Tobruk Ferry Service
The Tobruk Ferry Service (also known as the Tobruk Ferry Run) was the name given to the force of Royal Navy and Royal Australian Navy ships involved in the supply of Allied forces during the Siege of Tobruk.[1]
History
The aim of the Ferry Service was to keep the besieged Allied forces supplied with ammunition, gun barrels, and medical supplies, while evacuating wounded personnel.[2]
The initial supply runs to Tobruk were performed by the ships of the 10th Destroyer Flotilla (which included the five First World War-era destroyers of the Australian 'Scrap Iron Flotilla') operating independently.[2] A typical run saw a destroyer leave Alexandria early in the morning, after spending the night loading, then sail for Tobruk, where the ship would arrive around midnight.[2] After supplies were unloaded and wounded loaded, the destroyer would sail for Mersa Matruh, where the wounded were exchanged for more supplies.[2] The destroyer would return to Tobruk for a second evening, then head back to Alexandria.[2] The danger of attack by air and sea prompted the admiral at Alexandria, after advice from one of the destroyer captains, to send ships in pairs: they could help protect each other, and if one were disabled or sunk, the second could provide assistance or recover survivors.[2]
Losses
During the operation of the Ferry Service, two destroyers, three sloops, and nineteen smaller vessels were lost.[1] The ships lost included:
- HMAS Waterhen, destroyer[3][4]
- HMS Defender, destroyer
- HMS Auckland, sloop
- HMAS Parramatta, sloop[4]
- HMS Ladybird, gunboat
- HMS Latona, cruiser minelayer
See also
- Alfred Brian Palmer
References
- ^ a b "Encyclopedia - Siege of Tobruk". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 10 April 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f Rhoades, Rodney (31 December 1979). "The Tobruk Run". Naval Historical Society of Australia. Retrieved 10 April 2011.
- ^ Cassells, Vic (2000). The Destroyers: their battles and their badges. East Roseville, NSW: Simon & Schuster. pp. 196–7. ISBN 0731808932. OCLC 46829686.
- ^ a b Frame, Tom (2004). No Pleasure Cruise: the story of the Royal Australian Navy. Crows Nest, NSW: Allen & Unwin. pp. 163–4. ISBN 1741142334. OCLC 55980812.
External links
- Libya- "The Tobruk Ferry Service" at gunplot.net
- v
- t
- e
- British capture of Tobruk (January 1941)
- Siege of Tobruk (April-November 1941)
- Twin Pimples raid ((July 1941)
- Axis capture of Tobruk (June 1942)
- Western Desert campaign
- Operation Compass (December 1940-February 1941)
- Operation Brevity (May 1941)
- Operation Battleaxe (June 1941)
- Operation Crusader (November-December 1941)
Original units:
- 9th Division (Australia) (main unit)
- 7th Division (Australia)
- 3rd Indian Motor Brigade
Replacement units:
- Czechoslovak 11th Infantry Battalion
- Polish Independent Carpathian Rifle Brigade
- 70th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)
- 16th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)
- 4th Royal Tank Regiment
Artillery: (some original units, some replacements)
- 1st Regiment Royal Horse Artillery
- 4th Anti-Aircraft Brigade (United Kingdom)
- 51st (London) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
- 89th (Cinque Ports) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
- 13th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
Outside units:
- Eighth Army (United Kingdom)
- Tobruk Ferry Service
- 132nd Armored Division "Ariete" (Italy)
- 55th Infantry Division "Savona" (Italy)
- 61st Infantry Division "Sirte" (Italy)
- 101st Motorized Division "Trieste" (Italy)
- Afrika Korps (Germany)
- 15th Panzer Division (Wehrmacht)
- 21st Panzer Division (Wehrmacht) Originally 5th Light Division
- 90th Light Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)