30]
• 1877 – Plantin-Moretus Museum opens.
• 1879 – Population: 173,600.^[12]
• 1880 – Royal Antwerp Football Club formed.
• 1881 – Antwerp Water Works constructed.
• 1883 – Library building opens.
• 1884 – Royal Atheneum (school) built.^[31]
• 1885
  • Exposition Universelle d'Anvers (world's fair) held.
  • Temperance conference held.^[32]
• 1891 – Gazet van Antwerpen newspaper begins publication.^[33]
• 1892 – Société Anversoise du Commerce au Congo in business.
• 1893
  • Koninklijke Vlaamse Opera [nl] (Flemish Opera) founded.^[34]
  • Hollandse Synagoge built.
• 1894 – Exposition Internationale d'Anvers (world's fair) and Universal Peace Congress^[35] held.
• 1895 – Compagnie Belge Maritime du Congo in business.
• 1896 – National Archives' Antwerp branch founded.^[36]
• 1897 – De Nieuwe Gazet [nl] newspaper begins publication.^[33]
• 1898 – Royal Conservatory established.^[37]

20th century

• 1902 – Electric trams begin operating.
• 1903 – World Gymnastics Championships held.
• 1904 – Museum Mayer van den Bergh built.
• 1905 – Antwerpen-Centraal railway station and "America dock"^[13] open.
• 1906 – Fort Breendonk built.
• 1907 – Eisenmann Synagogue built.
• 1910
  • Population: 361,723.^[13]
  • St. Boniface Church consecrated.
• 1914 – September–October: Siege of Antwerp; German occupation begins.^[38][39]
• 1920
  • 1920 Summer Olympics held.
  • Compagnie Financière Belge des Pétroles headquartered in city.^[40]
  • Colonial school [nl] and Société Belge des Bétons^[41] founded
• 1921 – Schoonselhof cemetery established.
• 1923 – Airport opens.
• 1928 – Antwerpsche Diamantkring established.
• 1930 – Eeuwfeestkliniek (hospital) built.
• 1931 – Antwerp Book Fair begins.
• 1932 – Boerentoren built.
• 1933 – Museum of Flemish Literature founded.
• 1940 – May: German occupation begins.
• 1944
  • 4 September: Liberation by the British 11th Armoured Division.
  • October–November: Battle of the Scheldt.
• 1946 – Rubens House museum opens.
• 1966
  • Sporthal Arena built.
  • Wide White Space Gallery opens.
• 1967 – Antwerp International School established.
• 1968 – De Tijd newspaper begins publication.^[33]
• 1969
  • Jazz Middelheim festival begins.
  • Kennedytunnel opens.
  • Royal Ballet of Flanders established.
• 1970 – Chicagoblok built.
• 1975
  • Antwerp Pre-metro begins operating.
  • International Gemological Institute headquartered in city.
  • Cinderella´s Ballroom opened
• 1977 – 't Fornuis restaurant in business.
• 1981 – Zeno X gallery opens.^[42]
• 1983 – Berchem, Borgerhout, Deurne, Ekeren, Hoboken, Merksem, and Wilrijk become part of the city of Antwerp.^[43]
• 1985 – Museum of Modern Art founded.^{[citation needed]}
• 1989 – Berendrecht Lock constructed.
• 1994
  • Laus Polyphoniae festival begins.
  • Switel Hotel fire
• 1995 – City website launched (Digitale Metropool Antwerpen).^[44]

21st century

• 2003
  • Patrick Janssens becomes mayor.^[45]
  • University of Antwerp established.
• 2004
  • Fotomuseum Antwerp opens.
  • City designated a UNESCO World Book Capital.
• 2006
  • 0110 concert held.
  • FelixArchief (city archives)^[46] and Law Courts building open.
• 2007
  • Antwerp World Diamond Centre established.^[47]
  • Stadsfeestzaal [nl] shopping center opens.^{[citation needed]}
• 2011
  • Museum aan de Stroom opens.
  • Population: 507,007.
• 2013 – Bart De Wever becomes mayor.

See also

• History of Antwerp [nl]
• List of mayors of Antwerp
• List of schools in Antwerp
• List of parks in Antwerp
• List of historical monuments of Antwerp/Historical Center [nl]
• Timelines of other municipalities in Belgium: Bruges, Brussels, Ghent, Leuven, Liège
• History of urban centers in the Low Countries

References

This article incorporates information from the Dutch Wikipedia and the French Wikipedia.

Bibliography

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Antwerp.

• Europeana. Items related to Antwerp, various dates.