Timeline of Mexico City

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Mexico City, Mexico.

Prior to 13th century

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• 1325 – Tenochtitlán founded by Aztecs.^[1]
• 1521 – City captured and sacked by Spanish forces led by Cortés.^[1]
• 1522 - National Palace (Mexico) construction starts.^[1]
• 1524 – México Tenochtitlán municipality established.
• 1526 - Santo Domingo (Mexico City) established. ^[1]
• 1527 – Spanish Royal Audiencia of Mexico established.
• 1537 – Mint built.^[1]
• 1539 - Printer Juan Pablos active.^[2]
• 1543 – Convento Grande de San Francisco painting school established (approximate date).^[3]
• 1551 – Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico founded.^[1]
• 1573 – Mexico City Metropolitan Cathedral construction starts.^[1]
• 1588 – San Ildefonso College founded by Jesuits.
• 1592
  • Consulado established.^[4]
  • Alameda Central park created.
• 1629 – Flood.^[1]
• 1645 – Metropolitan Cathedral consecrated.^[1]
• 1690 – Church of San Bernardo consecrated.
• 1692 – Uprising against Spanish rule.^[1]
• 1720 – Church of La Profesa dedicated.^[5]
• 1736 – Palace of the Inquisition built.
• 1752 – Teatro Principal built.^[5]
• 1766 – House of the Marquis of Uluapa built.
• 1776 – National Pawn Shop opens.^[5]
• 1777 – Sacro y Real Monte Pío de Animas founded.
• 1778
  • Academy of San Carlos founded.^[1]
  • La Enseñanza Church consecrated.
• 1785 – Palace of Iturbide (residence) built.
• 1790 – Population: 112,926.^[6]

18th century

• 1813
  • Mexico City Metropolitan Cathedral construction completed.^[1]
  • School of Mines built.^[6]
• 1824 – Federal District created.
• 1826 - El Iris literary magazine in publication.
• 1831 - El Cocinero Mexicano (cookbook) published.^[7]
• 1833 – National Institute of Geography and Statistics established.^[8]
• 1847
  • August 19–20: Battle of Contreras.
  • September 8–15: Battle for Mexico City.
• 1848 – February 2: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo signed, ending the Mexican–American War.
• 1856 - Flood.^[1]
• 1863
  • French troops occupied Mexico City.^[1][9]
  • La Merced Market buildings constructed.
• 1864 - Maximilian I of Mexico, archduke of Austria, crowned emperor of Mexico.^[1]
• 1865
  • Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico closed.^[1]
  • Drogueria de la Profesa (drugstore) in business.^[10]
• 1866 – National Conservatory of Music founded.
• 1867 - (2ist of June) Porfirio Díaz takes power.^[1]
• 1868 - La Concordia restaurant in business.^[7]
• 1875 – Arbeu Theatre opens.^[5]
• 1887
  • Fabrica Linera (textile mill) established.^[11]
  • Monument to Cuauhtémoc erected.^[12]
• 1888 – Posada printer in business.^[12]
• 1891 – El Palacio de Hierro (shop) in business.^[13]
• 1900
  • Prison built.^[1]
  • Population: 344,721.^[1]

20th century

• 1903 – Mexico City Banking Co. established.^[11]
• 1905 – General Hospital of Mexico opens.^[14]
• 1907 – Post office built.^[1]
• 1909 - (30th & 3ist July) Earthquake.^[1]
• 1910 –
  • El Àngel monument erected on Paseo de la Reforma.
  • National Autonomous University of Mexico founded, in its modern form.
• 1917 – Excélsior newspaper begins publication.^[15]
• 1918 – Teatro Esperanza Iris opens.
• 1919 – Academia Mexicana de la Historia established.
• 1921 – Secretariat of Public Education headquartered in city.
• 1928
  • Federal District of Mexico City divided into 80 boroughs.^{[citation needed]}
  • Teatro Ulises active.
• 1930 – La Aficion newspaper begins publication.^[16]
• 1932 – Teatro Orientación founded.
• 1934 – Palacio de Bellas Artes inaugurated.
• 1937
  • Taller de Gráfica Popular established.^[17]
  • Hotel Majestic opens in the Portal de Mercaderes.
• 1940
  • 21 August: Leon Trotsky assassinated.
  • Palacio Chino (cinema) opens.^[18]
• 1941 – Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation building constructed.
• 1943
  • Colegio Nacional founded.
  • Tepeyac Teatro opens.^[18]
• 1945 – Bimbo Bread in business.^[19]
• 1947 – Servicio de Transportes Eléctricos begins operation.
• 1948 – New Federal District building constructed.
• 1950 - Population: 2,233,709.^[20]
• 1952 – National Auditorium opens.
• 1954 – Ciudad Universitaria campus built in Coyoacán.
• 1957 – July 28: Earthquake.
• 1960 – Cine Latino (cinema) opens.^[18]
• 1962
  • Library of the Congress of Mexico established.
  • El Día newspaper begins publication.^[16]
• 1964 – Museum of the City of Mexico and National Museum of Anthropology inaugurated.
• 1966 - Estadio Azteca (stadium) opens.^[21]
• 1968
  • October 2: Tlatelolco massacre.^[9]
  • October: 1968 Summer Olympics held.
• 1969
  • First line of Mexico City Metro (subway system) opens.
  • Sister city relationship established with Los Angeles, USA.^[22]
• 1971
  • June 10: Corpus Christi massacre.
  • Polyforum Cultural Siqueiros opens.
• 1978
  • Templo Mayor excavated.
  • Mexico City Philharmonic Orchestra founded.^[23]
• 1980
  • Cuestion newspaper begins publication.^[16]
  • El Parnaso bookshop in business.
• 1982
  • Central de Abasto (market) built.
  • National Museum of Art opens.^[24]
• 1985 – September 19: 1985 Mexico City earthquake.
• 1986
  • Franz Mayer Museum opens.
  • 1986 FIFA World Cup Final held at Estadio Azteca.
• 1990 – Population: 8,235,744; metro 15,047,685.^[6]
• 1992 – Supreme Court built.^[17]
• 1993 – Cafebrería el Péndulo bookshop/cafe opens.
• 1995 – World Trade Center Mexico City opens.
• 1997 – Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas elected Head of Government of the Federal District.
• 2000 – Andrés Manuel López Obrador becomes Head of Government of the Federal District.

21st century

• 2001 – Pujol restaurant in business.
• 2003 – Policia de Barrio program established.^[25]
• 2004 – Centro Cultural Universitario Tlatelolco established.
• 2005
  • Mexico City Metrobús begins operating.
  • Alejandro Encinas Rodríguez becomes interim Head of Government of the Federal District, succeeded by reinstated Andrés Manuel López Obrador.
• 2006
  • Marcelo Ebrard is elected Head of Government of the Federal District.
  • Centro Cultural Bella Epoca bookshop opens.
• 2008 – November 4: Plane crash in Las Lomas.
• 2010 – Population: 8,851,080; metro 20,116,842.
• 2012
  • Homeless World Cup football contest held.
  • Mexico City Arena opens.
  • Miguel Ángel Mancera becomes Head of Government of the Federal District.^[26]
• 2013 – January 31: Torre Ejecutiva Pemex explosion
• 2018
  • José Ramón Amieva becomes interim Head of Government of the Federal District
  • Claudia Sheinbaum is elected Head of Government of the Federal District
• 2020 – COVID-19 pandemic
• 2021 – Mexico City Metro overpass collapse

See also

• History of Mexico City
• Index of Mexico-related articles
• Mexico City's boroughs
• List of heads of government of the Mexican Federal District
• Chronology of the Mexican Federal District (in Spanish)
• Tenochtitlan, 1325-1521
• Greater Mexico City

References

This article incorporates information from the Spanish Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

Published before 20th century

• Antonio de Solís; Thomas Townsend (1738). "Description of the City of Mexico". History of the Conquest of Mexico by the Spaniards. Historia de la conquista de Mexico.English.1738. London. hdl:2027/mdp.39015008857297.
• R. H. Bonnycastle (1819). "Metropolis of New Spain". Spanish America. Philadelphia: A. Small. hdl:2027/uc1.b4841339.
• Abraham Rees (1819), "Mexico", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
• Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Mexico", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
• David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Town of Mexico". Edinburgh Encyclopaedia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
• Josiah Conder (1830), "City of Mexico", Mexico and Guatimala, The Modern Traveller, vol. 25, London: J.Duncan
• John Frost [1] (1853), "Mexico", Great Cities of the World in their Glory and in their Desolation, Auburn, New York: Alden, Beardsley & Co. {{citation}}: External link in |author= (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
• Charles Knight, ed. (1866). "Mexico". Geography. English Cyclopaedia. Vol. 3. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064802. Mejico
• Albert S. Evans (1870), "Mexico", Our Sister Republic: a Gala Trip through Tropical Mexico in 1869-70, Hartford, Connecticut: Columbian Book Co.
• William Eleroy Curtis (1888), "Mexico", The Capitals of Spanish America, New York: Harper & Bros.
• Emil Riedel (1892), Practical guide of the city and valley of Mexico, City of Mexico: I. Epstein, OCLC 9712451, OL 19370863M
• Alfred Ronald Conkling (1893), "City of Mexico and Environs", Appletons' Guide to Mexico, New York: D. Appleton & Company
• Archibald Wilberforce, ed. (1893). "Mexico". Capitals of the Globe. NY: Peter Fenelon Collier. hdl:2027/mdp.39015061863513.
• Henry Moore (1894), "Commercial Directory: Mexico City", Railway Guide of the Republic of Mexico, Springfield, Ohio: Huben & Moore, OCLC 22498265
• "City of Mexico", Vamos á México, Chicago: Southern Pacific Company, 1896

Published in 20th century

1900s-1950s

• "Mexico City". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Robert South Barrett (1903), Standard guide to the city of Mexico and vicinity, City of Mexico: Modern Mexico, OL 7093895M
• Mexico: the Magazine Guide. Vol. 1. Mexico City: W.J. de Lamater Company. 1907.
• "Mexico: City of Mexico", United States, with Excursions to Mexico, Cuba, Porto Rico, and Alaska (4th ed.), Leipzig: K. Baedeker, 1909, OCLC 02338437
• Reau Campbell (1909), "City of Mexico", Campbell's New Revised Complete Guide and Descriptive Book of Mexico, Chicago: Rogers & Smith Co., OCLC 1667015
• "History and Description: Special Places: Mexico (City and Valley)". List of Works in the New York Public Library Relating to Mexico. New York Public Library. 1909.
• "Mexico City" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 344–347.
• Harold R. Maxson (1920), A Practical Handbook with Useful Information Regarding Mexico City and Vicinity, Mexico City: American Book & Printing Co., OCLC 8753962, OL 7113864M
• "North America's Oldest Metropolis", National Geographic Magazine, vol. 58, Washington, D.C., 1930 (describes Mexico City)

1960s-1990s

• Frieden, Bernard. The search for housing policy in Mexico City. Town Planning Review. 36 (1965)
• "Mexico, the City That Founded a Nation", National Geographic Magazine, vol. 143, Washington, D.C., 1973
• "Mexico City: An Alarming Giant", National Geographic Magazine, vol. 166, Washington, D.C., 1984
• Lourdes Beneria and Martha Roldan. 1987. The Crossroads of Class and Gender: Industrial Homework, Subcontracting, and Household Dynamics in Mexico City. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
• La Capital: The Biography of Mexico City, Jonathan Kandell. New York: Random House, 1988 ISBN 0-394-540697
• Peter M. Ward (1990). Mexico City: The Production and Reproduction of an Urban Environment. Belhaven Press. ISBN 978-1-85293-041-7.
• José Luis Lezama (1994). "Mexico: Mexico City". In Gerald Michael Greenfield (ed.). Latin American Urbanization: Historical Profiles of Major Cities. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0313259372.
• "Mexico City: Pushing the Limits", National Geographic Magazine, vol. 190, Washington, D.C., 1996 – via Gale
• Diana Davis. Social Construction of Mexico City. Journal of Urban History. 24 (1998), 364-415
• John Fisher (1999), Mexico, Rough Guides (4th ed.), London, p. 267+, OL 24935876M{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Keith Pezzoli (2000). Human Settlements and Planning for Ecological Sustainability: The Case of Mexico City. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-66114-0.

Published in 21st century

• "Mexico City". Understanding Slums: Case Studies for the Global Report 2003. United Nations Human Settlements Programme and University College London. 2003.
• David Marley (2005), "Mexico City", Historic Cities of the Americas, vol. 1, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, pp. 247–266, ISBN 1576070271
• Gustavo G. Garza Merodio (2006). "Technological innovation and the expansion of Mexico City, 1870-1920". Journal of Latin American Geography. 5 (2): 109–126. doi:10.1353/lag.2006.0025. JSTOR 25765142. S2CID 201783423.
• Emily Wakild (2007). "Naturalizing Modernity: Urban Parks, Public Gardens and Drainage Projects in Porfirian Mexico City". Mexican Studies. 23 (1): 101–123. doi:10.1525/msem.2007.23.1.101. JSTOR 10.1525/msem.2007.23.1.101.
• Rubén Gallo [in Spanish], ed. (2009). The Mexico City Reader. Univ of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-19713-1.
• Robert Weis (2009). "Immigrant Entrepreneurs, Bread, and Class Negotiation in Postrevolutionary Mexico City". Mexican Studies. 25: 71–100. doi:10.1525/msem.2009.25.1.71. S2CID 143510225.
• Diane Davis (2010). Urban Leviathan: Mexico City in the Twentieth Century. Temple University Press. ISBN 978-1-4399-0485-5.
• Markus-Michael Müller (2010). "Community Policing in Latin America: Lessons from Mexico City". European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies (88): 21–37. JSTOR 25676405.
• Moises Gonzales (2012). "From Myth to Megacity: Transformation of the Urban Landscape of Mexico City". Traditional Dwellings and Settlements Review. 24 (1): 41. JSTOR 41945785.

In Spanish

• José María Marroquí [in Spanish] (1900). La Ciudad de México (in Spanish). Vol. 1. Tip. y Lit. "La Europea" de J. Aguilar Vera y Ca.
• Artemio de Valle-Arizpe (1939). Historia de la ciudad de México según los relatos de sus cronistas [History of Mexico City according to the accounts of its chroniclers] (in Spanish). México, D.F.: P. Robredo. OCLC 6945299.
• Peter M. Ward (2004). México Megaciudad: Desarrollo y Política, 1970-2002 (in Spanish). Colegio Mexiquense. ISBN 978-970-701-447-3.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mexico, D. F..

• Europeana. Items related to Mexico City, various dates.
• Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Mexico City, various dates
• "Mexico City", American Geographical Society Library Digital Map Collection, USA – via University of Wisconsin, ca.1880-1957