Ulmus minor 'Viminalis Aurea'

Elm cultivar

Ulmus minor 'Viminalis Aurea'

Species	Ulmus minor
Cultivar	'Viminalis Aurea'
Origin	Louvain, Belgium

The Field Elm cultivar Ulmus minor 'Viminalis Aurea', probably a "golden" form of Ulmus minor 'Viminalis',^[1] was raised before 1866 by Egide Rosseels of Louvain,^[2] who was known to have supplied 'Viminalis'.^[3]

Description

The tree is distinguished by its 'Viminalis'-type leaves (4–7 cm x 3 cm) suffused golden yellow in early summer, greening as the season progresses.^[4]^[5]^[6] Clibran's of Altrincham (see 'Cultivation') described the coloration as "golden-bronze".^[7] Rehder noted that 'Viminalis Aurea' has been distinguished from 'Viminalis' by the more deeply incised usually obovate leaves, but the two forms of leaves pass gradually into each other and may be found even on the same plant.^[8]^[9]

Illustration of 'Aurea', 1866
'Aurea' at Borde Hill, West Sussex, 2010.

Pests and diseases

'Viminalis Aurea' is very susceptible to Dutch elm disease.

Cultivation

One tree supplied by the Späth nursery of Berlin was planted in 1899 at the Dominion Arboretum, Ottawa, Canada, as U. campestris antarctica aurea.^[10] Three specimens were supplied by Späth to the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh in 1902 as U. antarctica aurea, and may survive in Edinburgh as it was the practice of the Garden to distribute trees about the city (viz. the Wentworth Elm).^[11] The current list of Living Accessions held in the Garden per se does not list the plant. In England the tree was supplied by Clibrans' nursery of Altrincham, Cheshire, as Ulmus campestris aurea Rosseelsii.^[12]^[7] Only two specimens are known (2016) to survive in the UK, a stunted tree at Borde Hill, West Sussex.^[13] and a small tree (2016) at Grange Farm Arboretum (see Accessions). Others are known in Europe and Australasia^[14] (see Accessions).

Synonymy

Ulmus antarctica aurea: Späth nursery^[15]^[16]
Ulmus campestris var. antarctica aurea: Nicholson, Kew Hand List Trees & Shrubs, ii, 613, 1902.
Ulmus campestris var. aurea: Morren: La Belgique horticole, p. 356, 1866, (coloured plate), and Lemaire: L'Illustration horticole t 513, 1867.
Ulmus campestris var. Rosscelsii: Schelle, in Beissner et al., Handbuch der Laubholz-Benennung 83. 1903, = misspelling of Rosseelsii.
Ulmus rosseelsii: Koch, Dendrologie; Bäume, Sträucher und Halbsträucher, welche in Mittel- und Nord- Europa im Freien kultivirt werden 2 (1): 412, 1872, in synonymy.

Accessions

North America

None known.

Europe

Borde Hill Garden, Haywards Heath, UK. Acc. no. 47334 (As Ulmus minor 'Viminalis Aurea').^[17]
Grange Farm Arboretum, Sutton St James, Spalding, Lincolnshire, UK. Acc. no. 1102.
University of Copenhagen Botanic Garden, Denmark. As Ulmus procera 'Viminalis Aurea'.

Australasia

Waite Arboretum [1], University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia^[18]

Nurseries

North America

ForestFarm Nurseries [2], Williams, Oregon, US.

Europe

Arboretum Waasland [3], Nieuwkerken-Waas, Belgium.
Czeczot Krzewy [4], Bogumiłowice, Poland.
Szkółka Krzewów Ozdobnych [5], Bielsko-Biała, Poland.
Szkółki Konieczko [6], Gogolin, Poland.

References

^ Bean, William Jackson (1988). Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain (8th ed.). London: Murray. p. 659.
^ Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. 24 (6–8). Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University: 41–80. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
^ Witte, H. (1865). Algemeene tentoonstelling van voortbrengselen van tuinbouw te Amsterdam (in Dutch). Vol. 1. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
^ Hilliers' Manual of Trees & Shrubs. (1977). David & Charles, Newton Abbot, UK.
^ Bean, W. J. (1980) Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain. 8th edition. Murray's, London.
^ Krüssman, Gerd, Manual of Cultivated Broad-Leaved Trees & Shrubs (1984 vol. 3)
^ ^a ^b Clibrans Ltd. (1921). Ornamental Trees Shrubs & Climbers. Vol. Season: 1921-22. Altrincham, Cheshire, UK: Clibrans. p. 15.
^ Rehder, Alfred (1919). "Rehder, new species, varieties and combinations". Journal of the Arnold Arboretum. 1: 140–141. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
^ "Herbarium specimen - L.1581935". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Sheet described as U. procera Rosseelsii (Den Haag specimen, 1931); "Herbarium specimen - L.1581948". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Sheet labelled U. viminalis aurea (Hillier, Winchester, 1952)
^ Catalogue of the trees and shrubs in the arboretum and botanic gardens at the central experimental farm (2nd ed.). 1899. p. 74.
^ Accessions book. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. 1902. pp. 45, 47.
^ Clibrans Ltd., Ornamental Trees Shrubs & Climbers, cat. 269, Altrincham, 1908-09, p.27
^ Johnson, O. (ed.). (2011). Champion Trees of Britain & Ireland. p. 171. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London. ISBN 978-1842464526
^ 'Viminalis Aurea' in the Waite Arboretum, trusttrees.org.au
^ Katalog (PDF). Vol. 108. Berlin, Germany: L. Späth Baumschulenweg. 1902–1903. pp. 132–133.
^ Späth, Ludwig (1930). Späth-Buch, 1720-1930. Berlin: Self published. pp. 311–313, 351–352
^ "Champion Trees - Borde Hill Garden". Borde Hill Garden. Retrieved 2017-07-09.
^ Spencer, R.; Hawker, J. & Lumley, P. (1991). Elms in Australia. Australia: Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne. ISBN 0-7241-9962-4.

Elm species, varieties, hybrids, hybrid cultivars and species cultivars

Species, varieties and subspecies

U. alata (Winged elm)
U. americana (American elm)
U. americana var. floridana (Florida elm)
U. bergmanniana (Bergmann's elm)
U. bergmanniana var. bergmanniana
U. bergmanniana var. lasiophylla
U. castaneifolia (Chestnut-leafed or multinerved elm)
U. changii (Hangzhou elm)
U. changii var. changii
U. changii var. kunmingensis (Kunming elm)
U. chenmoui (Chenmou or Langya Mountain elm)
U. chumlia
U. crassifolia (Cedar or Texas cedar elm)
U. davidiana (David or Father David elm)
U. davidiana var. davidiana
U. davidiana var. japonica (Japanese elm)
U. elongata (Long raceme elm)
U. gaussenii (Anhui or hairy elm)
U. glabra (Wych or scots elm)
U. glaucescens (Gansu elm)
U. glaucescens var. glaucescens
U. glaucescens var. lasiocarpa (hairy-fruited glaucescent elm)
U. harbinensis (Harbin elm)
U. ismaelis
U. laciniata (Manchurian cut-leaf or lobed elm)
U. laciniata var. nikkoensis (Nikko elm)
U. laevis (European white elm)
U. laevis var. celtidea
U. laevis var. parvifolia
U. laevis var. simplicidens
U. lamellosa (Hebei elm)
U. lanceifolia (Vietnam elm)
U. macrocarpa (Large-fruited elm)
U. macrocarpa var. glabra
U. macrocarpa var. macrocarpa
U. mexicana (Mexican elm)
U. microcarpa (Tibetan elm)
U. minor (Field elm)
U. minor subsp. minor
U. minor var. italica
U. parvifolia (Chinese or lacebark elm)
U. parvifolia var. coreana (Korean elm)
U. prunifolia (Cherry-leafed elm)
U. pseudopropinqua (Harbin spring elm)
U. pumila (Siberian elm)
U. rubra (Slippery elm)
U. serotina (September elm)
U. szechuanica (Szechuan (Sichuan) or red-fruited elm)
U. thomasii (Rock or cork elm)
U. uyematsui (Alishan elm)
U. villosa (Cherry-bark or marn elm)
U. wallichiana (Himalayan or kashmir elm)
U. wallichiana subsp. wallichiana
U. wallichiana subsp. xanthoderma
U. wallichiana var. tomentosa

Disputed species, varieties and subspecies

U. boissieri
U. minor subsp. canescens (Grey, grey-leafed or hoary elm)
U. elliptica

Hybrids

U. davidiana var. japonica × U. minor
U. × arbuscula
U. × arkansana
U. × brandisiana
U. × diversifolia
U. × hollandica (Dutch elm)
U. × hollandica var. insularum
U. × intermedia
U. × mesocarpa

Species cultivars

American elm	American Liberty Ascendens Augustine Aurea Beaverlodge Beebe's Weeping Brandon Burgoyne JFS Prince II College Columnaris Creole Queen Deadfree Delaware Exhibition Fiorei Flick's Spreader Folia Aurea Variegata Great Plains Hines Incisa Independence Iowa State Jackson Jefferson Kimley Klehmii L'Assomption Lake City Lewis & Clark Littleford Maine Markham Miller Park Minneapolis Park Moline Morden New Harmony Nigricans Patmore Pendula Penn Treaty Princeton Pyramidata Queen City Sheyenne Skinner Upright St. Croix Star Valley Forge Variegata Vase Washington
Cedar elm	Brazos Rim
Chinese elm	A-1 A. Ross Central Park Blizzard BSNUPF Burgundy Burnley Select Catlin Chessins Churchyard Cork Bark D. B. Cole Drake Dynasty Ed Wood Elsmo Emer I Emer II Emerald Prairie Frosty Garden City Clone Geisha Glory Golden Rey Hallelujah Hokkaido Jade Empress King's Choice Littleleaf Lois Hole Matthew Milliken Nire-keyaki Ohio Orange Ribbon Pathfinder Pendens Prairie Shade Prince Richard Red Fall Sabamiki Sagei Seiju Select 380 Sempervirens Small Frye State Fair Stone's Dwarf Taiwan The Thinker Todd True Green UPMTF Ware's Yarralumla Yatsubusa Zettler Ulmus parvifolia f. lanceolata
European white elm	Aureovariegata Colorans Helena Ornata Pendula Punctata Urticifolia
Field elm	Ademuz Albo-Dentata Amplifolia Argenteo-Variegata Atinia Atinia Pyramidalis Atinia Variegata Bea Schwarz Biltii Christine Buisman Concavaefolia Coritana Cretensis Cucullata Cucullata Variegata Dehesa de Amaniel Dehesa de la Villa Dicksonii Dijkwel Erecta Folia Alba-Punctata Glandulosa Goodyeri Hoersholmiensis Holmstruph Hunnybunii Hunnybunii pseudo-Stricta Laciniata Lanuginosa Majadahonda Microphylla Pendula Microphylla Purpurea Microphylla Rubra Monumentalis Pendula Picturata Plotii Propendens Punctata Purpurascens Purpurea Retiro Reverti Rugosa Rueppellii Sarniensis Schuurhoek Silvery Gem Sowerbyi Stricta Suberosa Umbraculifera Gracilis Umbraculifera Viminalis Viminalis Aurea Viminalis Betulaefolia Viminalis Gracilis Viminalis Incisa Viminalis Marginata Viminalis Pendula Viminalis Pulverulenta Viminalis Stricta Virgata Webbiana
Japanese elm	Discovery Freedom Jacan JFS-Bieberich Mitsui Centennial Prospector Reperta Reseda Thomson Validation
Siberian elm	Ansaloni Aurea Aurescens Chinkota Dropmore Dwarf Weeper Green King Hansen Harbin Manchu Mauro Mr. Buzz Park Royal Pendula Pinnato-ramosa Poort Bulten Puszta Pyramidalis Fiorei Zhonghua Jinye
Winged elm	Lace Parasol
Wych elm	Albo-Variegata Australis Camperdownii Cebennensis Concavaefolia Cornuta Corylifolia Purpurea Corylifolia Dovaei Fastigiata Macrophylla Fastigiata Stricta Fastigiata Variegata Firma Flava Gigantea Gittisham Grandidentata Holgeri Horizontalis Insularis Latifolia Latifolia Aurea Latifolia Aureo-Variegata Latifolia Nigricans Luteo Variegata Lutescens Macrophylla Maculata Minor Nana Nigra Nitida Oblongata Pendula Macrophylla Pendula Variegata Pyrenaica Spectabilis Superba Tomentosa

Hybrid cultivars

Androssowii Amsterdam Arno Cathedral Clusius Columella Den Haag Dodoens Escaillard Fiorente Frontier Fuente Umbria Homestead Karagatch Lobel Morfeo Morton Morton Glossy Morton Plainsman Morton Red Tip Morton Stalwart Nanguen New Horizon Patriot Plantyn Plinio Rebella Rebona Recerta Regal Repura Revera San Zanobi Sapporo Autumn Gold Sapporo Gold 2 Stavast Toledo Urban Wanoux Wingham
Dutch elm	Alba Angustifolia Balder Belgica Blandford Canadian Giant Cicestria Cinerea Commelin Dampieri Dauvessei Daveyi Dumont Elegantissima Eleganto-Variegata Etrusca Fastigiata Fjerrestad Folia Rhomboidea Freja Fulva Gaujardii Groeneveld Haarlemensis Klemmer Loke Macrophylla Aurea Major Microphylla Modiolina Muscaviensis Odin Pioneer Pitteurs Serpentina Smithii Superba Tricolor Tyr Vegeta Viminalis Viscosa Wentworthii Pendula Wredei Ypreau
U. × intermedia	Coolshade Fremont Improved Coolshade Lincoln Rosehill Willis