Wonjong of Goryeo

Issue

• Sons:
  Wang Geo
  Wang Tae
  Wang Jong
  Wang Ikjang
• Daughters:
  A daughter
  Princess Gyeongan
  Princess Hamnyeong

Posthumous name
Great King Sunhyo (순효대왕, 順孝大王; given by Goryeo dynasty) King Chunggyeong (충경왕, 忠敬王; given by Yuan dynasty in 1310)
Temple name
Wonjong (원종, 元宗)

HouseWangDynastyGoryeoFatherGojong of GoryeoMotherQueen AnhyeReligionBuddhism

Korean name
Hangul	원종
Hanja	元宗
Revised Romanization	Wonjong
McCune–Reischauer	Wŏnjong
Birth name
Hangul	왕전, 왕식, later 왕정
Hanja	王倎, 王植, later 王禎
Revised Romanization	Wang Jeon, Wang Sik, later Wang Jeong
McCune–Reischauer	Wang Chŏn, Wang Sik, later Wang Chŏng
Courtesy name
Hangul	일신
Hanja	日新
Revised Romanization	Ilsin
McCune–Reischauer	Ilsin
Posthumous name
Hangul	순효대왕
Hanja	順孝大王
Revised Romanization	Sunhyo Daewang
McCune–Reischauer	Sunhyo Taewang

Wonjong of Goryeo (5 April 1219 – 23 July 1274), personal name Wang Chŏng, was the 24th ruler of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea, reigning from 1260 to 1274. His rule was briefly interrupted by that of King Yeongjong in 1269, although the legitimacy of the latter is disputed by scholars.

Biography

His father, Gojong of Goryeo, sent Wonjong when he was the Crown Prince, to meet with Kublai Khan to negotiate with the Mongols after decades of warfare during the Mongol invasions of Korea. During this time, Kublai was in the middle of a power struggle with Ariq Böke whom was residing in Karakorum while Kublai himself was participating in the Chinese Campaign. Having the Goryeo crown prince come before him to concede after decades of fighting, Kublai Khan was jubilant and said "Goryeo is a country that long ago even Tang Taizong personally campaigned against but was unable to defeat. But now, its crown prince has come before me, and this be the will of heaven as it is!"^[1][2][3]

Reign

He ascended the throne with the help of Kublai Khan.^[4] During his reign, Goryeo became a vassal of the Mongol-founded Yuan dynasty in China.^[5]

In 1269, the military leader Im Yon engineered a coup d'état to remove Wonjong. Kublai Khan dispatched 3,000 troops to oust the forces of the rebel. Wonjong visited the imperial court in 1271 after his re-accession.

Wonjong was the eldest son of the previous king, Gojong.

Family

• Father: Gojong of Goryeo (고려 고종)
  • Grandfather: Gangjong of Goryeo (고려 강종)
  • Grandmother: Queen Wondeok (원덕왕후)
• Mother: Queen Anhye (안혜왕후)
  • Grandfather: Huijong of Goryeo (고려 희종)
  • Grandmother: Queen Seongpyeong (성평왕후)
    • Sister: Princess Suheung (수흥궁주)
• Consorts and their Respective issue(s):

1. Queen Jeongsun of the Gyeongju Gim clan (정순왕후 김씨; 1222–1237)
   1. Crown Prince Wang Geo (태자 왕거)
   2. Unnamed Princess (공주)
2. Princess Gyeongchang of the Yu clan (경창궁주 유씨); seventh cousin once removed.
   1. Wang Yi, Marquess Siyang (왕이 시양후)
   2. Wang Jong, Marquess Sunan (왕종 순안후)
   3. Princess Gyeongan (경안궁주)
   4. Princess Hamnyeong (함녕궁주)
3. Unknown, from a Palace maid (궁인)
   1. Wang Ik-jang (왕익장)

Monarchs of Korea
Goryeo
Taejo 918–943 Hyejong 943–945 Jeongjong (定宗) 945–949 Gwangjong 949–975 Gyeongjong 975–981 Seongjong 981–997 Mokjong 997–1009 Hyeonjong 1009–1031 Deokjong 1031–1034 Jeongjong (靖宗) 1034–1046 Munjong 1046–1083 Sunjong 1083 Seonjong 1083–1094 Heonjong 1094–1095 Sukjong 1095–1105 Yejong 1105–1122 Injong 1122–1146 Uijong 1146–1170 Myeongjong 1170–1197 Sinjong 1197–1204 Huijong 1204–1211 Gangjong 1211–1213 Gojong 1213–1259 Wonjong 1259–1274 Chungnyeol 1274–1308 Chungseon 1308–1313 Chungsuk 1313–1330; 1332–1339 Chunghye 1330–1332; 1339–1344 Chungmok 1344–1348 Chungjeong 1348–1351 Gongmin 1351–1374 U 1374–1388 Chang 1388–1389 Gongyang 1389–1392
v t e

See also

• List of Korean monarchs
• List of Goryeo people
• Goryeo
• Mongol invasions of Korea
• Korea under Yuan rule

References

• 원종 (in Korean). Doosan Encyclopedia.

Wonjong of Goryeo House of Wang Born: 5 April 1219 Died: 23 July 1274
Regnal titles
Preceded by Gojong	King of Goryeo 1260–1269	Succeeded by Yeongjong
Preceded by Yeongjong	King of Goryeo 1269–1274	Succeeded by Chungnyeol