Two-lane expressway

Expressway or freeway with only one lane in each direction
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The Plimoth Patuxet Highway in Massachusetts is a two-lane divided freeway.

A two-lane expressway or two-lane freeway is an expressway or freeway with only one lane in each direction, and usually no median barrier. It may be built that way because of constraints, or may be intended for expansion once traffic volumes rise. The term super two is often used by roadgeeks for this type of road, but traffic engineers use that term for a high-quality surface road. Most of these roads are not tolled.

A somewhat related concept is a "four-lane undivided freeway". This is much rarer; a current example is U.S. Route 101 in California through Humboldt Redwoods State Park.

In Europe, the concept of express road encompasses roads which are classified between a motorway and an ordinary road. This concept is recognized both by European Union law and under the UNECE treaty. This type of road is not very standardized, and its geometry may vary from country to country or within a same country. These roads are usually, but not always, limited-access roads. Some European union regulation considers the high-quality roads to be roads "which play an important role in long-distance freight and passenger traffic, integrate the main urban and economic centres, interconnect with other transport modes and link mountainous, remote, landlocked and peripheral NUTS 2 regions to central regions of the Union". According to this same regulation "High-quality roads shall be specially designed and built for motor traffic, and shall be either motorways, express roads or conventional strategic roads."

Justification

Two-lane freeways are usually built as a temporary solution due to lack of funds, as an environmental compromise or as a way to overcome problems constrained from highway reconstruction when there are four lanes or more. If the road is widened, the existing road is typically allocated to traffic going in one direction, and the lanes for the other direction are built as a whole new roadbed adjacent to the existing one. When upgraded in this manner, the road becomes a typical freeway. Many two-lane freeways are built so that when the road is upgraded to a proper divided freeway, the existing overpasses and ramps do not need reconstruction.[citation needed]

A super-2 expressway is a high-speed surface road with at-grade intersections, depending on the common usage of the term expressway in the area. By this definition, Super-2s can be considered the first stage of project which is expected to become a full freeway, with the transportation authority owning the land necessary for the future adjacent carriageway. At-grade intersections exist but there is sufficient land to replace them with interchanges. In some US states, a super-2 expressway is simply referred to as a super-2, regardless of whether it is fully controlled-access or not. Highway 410 in Ontario was originally a super-2 before being upgraded to a full freeway. Similarly, most of Highway 102 in Nova Scotia was a super-2 for three decades before being upgraded. Many super-2 expressways are simply just short transitional segments between surface street and four-lane divided freeways.

A super-4 expressway is a multi-lane divided highway with at-grade intersections, although the highway will become a full controlled-access freeway if the intersections are replaced with interchanges. A super-4 may have been a super-2 that has been twinned, although such instances of super-4 intermediaries are rare as super-2s are often upgraded right away to full freeways. Highway 40 in Ontario is a super-4 expressway between Highway 402 and Wellington St., and from Indian Rd to Rokeby Line. The remaining sections of Highway 40 are super-2 expressways. Other super-4 expressways include the Hanlon Parkway in Guelph and Black Creek Drive in Toronto, both which have sufficient right of way to allow for interchanges and overpasses to replace the at-grade crossings.

When a super-2 expressway is converted to a four-lane divided freeway, conversion artifacts such as double yellow lines, or broken yellow lines in passing zones are usually cleanly bestowed in favor of more consistent road marking for four-lane divided expressways.

List of two-lane freeways

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (April 2016)

Argentina

Australia

The Kingston Bypass

Canada

Europe

Finnish national road 6 is a two-lane expressway at Kouvola, Finland.
Two-lane S22 expressway

Japan

Two-lane expressway in Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan

While most expressways in Japan are four-lane divided expressways with median barriers, some expressways in rural areas are two-lane expressways, such as some sections of the Hokkaidō Expressway. The two-lane expressways in Japan are built in the same manner as the ordinary four-lane expressways with grade-separated interchanges and full access control, allowing future conversions to full four-lane divided expressways.[3]

Malaysia

The two-lane expressway section of the South Klang Valley Expressway E26 in Malaysia
The Sungai Johor Bridge and two-lane expressway as be seen from the westbound of Senai–Desaru Expressway in May 2016

The two-lane expressway is not a new concept in Malaysia, as the Kuala Lumpur–Karak Expressway was initially a two-lane toll expressway before being upgraded to a full expressway in 1997.[4] While the full four-lane divided toll expressways are more favored in recent years due to their higher traffic capacity, a few two-lane expressways do exist, such as the Kempas Highway and the North Klang Straits Bypass. These expressways, however, only have partial access control with at-grade intersections commonly available like most other federal and state roads. Nevertheless, these two-lane highways are still classified as "two-lane expressways" as they are maintained by highway concessionaires, namely PLUS Expressways Berhad (Kempas Highway) and Shapadu (North Klang Straits Bypass). Meanwhile, the South Klang Valley Expressway at Teluk Panglima Garang is a two-lane carriageway making it the first true two-lane expressway in Klang Valley and the second in Malaysia.

The first true two-lane expressway with full access control is the section of the Senai–Desaru Expressway between Cahaya Baru and Penawar.[5]

Mexico

New Zealand

Motorways
Expressways

Philippines

The Subic Freeport Expressway before its expansion in 2020.

South Africa

Some sections of two-lane freeway can be found on the N1 and the N2 highways.

United Kingdom

United States

Arizona

A portion of State Route 80 in the vicinity of Bisbee is a two-lane expressway with an interchange at West Boulevard and Tombstone Canyon Road (Historic US 80).[7]

California

Connecticut

Florida

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Missouri

Montana

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New York

North Carolina

Ohio

US 33 in southeast Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Vietnam

Two-lane expressway in Vietnam: Hanoi-Lao Cai Expressway (from Yen Bai City to Lao Cai City)

The section from Yen Bai City to Lao Cai City of the Hanoi-Lao Cai Expressway is two-laned.

The section between Cam Lo and Hoa Lien of the North-South expressway is two-laned.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Kingston Bypass". Department of Infrastructure, Energy and Resources. 2011. Archived from the original on 3 November 2011. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
  2. ^ a b "Channel Highway, Kingston Bypass" (PDF). Government of Tasmania. 2009. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
  3. ^ "NEXCO-Central Business Outline" (PDF). Retrieved 13 April 2008.[permanent dead link]
  4. ^ "Lebuh raya dua lorong Cahaya Baru-Penawar ikut piawai LLM" (in Malay). Berita Harian. 27 June 2011.
  5. ^ "Reviu eksklusif Lebuhraya Senai-Desaru E22" (in Malay). Blog Jalan Raya Malaysia. 23 August 2012. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
  6. ^ "The Lancashire County Council (A601(M) Partial Revocation) Scheme 2019 Confirmation Instrument 2020". legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
  7. ^ Google (August 2022). "Eastbound Arizona SR 80 approaching West Boulevard". Google Street View. Google. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
  8. ^ "California @ AARoads - California 255". www.aaroads.com. Retrieved 24 May 2022.[self-published source]
  9. ^ Challenger Tom (5 July 2020). "California State Route 255 and the Super-Two Freeway on the Samoa Bridge". Gribblenation. Retrieved 24 May 2022.[self-published source]
  10. ^ Google. "Southern terminus of SR 407" (Map). Google Maps. Google.
  11. ^ Google. "At-grade intersection with SR 407" (Map). Google Maps. Google.
  12. ^ Hesterberg, Tanner (16 January 2014). "Gov. Beshear releases plan for extending, four-laning Mountain Parkway". Hazard, KY: WYMT-TV. Archived from the original on 6 January 2015. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  13. ^ Louisiana Hometown (12 December 2011). "LA 1 Expressway Ribbon-Cutting" (Video). Louisiana Hometown. Retrieved 17 December 2015 – via YouTube.
  14. ^ kwlsu225 (29 April 2012). "Hwy1 South.wmv" (Video). kwlsu225. Retrieved 17 December 2015 – via YouTube.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  15. ^ Route 9 Connector Project, Overview & Description | MaineDOT, retrieved 26 September 2023
  16. ^ "I-395-Route 9 Connector Project | MaineDOT". www.maine.gov. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  17. ^ Harlow, Tim (3 June 2016). "Hwy. 12 in Western Hennepin County—the 'Corridor of Death'—to Get Center Divider: MnDOT Will Build the Concrete Median on a Deadly Stretch of Hwy. 12". Star Tribune. Minneapolis. Retrieved 11 September 2016.
  18. ^ "U.S. Route 54 Environmental Impact Study in Ralls, Pike, and Audrain | Missouri Department of Transportation". www.modot.org. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
  19. ^ "Regular City Council Meeting - Jan 9th, 2018". cibolotx.granicus.com. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  20. ^ "CIRC Alternatives Task Force". Chittenden County RPC. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
  21. ^ Bessert, Christopher J. "Highways 20–29". Wisconsin Highways. Retrieved 10 October 2010.[self-published source]
  22. ^ "Segment 4, Fort Atkinson bypass". WIS 26 corridor: Expansion project. Wisconsin Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on 2 April 2012. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
  23. ^ Bessert, Christopher J. "Highways 40–49". Wisconsin Highways.[self-published source]
  24. ^ Google (August 2018). "Korean War Veterans Mem Hwy, Tomahawk, Wisconsin". Google Street View. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
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