University of Zurich

The University of Zürich (UZH, German: Universität Zürich) is a public research university located in the city of Zürich, Switzerland. It is the largest university in Switzerland,^[6] with its 28,000 enrolled students.^[7] It was founded in 1833^[8] from the existing colleges of theology, law, medicine which go back to 1525, and a new faculty of philosophy.

Currently, the university has seven faculties: Philosophy, Human Medicine, Economic Sciences, Law, Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Theology and Veterinary Medicine. The university offers the widest range of subjects and courses of any Swiss higher education institution.^[9]

History

The University of Zurich was founded on April 29, 1833,^[10] when the existing colleges of theology, the Carolinum founded by Huldrych Zwingli in 1525, law and medicine were merged with a new faculty of Philosophy. It was the first university in Europe to be founded by the state rather than a monarch or church.^{[citation needed]}

In the university's early years, the 1839 appointment of the German theologian David Friedrich Strauss to its Chair of Theology caused a major controversy, since Strauss argued that the miracles in the Christian New Testament were mythical retellings of normal events as supernatural happenings.^{[11][12][13][14]} Eventually, the authorities offered Strauss a pension before he had a chance to start his duties.

The university allowed women to attend philosophy lectures from 1847, and admitted the first female doctoral student in 1866. The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine was added in 1901, the second-oldest such faculty in the world. In 1914, the university moved to new premises designed by the architect Karl Moser on Rämistrasse 71.^[15]

Campus

The university is scattered all over the city of Zürich. The main campuses are located in the city centre, Irchelpark and Oerlikon.^[16] Members of the university can use several libraries, including the ETH-library, and the Zurich Central Library, with over 5 million volumes.^[17] In 1962, the faculty of science proposed to establish the Irchelpark campus on the Strickhofareal. The first stage the construction of the university buildings was begun in 1973, and the campus was inaugurated in 1979.^[18][19] The construction of the second stage lasted from 1978 to 1983.^[19] The campus also houses the anthropological museum Anthropologisches Museum,^[20] and the cantonal Staatsarchiv Zürich.^[21]

Museums

The Institute and Museum for the History of Medicine is part of the university.^[22] The university includes 13 museums: the Anatomical Collection, the Archaeological Collection, the Botanical Museum, the Museum of Wax Moulages, the Science Exploratorium, the Museum of Veterinary History, the Zürich Herbaria, the Museum of Anthropology, the Botanical Garden, the Ethnographic Museum, the Paleontological Museum, the Veterinary Anatomy Collection and the Zoological Museum.^[23]

Academics

In the fields of bioscience and finance, there is a close-knit collaboration between the University of Zurich and the ETH (Federal Institute for Technology). Examples for common initiatives between the two institutions include University Medicine Zurich, the Wyss Translational Center Zurich and Life Science Zurich.^[24][25]

Rankings

• Shanghai Jiao Tong University Ranking^[30] (heavy emphasis on research output – citations, Nobel prizes etc.) Ranked 59th overall as well as 5th and 10th in the subdisclipines Ecology an Human Biological Sciences respectively.
• QS World University Rankings^[31] (heavy emphasis on peer review) 91st overall and 56th in Medicine globally making it the highest ranked University in Switzerland for Medicine according to QS.
• THE World University Rankings 2024^[32] 80th overall and ranked 42nd in the subdiscipline business & economics.

The university's Department of Economics is especially strong and was ranked first in the German-speaking area by the Handelsblatt in 2017.^[33] In 2009, the faculty of Business Administration was ranked third in the German-speaking area.^[34]

Language policy

Bachelor courses are taught in Swiss Standard German ("Hochdeutsch"), but use of English is increasing in many faculties. The only bachelors program taught entirely in English is the "English Language and Literature" program.^[35] All Master courses at the Faculty of Science are held in English. Master courses in Economics and Finance are mainly held in English, while the Master of Science in Quantitative Finance is held completely in English.^{[citation needed]}

Student life

The university's Academic Sports Association (ASVZ) offers a wide range of sports facilities to students of the university. The student body is represented through the Verband der Studierenden der Universität Zürich VSUZH which organizes events and is involved in the university administration.^[36]

Notable alumni and faculty

Politics, law and society

Economics, business and management

Science

• Artur Avila, professor at Institut für Mathematik and Fields Medal
• Christian Beyel Swiss Mathematician
• Brigitta Danuser, Medicine
• Peter Debye, Dutch physicist and chemist
• Albert Einstein, theoretical physicist who was awarded his PhD from the University of Zurich in 1905 and was appointed associate professor at the university in 1909
• Anna Fischer-Dückelmann, one of the first women to receive a medical degree in a German-speaking country
• Natalie Grams, German physician, author and science communicator
• Paul Herrling (Ph.D. 1975), Swiss head of corporate research, professor
• Albert Hofmann, Swiss scientist and discoverer of LSD-25
• Max Holzmann, Swiss cardiologist
• Edith Humphrey, Chemist and the first British woman to get a doctorate in chemistry
• Hugo Iltis, Biologist, Biographer of Gregor Mendel
• Maximilian Janisch, Swiss mathematician, youngest doctoral student in Switzerland
• Alfred Kleiner, experimental physicist
• Hanna Kokko, biologist
• Jean Lindenmann (1924–2015), Swiss immunologist and virologist; co-discoverer of interferon
• Rachel Lloyd (1839-1900), American chemist
• Rolf Pfeifer, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence
• Wilhelm Röntgen, physicist and engineer who discovered X-rays
• Erwin Schrödinger, Austrian physicist who was professor from 1921 to 1927
• Heinrich Willi, Swiss pediatrician
• Heidi Wunderli-Allenspach (born 1947), Swiss biologist and first woman director of ETH Zurich
• Gazi Yaşargil, Neurosurgery’s man of the century 1950–1999, professor and chairman of the Department of Neurosurgery (1973-1993)

Philosophy and theology

• Eberhard Jüngel (1934–2021), German Lutheran theologian

Arts and music

• Luzia von Wyl (born 1985), Swiss composer and pianist

Nobel Prize laureates

Associated with the university are 12 Nobel Prize recipients, primarily in Physics and Chemistry.

Associated institutions

• Corpus Córporum, digital library created and maintained by the university's Institute for Greek and Latin Philology.
• Swiss National Supercomputing Centre

See also

• List of largest universities by enrollment in Switzerland
• List of modern universities in Europe (1801–1945)

Notes and references

External links

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