Trebišnjica wellsprings group

Location in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Dejanova pećina wellspring

Trebišnjica wellspring-group is a system of two geographically and hydrologically distinct principal groupings of strong karstic springs, Trebišnjica and Čeplica, which together constitute source of the Trebišnjica river. Wellsprings are located just below town of Bileća in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The entire area where founts are situated is submerged under Bilećko Lake since 1967, formed after the construction of Trebinje-1 Hydroelectric Power Station and its large arch dam at Grnčarevo village.^[3]

Springs

The Trebišnjica river emerges under the karstic plateau on which town of Bileća sits. There are two main spring-groups, first in immediate proximity of town itself, and second little more than 3 kilometers downstream at Čepelica village.

Trebišnjica spring-group

The Trebišnjica spring-group at Bileća, at 325 m (1,066 ft) a.s.l.,^[1] is composed of three major wellspring outlets, "Dejanova Pećina", "Vrelo Oko", and "Nikšičko Vrelo".

Čepelica spring-group

Another submerged springs are Čepelica river spring-group ("Čepelica spring-group"), located at Ćepelica village, 3.25 kilometres (2.02 mi) further down the stream from first group, at 324 m (1,063 ft) a.s.l.^[1] The Čepelica river itself was less than 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) long seasonal river, and flowed through valley of "Luke" (literally transl. Bay, Haven, Harbour; figuratively transl. glade(s), meadow(s)) before it meet Trebišnjica at "Mistialj" confluence. The Čepelica spring-group consists of two main karst hydrological features, Wellspring Čepo (Vrelo "Čepo") with three main outlets, and group of smaller estavelles (sinkholes) and springs on the left-bank side of the Čepelica river streambed.

Bileća Lake environmental and ecological impact

Both groups were part of the characteristic Dinaric karst landscape with significant aesthetic value, however entire region surrounding the Trebišnjica headwaters, together with its sources, many villages and productive land is flooded in 1967 by the Bilećko Lake, formed after construction of the Grnčarevo dam, with the primary purpose of serving as an artificial water reservoir for the Trebinje-1 Hydroelectric Power Station turbines.^[3]

See also

• Neretva
• Dinaric Alps
• Karstic wellspring

References

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Springs & karst springs of Bosnia and Herzegovina

List of karst springs in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Flooded

• Vrela Trebišnjice
• Crno Vrelo
• Vrelo Jasle (Jasle creek, Masna Luka, Blidinje)

Karst spring

• Neretva Springs
• Govještica cave spring
• Mokranjska Miljacka wellspring
• Vrelo Bosne‎
• Vrelo Bune
• Duman wellspring
• Peć Mlini wellspring
• Vrela Trebišnjice
• Komadinovo Vrelo (Perutac)
• Mlješćak
• Crno Vrelo
• Lađanica
• Vrelo Ljuta
• Krupac
• Župski Krupac
• Vrelo Krušnice
• Bastaško Vrelo‎
• Vrelo Sane‎
• Vrelo Ribnika‎
• Vrela Plive‎

Spring

• Neretva Springs
• Vrelo Bosne
• Bioštica
• Plava voda

Thermal spring

• Fojnica
• Olovo
• Topla Voda (on the left bank of the Krivaja near Solun (Olovo))

Mineral & thermo-mineral spring

• Kiseljak
• Guber

Vrulja

• Neum

Most Bosnia and Herzegovina springs are karst spring; sea also Dinaric Alps