Ulmus minor 'Hoersholmiensis'

Elm cultivar

Ulmus minor 'Hoersholmiensis'
'Hoersholmiensis', Amsterdam.
Species	Ulmus minor
Cultivar	'Hoersholmiensis'
Origin	Hørsholm, Denmark

The Field Elm cultivar Ulmus minor 'Hoersholmiensis', Hoersholm elm, originated from seed sown at the Hørsholm Planteskole, Denmark, c. 1885, where it was propagated by the nursery proprietor Lars Nielsen.^[1]^[2] The Späth nursery of Berlin, however, which marketed 'Hoersholmiensis' in the interwar period, considered it a hybrid rather than a form of field elm,^[3] a view shared by Christine Buisman, who in 1931 labelled a herbarium specimen from a Späth-sourced tree in The Hague as a form of Ulmus × hollandica.^[4]

Description

Upright-columnar in habit and rapid in growth when young, the tree becomes more globose with age.^[5] The leaves, 8 – 14 cm long by 3 – 5 cm wide,^[1] are lanceolate or narrowly obovate, acuminate at the tip and with a cuneate base, light green in colour,^[6]^[7] turning a deep yellow (sometimes following a brief orange-red) in autumn.^[8] The samara is heart-shaped, with marginal seed by a markedly open notch.

Mature trees, Spelderslaan, Wassenaar, The Netherlands
'Hoersholmiensis' foliage

Pests and diseases

'Hoersholmiensis' is susceptible to Dutch elm disease and Coral-spot Fungus Nectria cinnabarina.

Damage caused by Nectria cinnabarina

Cultivation

The tree is cultivated in Denmark, Sweden,^[9] Finland,^[10] and the Netherlands. In Denmark it is usually propagated by base-grafting on wych elm;^[1] here the oldest known plantation was 65 trees on the Tuborgvej, Copenhagen, planted in 1906. The Späth nursery of Berlin distributed 'Hoersholmiensis' from the late 1920s.^[1] In the Netherlands it was planted notably along the Westlandsgracht in Amsterdam where it still survives, although upper branches are often killed by Coral-spot Fungus. Heybroek, having observed in 1957 its wind-resistance in Schleswig-Holstein, included Hoersholm elm in his breeding programme (see 'Hybrid cultivars' below). Fontaine confirmed it a useful wind-break tree.^[10] The tree was briefly propagated and marketed in the UK by the Hillier & Sons nursery, Winchester, Hampshire, from 1974 to 1977, during which time 187 were sold.^[11]^[12]

Notable trees

Fine unpruned specimens stand in Stockholm, in Raoul Wallenberg square and the Karlaplan.^[13]

'Hoersholmiensis' in the Karlaplan, Stockholm.
Same.
Same, winter.

Hybrid cultivars

The tree was hybridized with 'Commelin' and U. pumila as part of the Dutch elm breeding programme at the De Dorschkamp Institute, Wageningen. Seeds arising from the crossing were donated by Hans Heybroek to the University of Wisconsin-Madison programme in 1960. The clone 'Regal' was a frost-hardy selection from the resultant seedlings, whilst the later 1984 USDA release 'Homestead' arose from the crossing of another with U. pumila.

Synonymy

Ulmus carpinifolia 'Hoersholm': Krüssmann, Handbuch der Laubgehölze 2: 534, 1962
Ulmus carpinifolia 'Hoersholmensis': Mededeeling, Comite inzake Bestudeering en Bestrijding van de Iepenziekte, 13: 10, 1933
Ulmus carpinifolia 'Hoersholmii': Plant Buyer's Guide, ed. 6, 285, 1958
Ulmus carpinifolia var. horsholmii: Melville, Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany, 53: 88, 90. 1946

Accessions

Europe

Grange Farm Arboretum, Sutton St James, Spalding, Lincolnshire, UK. Acc. no. 1078.

Nurseries

Europe

Centrum voor Botanische Verrijking vzw, Kampenhout, Belgium, (as Ulmus minor 'Hoersholm').^[14]
Noordplant [3], Glimmen, The Netherlands
De Reebock [4], Zwalm, Belgium

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Østergaard, Jens (1951). "Hørsholm-elmen, et værdifuldt vej- og alletræ". Lustgården. 31–32: 60–71. Retrieved 13 February 2018.
^ Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. 24 (6–8): 41–80. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
^ Späth, Ludwig (1930). Späth-Buch, 1720-1930. Berlin: Self published. pp. 311–313, 351–352.
^ Ulmus hollandica Miller var. horsholmiensis; Den Haag 1931; naturalis.nl, specimen L.1587076
^ Two 'Hoersholmiensis', Bernard Zweerskade, Amsterdam; Google Maps (June 2019), accessdate: 3 March 2020
^ Bean, W. J. (1980) Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain (8th edition). Murray, UK.
^ "Herbarium specimen - 2683300" New York Botanical Garden Steere Herbarium Sheet labelled Ulmus 'Hoersholmiensis' NYBG specimen, from Späth nursery (1934); "Herbarium specimen - L.1587076". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Juvenile long shoot; sheet labelled Ulmus hollandica Miller var. horsholmiensis; Den Haag 1931 specimen, from Späth
^ Photograph of autumn colouring of 'Hoersholmiensis' in Kista, Sweden, www.tradgardsakademin.se - photo 4 [1].
^ Lagerstedt, Lars (2014). "Märkesträd i Sverige - 10 Almar" [Notable trees in Sweden - 10 Elms] (PDF). Lustgården. 94: 57, 74. Retrieved 15 May 2018.
^ ^a ^b F. J., Fontaine (1968). "Ulmus". Dendroflora. 5: 37–55. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
^ Hillier & Sons (1977). Catalogue of Trees & Shrubs. Hillier, Ampfield, UK.
^ Hillier & Sons Sales inventory 1962 to 1977 (unpublished).
^ Photographs of 'Hoersholmiensis' in Raoul Wallenberg square and the Karlaplan, Stockholm, www.tradgardsakademin.se [2].
^ Centrum voor Botanische Verrijking vzw: Voorraadlijst, accessdate: November 2, 2016

Elm species, varieties, hybrids, hybrid cultivars and species cultivars

Species, varieties and subspecies

U. alata (Winged elm)
U. americana (American elm)
U. americana var. floridana (Florida elm)
U. bergmanniana (Bergmann's elm)
U. bergmanniana var. bergmanniana
U. bergmanniana var. lasiophylla
U. castaneifolia (Chestnut-leafed or multinerved elm)
U. changii (Hangzhou elm)
U. changii var. changii
U. changii var. kunmingensis (Kunming elm)
U. chenmoui (Chenmou or Langya Mountain elm)
U. chumlia
U. crassifolia (Cedar or Texas cedar elm)
U. davidiana (David or Father David elm)
U. davidiana var. davidiana
U. davidiana var. japonica (Japanese elm)
U. elongata (Long raceme elm)
U. gaussenii (Anhui or hairy elm)
U. glabra (Wych or scots elm)
U. glaucescens (Gansu elm)
U. glaucescens var. glaucescens
U. glaucescens var. lasiocarpa (hairy-fruited glaucescent elm)
U. harbinensis (Harbin elm)
U. ismaelis
U. laciniata (Manchurian cut-leaf or lobed elm)
U. laciniata var. nikkoensis (Nikko elm)
U. laevis (European white elm)
U. laevis var. celtidea
U. laevis var. parvifolia
U. laevis var. simplicidens
U. lamellosa (Hebei elm)
U. lanceifolia (Vietnam elm)
U. macrocarpa (Large-fruited elm)
U. macrocarpa var. glabra
U. macrocarpa var. macrocarpa
U. mexicana (Mexican elm)
U. microcarpa (Tibetan elm)
U. minor (Field elm)
U. minor subsp. minor
U. minor var. italica
U. parvifolia (Chinese or lacebark elm)
U. parvifolia var. coreana (Korean elm)
U. prunifolia (Cherry-leafed elm)
U. pseudopropinqua (Harbin spring elm)
U. pumila (Siberian elm)
U. rubra (Slippery elm)
U. serotina (September elm)
U. szechuanica (Szechuan (Sichuan) or red-fruited elm)
U. thomasii (Rock or cork elm)
U. uyematsui (Alishan elm)
U. villosa (Cherry-bark or marn elm)
U. wallichiana (Himalayan or kashmir elm)
U. wallichiana subsp. wallichiana
U. wallichiana subsp. xanthoderma
U. wallichiana var. tomentosa

Disputed species, varieties and subspecies

U. boissieri
U. minor subsp. canescens (Grey, grey-leafed or hoary elm)
U. elliptica

Hybrids

U. davidiana var. japonica × U. minor
U. × arbuscula
U. × arkansana
U. × brandisiana
U. × diversifolia
U. × hollandica (Dutch elm)
U. × hollandica var. insularum
U. × intermedia
U. × mesocarpa

Species cultivars

American elm	American Liberty Ascendens Augustine Aurea Beaverlodge Beebe's Weeping Brandon Burgoyne JFS Prince II College Columnaris Creole Queen Deadfree Delaware Exhibition Fiorei Flick's Spreader Folia Aurea Variegata Great Plains Hines Incisa Independence Iowa State Jackson Jefferson Kimley Klehmii L'Assomption Lake City Lewis & Clark Littleford Maine Markham Miller Park Minneapolis Park Moline Morden New Harmony Nigricans Patmore Pendula Penn Treaty Princeton Pyramidata Queen City Sheyenne Skinner Upright St. Croix Star Valley Forge Variegata Vase Washington
Cedar elm	Brazos Rim
Chinese elm	A-1 A. Ross Central Park Blizzard BSNUPF Burgundy Burnley Select Catlin Chessins Churchyard Cork Bark D. B. Cole Drake Dynasty Ed Wood Elsmo Emer I Emer II Emerald Prairie Frosty Garden City Clone Geisha Glory Golden Rey Hallelujah Hokkaido Jade Empress King's Choice Littleleaf Lois Hole Matthew Milliken Nire-keyaki Ohio Orange Ribbon Pathfinder Pendens Prairie Shade Prince Richard Red Fall Sabamiki Sagei Seiju Select 380 Sempervirens Small Frye State Fair Stone's Dwarf Taiwan The Thinker Todd True Green UPMTF Ware's Yarralumla Yatsubusa Zettler Ulmus parvifolia f. lanceolata
European white elm	Aureovariegata Colorans Helena Ornata Pendula Punctata Urticifolia
Field elm	Ademuz Albo-Dentata Amplifolia Argenteo-Variegata Atinia Atinia Pyramidalis Atinia Variegata Bea Schwarz Biltii Christine Buisman Concavaefolia Coritana Cretensis Cucullata Cucullata Variegata Dehesa de Amaniel Dehesa de la Villa Dicksonii Dijkwel Erecta Folia Alba-Punctata Glandulosa Goodyeri Hoersholmiensis Holmstruph Hunnybunii Hunnybunii pseudo-Stricta Laciniata Lanuginosa Majadahonda Microphylla Pendula Microphylla Purpurea Microphylla Rubra Monumentalis Pendula Picturata Plotii Propendens Punctata Purpurascens Purpurea Retiro Reverti Rugosa Rueppellii Sarniensis Schuurhoek Silvery Gem Sowerbyi Stricta Suberosa Umbraculifera Gracilis Umbraculifera Viminalis Viminalis Aurea Viminalis Betulaefolia Viminalis Gracilis Viminalis Incisa Viminalis Marginata Viminalis Pendula Viminalis Pulverulenta Viminalis Stricta Virgata Webbiana
Japanese elm	Discovery Freedom Jacan JFS-Bieberich Mitsui Centennial Prospector Reperta Reseda Thomson Validation
Siberian elm	Ansaloni Aurea Aurescens Chinkota Dropmore Dwarf Weeper Green King Hansen Harbin Manchu Mauro Mr. Buzz Park Royal Pendula Pinnato-ramosa Poort Bulten Puszta Pyramidalis Fiorei Zhonghua Jinye
Winged elm	Lace Parasol
Wych elm	Albo-Variegata Australis Camperdownii Cebennensis Concavaefolia Cornuta Corylifolia Purpurea Corylifolia Dovaei Fastigiata Macrophylla Fastigiata Stricta Fastigiata Variegata Firma Flava Gigantea Gittisham Grandidentata Holgeri Horizontalis Insularis Latifolia Latifolia Aurea Latifolia Aureo-Variegata Latifolia Nigricans Luteo Variegata Lutescens Macrophylla Maculata Minor Nana Nigra Nitida Oblongata Pendula Macrophylla Pendula Variegata Pyrenaica Spectabilis Superba Tomentosa

Hybrid cultivars

Androssowii Amsterdam Arno Cathedral Clusius Columella Den Haag Dodoens Escaillard Fiorente Frontier Fuente Umbria Homestead Karagatch Lobel Morfeo Morton Morton Glossy Morton Plainsman Morton Red Tip Morton Stalwart Nanguen New Horizon Patriot Plantyn Plinio Rebella Rebona Recerta Regal Repura Revera San Zanobi Sapporo Autumn Gold Sapporo Gold 2 Stavast Toledo Urban Wanoux Wingham
Dutch elm	Alba Angustifolia Balder Belgica Blandford Canadian Giant Cicestria Cinerea Commelin Dampieri Dauvessei Daveyi Dumont Elegantissima Eleganto-Variegata Etrusca Fastigiata Fjerrestad Folia Rhomboidea Freja Fulva Gaujardii Groeneveld Haarlemensis Klemmer Loke Macrophylla Aurea Major Microphylla Modiolina Muscaviensis Odin Pioneer Pitteurs Serpentina Smithii Superba Tricolor Tyr Vegeta Viminalis Viscosa Wentworthii Pendula Wredei Ypreau
U. × intermedia	Coolshade Fremont Improved Coolshade Lincoln Rosehill Willis