Tobol

River in Russia, Kazakhstan

51°28′01″N 61°00′29″E / 51.467°N 61.008°E / 51.467; 61.008 • elevation271 m (889 ft) MouthIrtysh

• location

Tobolsk, Russia

• coordinates

58°09′14″N 68°12′55″E / 58.1539°N 68.2153°E / 58.1539; 68.2153

• elevation

32 m (105 ft)Length1,591 km (989 mi)Basin size426,000 km² (164,000 sq mi)Discharge • average805 cubic metres per second (28,400 cu ft/s) Basin featuresProgressionIrtysh→ Ob→ Kara SeaRiver systemOb

The Tobol (Russian: Тобол, Kazakh: Тобыл Tobyl, Siberian Tatar: Тубыл Tubyl) is a river in Western Siberia (in Kazakhstan and Russia) and the main (left) tributary of the Irtysh. Its length is 1,591 km (989 mi), and the area of its drainage basin is 426,000 km² (164,000 sq mi).^[1]

History

The Tobol River was one of the four important rivers of the Siberia Khanate. In 1428 the khan was killed in a battle with the forces of Abu'l-Khayr Khan at the Battle of Tobol.^[2]

In the 16th century, the Tobol was the eastern terminus of the portage route leading westward to the rivers Vishera and Kama.

Cities and towns on the Tobol

Lisakovsk in Kazakhstan
Rudni in Kazakhstan
Kostanay (formerly Nikolaevsk) in Kazakhstan
Kurgan in the Russian Federation
Yalutorovsk in the Russian Federation
Tobolsk in the Russian Federation, where the Tobol joins the Irtysh

Main tributaries

The largest tributaries of the Tobol are, from source to mouth:^[1]

Syntasty (left)
Ayat (left)
Uy (left)
Ubagan (right)
Iset (left)
Tura (left)
Tavda (left)

References

^ ^a ^b "Река Тобол in the State Water Register of Russia". textual.ru (in Russian).
^ Forsyth, James (1992). A History of the Peoples of Siberia: Russia's North Asian Colony, 1581-1990. Cambridge University Press. p. 25. ISBN 0-521-47771-9.