Timeline of Smolensk

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Smolensk, Russia.

Prior to 20th century

Historical affiliations

Kievan Rus' 882–1054
Principality of Smolensk 1054–1387
Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1387–1514
Grand Duchy of Moscow 1514–1547
Tsardom of Russia 1547–1618
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1618–1667
Tsardom of Russia 1667–1721
Russian Empire 1721–1917
Belarusian People's Republic 1918–1919
Soviet Russia 1919–1922
 Soviet Union 1922–1941
 Nazi Germany 1941–1943
 Soviet Union 1943–1991
Russia Russian Federation 1991–present

Part of a series on the
History of Russia
Russia in 1730
Periods
Prehistory  • Antiquity  • Early Slavs
Rus' people pre-9th century
    Rus' Khaganate
    Arthania
    Garðaríki
Novgorod Land 882–1136
Principality of Polotsk 987–1397
Principality of Chernigov 988–1402
Rostov-Suzdal 1093–1157
    full list...
Novgorod Republic 1136–1478
Vladimir-Suzdal 1157–1331
Principality of Moscow 1263–1547
    full list...
Tsardom of Russia 1547–1721
Russian Empire 1721–1917
     Russian America 1799–1867
     Grand Duchy of Finland 1809–1917
     Congress Poland 1867–1915
     Russian Manchuria 1900–1905
     Uryankhay Krai 1914–1921
1917–1923: Russian Revolution
Russian Republic 1917–1918
     General Secretariat of Ukraine 1917–1918
Russian SFSR 1917–1922
     Ukrainian SSR 1919–1922
     Byelorussian SSR 1920–1922
     Transcaucasian SFSR 1922–1922
Russian State 1918–1920
     Provisional Priamurye Govt. 1921–1923
    full list...
1923–1991: Soviet Era
Soviet Union 1922–1991
     Russian SFSR 1922–1991
     Karelo-Finnish SSR1940–1956
        full list...
Tannu Tuva1921–1944
since 1991: Modern Russia
Russian Federation 1991–present
     Republic of Tatarstan 1994–present
     Chechen Republic 2000–present
     Republic of CrimeaA 2014–present
     Donetsk People's RepublicAB 2022–present
     Luhansk People's RepublicAB 2022–present
     Kherson OblastAB 2022–present
     Zaporizhzhia OblastAB 2022–present
        full list...
^A Not internationally recognized.
^B Not fully controlled.
Timeline
860–1721 • 1721–1796 • 1796–1855
1855–1894 • 1894–1917 • 1917–1927
1927–1953 • 1953–1964 • 1964–1982
1982–1991 • 1991–present
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20th century

  • 1901 - Tram begins operating.[7]
  • 1913 - Population: 76,000.[8]
  • 1917 - Labor strikes.[9]
  • 1918 - Smolensk State University established.
  • 1926 - Smolensk Aviation Plant established.
  • 1936 - Zadneprovsky City District, Smolensk [ru] of city established.[citation needed]
  • 1937
    • City becomes part of the Smolensk Oblast.[10]
    • Smolensk Oblast Children's Puppet Theatre [ru] established.
  • 1939 - Smolensk Regional Philharmonic orchestra established.[11]
German troops in Smolensk in 1941
  • 1941
    • July–August: Battle of Smolensk (1941).
    • 20 July: Forced labour camp No. 126 for Zivilarbeiters established by the Germans.[12]
    • July: Dulag 240 transit camp for prisoners of war relocated from Jabłonna to Smolensk.[13]
    • November: Dulag 240 transit camp for POWs relocated from Smolensk to Rzhev.[13]
  • 1942
    • Cinema opens.[7]
    • July: Forced labour camp for Jewish men established by the Germans.[14]
  • 1943
    • August–October: Battle of Smolensk (1943).
    • 25 September: Forced labour camps for Zivilarbeiters and Jews dissolved.[12][14]
  • 1954 - Glinka Festival begins.[15]
  • 1961 - Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Smolensk branch [ru] established.
  • 1963 - Kristall Production Corporation [ru] (diamonds)[1][2] and Smolensk 1100th Anniversary Park [ru] established.
  • 1965
    • Industrial City District, Smolensk [ru] established.[citation needed]
    • Population: 183,000.[16]
  • 1979 - Leninsky City District, Smolensk [ru] established.
  • 1985 - Population: 331,000.[17]
  • 1988 - Smolensk Philharmonic Hall [ru] in use.
  • 1989 - Population: 341,483.
  • 1992 - Football Club Kristall Smolensk formed.
  • 1995 - Tvardovsky statue unveiled in Victory Park, Smolensk [ru].
  • 1998
    • Ivan Averchenkov [ru] becomes mayor.
    • Aleksandr Prokhorov (politician) [ru] becomes governor of Smolensk Oblast.[10]
  • 2000 - City becomes part of the Central Federal District.

21st century

Smolensk air disaster, 2010

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Britannica 1910.
  2. ^ a b c Lawrence N. Langer (2002). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Medieval Russia. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6618-8.
  3. ^ a b Lawrence N. Langer (2002). Historical Dictionary of Medieval Russia. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6618-8.
  4. ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Russia". Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 30 March 2015.
  5. ^ Russia & Belarus. Lonely Planet. 2006. ISBN 978-1-74104-291-7.
  6. ^ "Russianmuseums.info". Russian Cultural Heritage Network [ru]. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
  7. ^ a b c Cohen 2013.
  8. ^ "Russia: Principal Towns: European Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
  9. ^ Hickey 2001.
  10. ^ a b c d "Smolensk Oblast". Territories of the Russian Federation. Europa Territories of the World (13th ed.). Routledge. 2012. p. 78. ISBN 978-1-85743-646-4.
  11. ^ "История" [History] (in Russian). Smolensk: Смоленская областная филармония (Smolensk Regional Philharmonic). Retrieved 30 March 2015.
  12. ^ a b "Zivilarbeitslager "Lager Nr. 126" Smolensk". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  13. ^ a b "German Dulag Camps". Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  14. ^ a b "Zwangsarbeitslager für Juden Smolensk". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  15. ^ Julie Anne Sadie; Stanley Sadie (2005). Calling on the Composer: a Guide to European Composer Houses and Museums. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-10750-0.
  16. ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966.
  17. ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  18. ^ Ellen Carnaghan (2010). Out of Order: Russian Political Values in an Imperfect World. Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 978-0-271-04572-6.

This article incorporates information from the Russian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

  • William Coxe (1784), "Smolensko", Travels into Poland, Russia, Sweden and Denmark, London: T. Cadell, OCLC 654136
  • "Smolensk (town)" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 278.
  • "Smolensk", Russia, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1914, OCLC 1328163
  • William Henry Beable (1919), "Smolensk", Russian Gazetteer and Guide, London: Russian Outlook
  • Merle Fainsod (1958). Smolensk Under Soviet Rule. Harvard University Press. (research utilizing the Smolensk Archive)[3]
  • Michael C. Hickey (2001). "Rise and fall of Smolensk's moderate socialists: the politics of class and rhetoric of crisis in 1917". In Donald J. Raleigh (ed.). Provincial Landscapes: Local Dimensions of Soviet Power, 1917–1953. University of Pittsburgh Press. p. 14+. ISBN 978-0-8229-7061-3.
  • Laurie R. Cohen (2013). Smolensk Under the Nazis: Everyday Life in Occupied Russia. University of Rochester Press. ISBN 978-1-58046-469-7.

External links

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