Émile Combes

Perdana Menteri PrancisMasa jabatan
7 Juni 1902 – 24 Januari 1905 Informasi pribadiLahir6 September 1835
RoquecourbeMeninggal25 Mei 1921(1921-05-25) (umur 85)
Pons, Charente-MaritimePartai politikRadical Party

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Émile Justin Louis Combes (bahasa Prancis: [emil kɔ̃b]; 6 September 1835 – 25 Mei 1921) adalah seorang negarawan Prancis juga Freemasonry^[1][2][3] yang memimpin kabinet Bloc des gauches dari Juni 1902 hingga Januari 1905.

Referensi

Sumber

• Akan, Murat. The Politics of Secularism: Religion, Diversity, and Institutional Change in France and Turkey (2017).
• Arnal, Oscar L. "Why the French Christian Democrats Were Condemned." Church History 49.2 (1980): 188–202. online
• Coffey, Joan L. "Of Catechisms and Sermons: Church-State Relations in France, 1890–1905." Church history 66.1 (1997): 54–66. online
• McManners, John. Church and State in France, 1870–1914 (Harper & Row, 1972), pp. 125–55.
• Mayeur, Jean-Marie Mayeur and Madeleine Rebérioux. The Third Republic from its Origins to the Great War, 1871-1914 (1984), pp. 227–44
• Merle, Gabriel. Emile Combes (1995), p. 1, 662 p.; standard biography, in French
• Partin, Malcolm. Waldeck-Rousseau, Combes, and the Church: the Politics of Anticlericalism, 1899–1905 (1969)
• Sabatier, Paul. Disestablishment in France (1906) online

Pranala luar

• Cartoons Diarsipkan 2008-05-17 di Wayback Machine.

Jabatan politik
Didahului oleh: Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau	Perdana Menteri Prancis 1902–1905	Diteruskan oleh: Maurice Rouvier