WINDS

WINDS (Kizuna)
Spacecraft properties
Launch of WINDS (Kizuna) on H-IIA Flight 14.

Mission type	Communication
Operator	JAXA/NICT
COSPAR ID	2008-007A
SATCAT no.	32500
Website	JAXA
Mission duration	5 years (design) Final: 11 years, 4 days


Bus	NX-G^[1]
Manufacturer	NEC
Launch mass	4,850 kilograms (10,690 lb)
BOL mass	2,750 kilograms (6,060 lb)


Start of mission
Launch date	23 February 2008, 08:55 (2008-02-23UTC08:55Z) UTC
Rocket	H-IIA
Launch site	Tanegashima Y1
Contractor	Mitsubishi


End of mission
Disposal	Decommissioned
Deactivated	27 February 2019, 06:54 (2019-02-27UTC06:55Z) UTC


Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Geostationary
Longitude	143° East
Semi-major axis	42,164 kilometres (26,199 mi)
Perigee altitude	35,784.1 kilometres (22,235.2 mi)
Apogee altitude	35,803.8 kilometres (22,247.4 mi)
Inclination	0.2 °
Period	1,436.1 minutes
Epoch	00:00:00 UTC 2016-08-31^[2]

WINDS (Wideband InterNetworking engineering test and Demonstration Satellite, also known as Kizuna), was a Japanese communication satellite. Launch was originally scheduled for 2007. The launch date was eventually set for 15 February 2008, but a problem detected in a second stage maneuvering thruster delayed it to 23 February. Lift-off occurred at 08:55 GMT on 23 February from Tanegashima Space Center, and the satellite separated from its H-IIA carrier rocket into a Geosynchronous transfer orbit at 09:23. WINDS was used to relay the internet to Japanese homes and businesses through Ka-Band signals. It also tested technologies that would be utilised by future Japanese communication satellites. A part of Japan's i-Space program, WINDS was operated by JAXA and NICT.

Prior to launch, a JAXA brochure claimed that WINDS will be able to provide 155 Mbit/s download speeds to home users with 45-centimetre diameter satellite dishes, while providing industrial users via 5-metre diameter dishes with 1.2 Gbit/s speeds.^[3]

WINDS had a launch mass of 4,850 kg, reducing to a mass of around 2,750 kg after thrusting to its operational orbit. The spacecraft is 8 m x 3 m x 2 m in size, and its solar panels have a span of 21.5 metres. It has three-axis stabilisation, and a design life expectancy of five years.

The satellite became inoperable due to communications failure on 9 February 2019,^[4] and it was decommissioned by the transmission of a deactivation command at 06:54 GMT on 27 February 2019.^[5]

References

^ Kallender-Umezu, Paul (24 November 2014). "Japan's NEC Looks To Expand Commercial Market Footprint". Retrieved 31 August 2016.
^ "WINDS (KIZUNA)". N2YO.com. 31 August 2016. Archived from the original on 31 August 2016. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
^ "JAXA - 超高速インターネット衛星―WINDS" (PDF). JAXA. 26 December 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 February 2008. Retrieved 23 February 2008.
^ 「きずな」（WINDS）の運用状況について (in Japanese). JAXA. 13 February 2019. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
^ 超高速インターネット衛星「きずな」（WINDS）の運用終了について (in Japanese). JAXA. 1 March 2019. Retrieved 6 March 2019.

External links

JAXA website about WINDS
LIVE COVERAGE: H-IIA KIZUNA (WINDS) Launch (updated 1:20 GMT) 1:20 GMT (8:20 pm EST): T-6 hours. Fueling of the H-IIA has commenced

Japanese space program

Italics indicates projects in development.
Symbol ^† indicates failed projects.
~~Strikethrough lines~~ indicate cancelled projects.

Space agencies

National space agencies	JAXA former ISAS NAL NASDA NICT JSS
Joint development partners	NASA¹ ESA² ASI³ CSA⁴ Roscosmos⁵ AEB⁶ INPE⁷ ISRO⁸

Astronomical observation

Past	Akari ASCA ASTRO-E^† ~~Astro-G~~ CORSA^† Ginga Hakucho HALCA Hinotori Hitomi^† ~~SPICA~~ Suzaku Tenma Yohkoh
Active	Hinode Hisaki XRISM¹
Future	ATHENA² SOLAR-C¹ GREX-PLUS [ja] HiZ-GUNDAM [ja] LAPYUTA LiteBIRD Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope¹ Nano-JASMINE Small-JASMINE

Communications satellites, broadcasting satellites and satellite navigation systems

Past	BS 2X 3H 3N Kakehashi Kirari Kizuna Kodama MBSat N-STAR a b Sakura (1 2a 2b 3a 3b) Yuri 1 2a 2b 3a 3b
Active	Kirameki 1 2 Michibiki 1 2 3 4 1R MTSAT N-STAR c d JDRS
Future	DSN 3 QZS 5 6 7

Earth observation

Past	Akebono Daichi 1 3^† Denpa Fuyo-1 Jikiken Kyokko Midori I II Momo 1 1b Ohozora Taiyo TRMM¹ Ume 1 b Geotail¹
Active	Aqua^1,7 Arase ASNARO 1 2 Daichi-2 GPM¹ Himawari Ibuki original 2 Shikisai Shizuku
Future	ALOS-4 EarthCARE² GOSAT-GW PMM

Engineering tests

Past	Ayame 1 2 DASH EXPRESS IKAROS Jindai Kiku 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 LDREX 1 2 LRE Micro LabSat-1 Myojo Ohsumi Orizuru RAISE 2 3^† ~~PETSAT~~ RAPIS-1 Ryusei SERVIS-1 SERVIS-2 SDS-1 SFU Shinsei ~~SmartSat-1~~ Tansei 1 2 3 4 Tasuki Tsubame Tsubasa USERS
Active	Ajisai Reimei SDS-4
Future	BEAK ETS-IX G-SATELLITE SERVIS-3

Human spaceflight

Past	~~Fuji crewed spacecraft~~ ~~HOPE-X~~ H-II Transfer Vehicle
Active	International Space Station (ISS) & Japanese Experiment Module (Kibō)^1,2,3,4,5,6
Future	HTV-X Japanese Space Station Module (Mitsui) Lunar Gateway^1,2,4

Space probes

The Moon

Past	Hakuto-R Mission 1^† Hiten ~~Lunar-A~~ Kaguya (SELENE) OMOTENASHI^† ~~SELENE-2~~
Active	EQUULEUS Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM)
Future	Hakuto-R Mission 2 HERACLES^2,4 Lunar Cruiser Lunar Polar Exploration Mission⁸ (LUPEX) Yaoki

Others

Past	Hayabusa ~~Hayabusa Mk2~~ Nozomi^† PROCYON^† Sakigake Shin'en^† Suisei
Active	Akatsuki BepiColombo (MMO/Mio)² Hayabusa2 Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer²
Future	Comet Interceptor² DESTINY+ Dragonfly¹ Hera² MELOS Martian Moons eXploration Next Generation Small-Body Sample Return TEREX

Reconnaissance satellites

Past	IGS-Optical 1 2 Experimentally 3 IGS-Radar 1 2
Active	IGS-Optical 3 4 5 6 Experimentally 5 IGS-Radar 3 4 Spare 5 6
Future	IGS-Optical 7 8 IGS-Radar 7 8

Private small satellites

Past	CosMoz CUTE 1.7+APD Fuji 1 2 Hayato HIBARI HIT-SAT Kagayaki Kanta-kun (WEOS) Kūkai Maido-1 Negai☆″ Niwaka RAIKO Waseda-SAT2 WE WISH
Active	CUTE 1 1.7+APDII Fuji-3 Hitomi Hodoyoshi 1 2 3 4 Horyu 2 Kiseki PROITERES Raijin Raijin-2 SEEDS SOCRATES XI IV V
Future	DRUMS KITSUNE OPUSAT-II QSAT-EOS RSP-01 SOMESAT SpaceTuna1 SPROUT TSUBAME WNI satellite

v t e ← 2007 Orbital launches in 2008 2009 →
January	Thuraya 3 TecSAR Ekspress AM-33
February	Progress M-63 STS-122 (Columbus) Thor 5 Kizuna
March	Jules Verne ATV STS-123 (Kibō ELM-PS, Dextre, Spacelab MD002) USA-200 AMC-14 USA-201 DirecTV-11 SAR-Lupe 4
April	Soyuz TMA-12 ICO G1 C/NOFS Vinasat-1, Star One C2 Tianlian I-01 GIOVE-B Cartosat-2A, Rubin-8, AAUSat-2, CanX-2, CanX-6, Compass-1, CUTE-1.7 + APD II, Delfi-C3, SEEDS-2 Amos-3
May	Progress M-64 Galaxy 18 Kosmos 2437, Kosmos 2438, Kosmos 2439, Yubileiny Fengyun 3A STS-124 (Kibō PM)
June	ChinaSat 9 Fermi Skynet 5C, Türksat 3A Orbcomm FM29, Orbcomm FM37, Orbcomm FM38, Orbcomm FM39, Orbcomm FM40, Orbcomm FM41 OSTM/Jason-2 Kosmos 2440
July	Badr-6, ProtoStar 1 EchoStar XI SAR-Lupe 5 Kosmos 2441
August	Trailblazer, NanoSail-D, PRESat, Explorers Superbird-C2, AMC-21 Omid Inmarsat-4 F3 Tachys, Mati, Choma, Choros, Trochia
September	Huan Jing 1A, Huan Jing 1B GeoEye-1 Progress M-65 Nimiq-4 Galaxy 19 Kosmos 2442, Kosmos 2243, Kosmos 2444 Shenzhou 7 (Banxing-1) Ratsat
October	THEOS Soyuz TMA-13 IBEX Chandrayaan-1 (MIP) Shijian 6E, Shijian 6F COSMO-3 Venesat-1
November	Chuang Xin 1B, Shiyan Weixing 3 Astra 1M Kosmos 2445 STS-126 (Leonardo MPLM, PSSC-1) Progress M-01M
December	Yaogan 4 Kosmos 2446 Yaogan 5 Hot Bird 9, Eutelsat W2M Fengyun 2E Kosmos 2447, Kosmos 2448, Kosmos 2449
Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ). CubeSats are smaller. Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).